Book 1 - Adhyaya 33

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतस्मिन्नन्तरे रुद्रः सर्वदेवभवोद्भवः । विकृतं रूपमास्थाय पुरा दत्तवरस्तयोः आगच्छद्यत्र वै विष्णुर्विश्वात्मा परमेश्वर: । प्रसादमतुलं कर्तु ब्रह्मणश्च हरेः प्रभुः

English

Thereafter the lord was delighted and he blessed them. On listening to their eulogy he spoke thus: The brahmin who reads or listens to the hymn gloriticd by you all or narrates this to the brahmins shall attain leader- ship among my attendants,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः समेत्य तौ देवौ सर्वदेवभवोद्भवम्। अपश्यतां भवं देवं कालाग्निसदृशं प्रभुम् भवोऽपि भगवान् देवमनुगृह्य पितामहम्।

English

Hence no one shall censure the naked ascetic wlio is devoted to me, who expounds Brahman but who lichaves like children and mad people. Those devotees ol Mahadeva who are iiiteiestcd in applying ashes; who burn their sins through ashes; who are « "gaged in riicdiUtioii and carry out w'hiit has been laid (lf»w'n in the scriptures; who have perfect lonlrol over the sense- organs. who have sublimated their sexuality; who woiship the great lord with perfect verbal, mental and physical control; reach Rudra's w'(jrlJ aiul do not return then from. Heme this secret, sacred and diviiit* rite of the deity of manifest langa.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अशभ ककष क क फ कका काका फ फफ का क मीमी मी मी फी ची ची पी अफफफकफफफफफ + हँसकर ब्रह्माजीके भीतर प्रवेश किया। उन महात्मा ब्रह्माने भी उन्हें ग्रस लिया

English

No one shall laugh derisively at them nor shall he speak woids displeasing to them if he desires for welfaie here ami hereafter. The stupid man who ceiisuri's them, censmes the lord himself. He who worships them worsliips.iva. Thus, with a desire for the w« Ifare of the worlds, the gr eat lord sjiorts about as a great >ogin in evciy yuga, with ashes smeared all over hi

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्पश्चात् ब्रह्माजीने अपने भ्रूमध्यसे उन विष्णुजीको पुनः उत्पन्न कर दिया और इस प्रकार उनके द्वारा सुजित भगवान् विष्णु उन्हें देखकर उनके पास खड़े हो गये इसी बीच पूर्वकालमें उन दोनों ब्रह्मा, विष्णु. को वर देनेवाले सभी देवताओं तथा जगतूकी उत्पत्ति करनेवाले विश्वात्मा प्रभु परमेश्वर शिव विकृत रूप धारण करके ब्रह्मा एवं विष्णुपर महान् अनुग्रह करनेकै

English

O brahmins, the masculine principle is Purusha, born from my body. From these two alone proceeds my creation, O brahmins; of this there is no doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये जहाँ विष्णुजी थे, वहींपर आ गये इसके बाद उन दोनों देवोंने शिवजीके पास पहुँचकर कालाग्नितुल्य उन सभी देवताओं तथा जगतूकी उत्पत्ति करनेवाले महादेवका दर्शन किया

English

On hearing what was recounted thus, die delighted brahmins, began the ablution of lord Siva with pure scented waters with Kuia grass and flowers scattered therein. They poured water out of water jars. They sang various songs of esoteric meaning and produced huihkflras with sweet tones. Obeisance to the overlord of Devas; obeisance to the great lord, obeisance to one who shares half of body with his consort;•** obeisance to the initiator of Saiikhya and Yoga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन दोनों (ब्रह्मा, विष्णु)-ने दूरसे ही सम्मानपूर्वक उन शर्व (भक्तोंके पापोंका नाश करनेवाले), कपदी (जटाजूटधारी), उग्र तथा वर देनेवाले शिवजीको प्रणाम किया और पुन: वे उनकी स्तुति करने लगे जगतूके स्वामी भगवान् शिव पितामह ब्रह्मदेव तथा जनार्दन विष्णुपर अनुग्रह करके वहींपर अन्तर्धान

English

Obeisance to one who is black as a cluster of clouds. Obeisance to one wearing elephant's hide. Obeisance to one having deerskin for the upper garment; obeisance to one hav- ing serpent for the sacred thread. Obeisance to Siva with wonderful weH-arranged ear-rings; with well knit garlands and ornaments; to one with the fine lion skin as garb; obeisance to one of extensive reputation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विष्णुद्वारा महेश्वरके माहात्म्यका कथन तथा नारायणद्वारा सृष्टिका वर्णन गते महेश्वरे देवे तमुद्दिश्य जनार्दनः। प्रणम्य भगवान् प्राह पद्मयोनिमजोद्भवः

