Adhyaya 105

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुशोभित आसन पर, जो होता के लिये निर्दिष्ट था, बेठ गया और अपने पिता मह॒षि कश्यप की भाँति वहीं से वेद एवं आख्यानात्मक पाँचवें वेद का व्याख्यान देने लघा उस बालक को इस प्रकार देखकर सभी ऋषियों ने तदनुकूल नामकरण किया। अपने उक्त अद्भुत कर्म के कारण वह हिरण्यकशिपु नाम से विख्यात हुआ। उसका छोटा भाई हिरण्याक्ष था और सिहिका छोटी बहन थी । वह सिंहिका देबी

English

How was Gayasura (Demon Gaya) born? What was his power? What was his nature? How did he perform the penance? How did he acquire purity of the body? Brahma, the grandfather of the worlds, was born of the umbilical lotus of Visnu. Formerly, at the instance of lord Visnu, he created the subjects. Formerly he created the Asuras (Demons) through a demoniac inclination. Through a benevolent disposition of mind he created theDevas of gentle minds. Demon Gaya possessed the greatest strength and exploit among Asuras. His height is remembered to be one hundred and twentyfive Yojanas. His girth was sixty Yojanas. He is remembered as the most excellent of all the devotees of Visnu. He performed a very terrible penance on the excellent mountain Kolahala (Brahma- yoni hill including Muntfapr${ha at Gaya). He remained steady for many thousand years without breathing. Scorched by his fiery penance, Devas were greatly agitated. Devas went to Brahmaloka and spoke to Pitamaha (god Brahma), "O Lord, save us from demon Gaya". Then Brahma spoke to the Devas: "O Devas, we shall go to god Sankara." Brahma and others went to Siva. At Kailasa, they bowed to him and said, "O Lord, save us from the great demon". Sarhbhu spoke to Brahma and others: "We shall seek refuge in Hari, in the ocean of milk. He is the lord of all Devas. He will do something conducive to our welfare". Brahma, Siva and the Devas bowed to Visnu and eulogised him. Om! Obeisance to Visnu, the lord of all, the all- powerful, the radiant, the victorious and the devourer (destro¬ yer) of Raksasas and others. Hail to the sustainer of all these (worlds). Bow to him who leads the Yogins beyond (the ocean of worldly existence). Obeisance to the ever-increasing, the Infinite. Hail to the resplendent one. On being eulogised thus, Vasudeva granted vision unto the Suras (i.e. manifested himself in front of them). O Devas, wherefore have you all come?" On being asked thus by Visnu the Devas said to him: "O Lord, save us from the danger of demon Gaya". Hari said, "May Brahma and others go near that Daitya. I shall also come there". Seated on Garuda, Kesava started in order to grant a boon to Gayasura. All the Devas seated themselves on their respective excellent vehicles and proceeded. Vasudeva and others spoke to him: "O demon Gaya, what for is this penance being performed by you? We have all arrived here fully satisfied (with your penance). Mention the boon (you wish to have) O Devas, Brahma, Visnu and Mahcsvara, if you are pleased, may I be ever holier than these: than all the Devas, and Brahmanas, than all the Yajfias, holy rivers and mountains; than all the Devas; than all the sages; than even the unchanging Siva; than all the Mantras; than all the lords of Devas; than all the Yogins; than all the renouncers; than all the Karmins (the performers of holy rites); than all the Dharmins (pious ones); than all the holy Jhdnins (wise ones and knowers). "May you be pure and holy". After saying this to the Daitya, the Devas went to heaven. After seeing and touching the Daitya, all people went to Hari's city (i.e. Vaikuntha). All the three worlds became vacant. The whole of the city of Yama became void. Thereafter, Yama went to Brahma- loka along with Indra and others. All the Devas displaced by Gayasura spoke to Brahma: "O Pitamaha, please take back the authority which has been given by you (to us)." Then Brahma spoke to the Devas: "We shall go to the immutable Visnu". Brahma and others said to Visnu: "Since the Asura has been granted the boon by you, all the people have been going to heaven by merely looking at him. All the three worlds have become void." On being informed thus by the Devas, Vasudeva spoke thus to god Brahma: Go and request the demon thus, 'Give your body for the purpose of YajnaV* Urged by Visnu, Brahma went there accompanied by the Suras and saw the great Asura. On seeing Brahma along with the Devas, the demon Gaya stood up and duly and devoutly worshipped them. My birth has become fruitful today. My penance has

हिन्दी अर्थ

विप्रचित्त की पत्नी तथा राहु की माता हुई। देत्यवर हिरण्यकशिपु ने परमकठोर तपस्या की । एक लाख वर्षों तक निराहार रहकर वह शिर को नीचे करके तपस्या में लीन रहा ।५८-६१। है विप्रवयव॒न्द ! देत्य हिरण्यकशिपु की इस घोर तपस्या से सन्तुष्ट होकर ब्रह्मा ने अपने वरदान से उस्ले प्रसन्न किमा, जिससे उसने सभी जीवों द्वारा मृत्यु को न प्राप्त करने अपने योगवल से देवताओं को भी पराजित कर देने तथा अमरो (देवताओं) के सभी धर्मों को प्राप्त करने का वरदान प्राप्त किया । इसके अतिरिक्त उसने यह वरदान याचता की कि सभी दानव एवं असुर भी देवताओं के समान ऐश्वयंशाली हो जाये. और मारुत (वायु) मैं जो महान ऐश्वयं है वह भी हमें प्राप्त हो ।” हिरण्यकशिपु की ऐसी वरदान याचना को सुनकर ब्रह्मा ने उसको मनः कामनापूर्ण की और उस दिव्य बरदानों को देने के उपरान्त वे वहीं अन्तहित हो गये । उस परमप्रभाव-

English

O Yogin, O knovver of all the ancillaries of Yoga, O master of all the worlds, O father, O preceptor, O Brahma, I shall carry out the work for which you have come. All the holy centres of the earth seen by me while wandering over it, are not as pure as your body, for the purpose of Yajna. Holiness of the body has been attained by you, thanks to the grace of Visnu. Hence, O Asura, give unto me your pure body for the purpose of Yajna. O lordofDevas, I am blessed since my body is being asked for by you. If you perform Yaga (sacrifice) over my body the Pitrs in my family shall be contented. After saying thus, during the Sveta Kalpa, the demon Gaya fell on the ground in a south-western direction on the mountain Kolahala. 1 Keeping his head in the north and the feet in the south, the Daitya (lay there). After collecting together all the requisi¬ tes, Brahma mentally created the Rtviks. They were: Agnis'arman, Ampta, Saunaka, Yan- jali, Mrdu, Kumuthi, VedakaundBya, Harita, Kasyapa, Krpa, Garga, Kausika, Vasistha, the unchanging sage Bhargava, Vrddha Parasara, Kanva, Mandavya, Srutikevala, Sveta, Sutala, Damana, Suhotra, Kanka, Laukaksi of huge mighty arms, Jaiglsavya, the Brahmana Dadhipaficamukha, Rsabha, Karka, Katyayana, Go- bhila the sage of great fierce rites, Supalaka, Gautama, Vedasi- rovrata, Jatamalin, Avyagra, Catuhasa the terrible, Atreya, The Brahmayoni hill in Gaya, including the hill called Mup<?apr?tha which contains the impressions of Gadadhara's feet De 20 i. After creating these and other leading Brahmanas, god Brahma, the grandfather of the worlds, performed the Yaga on the body of Gayasura. AgniSarma, without wasting his penance, created these five fires from his mouth: Daksinagni, Garhapatya, Ahavanlya, Satya and Avasathya. O celestial sage, the Yajnas are founded on these. To stabilise the Yajna, he gave Daksina to the Brahmanas. After performing the Purnahuti and taking the ablution of Avabhrtha, Brahma caused the sacrificial post to be brought along with the Suras and fixed it. The auspicious post was fixed in the Brahmasaras which is the most excellent of all lakes. Shaken and surprised, Brahma spoke to Dharmaraja: "There is a slab of stone in your house. Without hesita¬ tion bring it here at my behest and fix it on the head of the Daitya." On hearing it, Yama placed the slab on the head of the demon to keep him steady. Even when the slab was placed, the demon shook along with the slab. He spoke to Rudra and other Devas, "O Devas, you all stand steady on the slab". They said "Yes" and stood there (on it). The Devas pressed the slab with their feet (?) and noted that still the demon quaked. Then the distressed Brahma went to Visnu who was lying down in the ocean of milk. Bowing down and honouring the lord, he eulogised him. O Lord, O sovereign of the cosmic egg, I bow down to the lord of the worlds, the goal of persons possessing glory, the granter of worldly pleasures and salvation. Visvaksena spoke to Visnu,"O Lord, the lotus-born deity eulogises you". Hari said, "You bring him". Urged by Visnu, he brought him. Hari spoke to Aja (Brahma), "Tell me why you have come?" O Lord of Devas, when the Yaga was performed the demon Gaya moved even when the slab of stone of the form of the Devas was placed on his head. Even when Rudra and other Devas were stationed (over it) there, the demon quaked, O Madhava, be pleased to make it steady now. On hearing the words of Brahma, lord Hari pulled out a Murti (physical body/idol) from his person and gave it to Brahma to stop the restless quaking (of the demon). Bringing the idol with him, Brahma placed it on the slab of stone. Still the demon quaked, on seeing which, he (Brahma) invoked the lord again. Visnu came from the ocean of milk and stationed him¬ self on the slab, with the name of Janardana and Pundartka. The primordial Gadadhara (wielder of mace) himself stood there to steady the slab, for stabilising (Gaya or his body). For stabilising (Gaya or his body), Brahma divided himself into five, viz. Prapitamaha (Great-grandfather), Pitamaha (Grandfather), the master of Phalgu, Kedara and Kanakd- vara. Brahma as Vinayaka stood therein the form of an elephant. The Sun divided himself into three: Gayaditya, Uttararka and Daksinarka. Laksmi stood there in the name of Sita, Gauti in the name of Mangala and Sarasvatl stationed herself in the forms of the three, viz. Gayatii, Savitrl, and Trisandhya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शाली दंत्यहिरण्यकशिपु कौ प्रशंसा पुराने लोग इलोकों में गाया करते थे, जिसका आशय इस प्रकार है

English

Indra, Brhaspati, Pusan, the eight Vasus of great strength, Visvcdevas. thetwoAsvini Devas, Marnts, the leader of the universe and Devas along with the Yaksas, serpents, and Gandharvas remained there accompanied by their respective Saktis (powers). Since the Daitya was made steady by the primordial club and Hari stood there, he is famous as Adi-Gadadhara. 1 Gayasura spoke to the Devas, "Why have I been dece¬ ived? The pure body was given unto Brahma by me for the pur¬ pose of Yajiia. Would not have I been steady at the sheer ins¬ tance of Visnu? Etymology quoted in TSS ( Trislhalisetu ), Why have I been harassed by Suras and Hari by means of the club? May Devas be delighted for ever now that I have been tortured." Gadadhara and others were pleased. They all simul¬ taneously spoke to Gayasura, "Speak out (choose) a boon. We are all very delighted". Gayasura then spoke to Devas: "As long as the earth lasts, as long as the mountains, the Moon, the Sun and the stars remain, may Visnu, Brahma and Mahesvara stand on the slab along with all other Devas. Let the holy centre be named after me. The holy centre of Gaya shall extend to five krosas and Gayasiras to one krosa. Amidst them may all the holy centres grant welfare unto all men. By taking ablution etc. and performing Tarpana one should offer balls of rice. Then it is more fruitful. That man becomes a great soul and. uplifts a thousand members of his family. All of you, slay (here) for ever in manifest and un- manifest forms. May Gadadhara himself be the destroyer of all sins. May those on whose behalf the Sraddha has been perlormed and Pindas offered, go to lirahmaloka. May the sins due to p.rahmana slaughter etc. of those who report to this holy centre perish, May all the holy centres in heaven, firm?vinent and the earth such as Naimisa, Puskara, Ganga, Pravaga, Avimuktaka and others come here regularly, O Suras, and yield welfare unto all men. O hosts of Devas, of what avail is much talk. Unless one of you Devas stand (on this slab), I too will not be steady. This is the condition. Let it be strictly observed." On hearing the words of Gayasura, Visnu and other Suras spoke, "All that you have requested for shall undoubt¬ edly be granted. After worshipping our feet (all the devotees) will attain the great goal." When the boons were granted to him by Devas, the Daitya became delighted and remained steady. When Devas stood steady, the urborn deity (Brahma) gave unto Brahmanas fifty-five villages and the After giving away all these things and bowing to Adigadadhara Brahma went to Brahmaloka. The Brahmanas of Gaya officiated as priests of Dharma in his sacrifice at Dharmaranya and later begged him (for D'aksina). Out of covetousness they took monetary and other gifts at the sacrifice of Dharma. Brahma came there and cursed the Brahmanas. 1 "O Brahmanas even when everything had been given by me, you coveted for more. Hence you will always be burdened with debts. The river shall flow with water only (and not milk). The mountains of foodstuffs will turn into those of rocks. All the rivers shall flow with water and your houses will be of mud. Kamadhenu and the Kalpa-tree will come back to my own region." Cursed thus by Brahma all those Brahmanas imploringly said to the Unborn deity: "O lord, everything that had been given by you has gone off due to your curse. May you be kind enough to assign something for our livelihood". On hearing those words, the sympathetic Brahma spoke tjius to the Brahmanas: "As long as the Moon and the Sun shine, you will be maintaining your livelihood by means of (the earning at the) holy centres. Those meritorious persons who perform Sraddhas in Gaya will attain Brahmaloka. I will also always be considered worshipped by those who worship you." The stomach of the Daitya is overlapped by the mountain Viraja, the righteous. Near the well that forms its The story is repeated in N 44.16-18, A 36-38.