English

Then the delighted lord spoke to the sages — "O ye of good rites, I am delighted with your penance. Choose your boons." All those sages bowed to the lord. Then Bhrgu, Ahgiras, Vasistha, Vidvamitra, Gautama, Atri, Sukefa, Pula- stya, Pulaha, Kratu, Marici, Kayapa, Kanva and Saihvarta of great penance, spoke to the lord after paying due homage: "We wish to know the mystic secret behind the smearin g of ashes, nudity, indirectness (in worship) contrariety in the natural order,*®® the propriety of service or otherwise." On hearing their words the great lord looked at the excellent sages and said smilingly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीविष्णुरुवाच परमेशो जगन्नाथः शङ्करस्त्वेष सर्वगः। अहं वामाङ्गजो ब्रह्मन् शङ्करस्य महात्मनः । भवान् भवस्य देवस्य दक्षिणाङ्गभवः स्वयम्

English

See note 27. I shall recouit to you the whole story in a nutshell. I am Agni (Fire god) the creator of Soma and I am Soma that resorts to Agni.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नन्दीश्वर बोले--तदनन्तर महेश्वर महादेवके चले जानेपर ब्रह्माजीसे उत्पन्न भगवान् विष्णु पद्मयोनि पितामहको उद्देश्य करके प्रणामकर उनसे कहने लगे श्रीविष्णु बोले सर्वत्र गमनका सामर्थ्य रखनेवाले ये परमेश्वर ईश्वर जगन्नाथ महेश्वर शिव सम्पूर्ण जगतूके तथा हमदोनोंके शरण हैं

English

Agni carries what is consigned to it by way of Homa. Since it rests in the world, the universe consisting of the mobile and immobile beings is often burned by it. Everything reduced to ashes becomes excellent and sacred. With ashes Soma attains power and rejuvenates living beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हे ब्रह्मन्! मैं महात्मा शिवके वाम अंगसे जायमान हूँ तथा स्वयं आप महादेव रुद्रके दाहिने अंगसे उत्पन्न हुए हैं। अतएव इस विषयमें सम्यक् विचारकर ऋषियोंने मुझे प्रधान तथा प्रकृति एवं आपको अव्यक्त, अज तथा अव्यक्तमजमित्येवं भवन्तं पुरुषस्त्विति॥ ४ पुरुष कहा है

English

He who performs the rite of oblation into the fire'**®* as also the rite of 'Tryayusa'®®' is liberated from sins due to the virtue of ashes which constitute power. The word Bhasman is derived from 'bhas' to shine, bhasate-shines or from causal of 'bhu' to cause to reach, mpitor from *bhaks' to eat, «Trf?r; since it devours all sins it is called Bhasman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अध्याय ३८ विष्णुद्वारा महेश्वरके माहात्म्यका कथन तथा नारायणद्वारा सृष्टिका वर्णन १६९ फफाफफफफफफफफफफफफफफफ क नतं्न्‍न्‍्न्‍तत्ज्ाफफफफफ्फफफफफ्फफफफफफफफफफफफफफफऊफऊफक्फ रमकश फफफफफफफफफफफफफफफफफफफफीफकी £

English

The Pitrs drink fire; Devas drink Soma. 1 he entire universe of the mobile and immobile beings is ot the nature of Agni and Soma. I am Agni of great splendoui This great Uma is Soma. I am Agni and Soma together. I am Purusa as well as Prakrti.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमाहुर्महादेवमावयोरपि कारणम्। ईशं सर्वस्य जगतः प्रभुमव्ययमीश्वरम् इस प्रकार अविनाशी ईश्वर महादेवको हम भी कारण तथा सम्पूर्ण जगतूका स्वामी कहा गया है

English

Hence, O blessed ones! the ashes constitute my virility. I hold my virility by my physical body. This is the fact. Ever since then, protection is afforded by the ashes. At times of inauspicious events and even in lying-in chambers it is resorted to for securing protection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन देवेश विष्णुका वचन सुनकर उन पद्ययोनि ब्रह्माने भी वर प्रदान करनेवाले पूज्य महादेवको बार- बार प्रणाम किया तथा उनकी स्तुति की इसके अनन्तर वाराहरूप धारणकर जनार्दन विष्णुने जलसे व्याप्त भूमिको लाकर पुन: पूर्वकी भाँति स्थापित किया

English

One whose soul is purified by apph <ng ashes over the body, one who has conquered anger and the sense-organs, never returns after coming near me. Persons occupying different stages of life have been created by Brahma afterwards. This creation involving bash- fulness, delusion and fear has been evolved by me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्पश्चात् भगवान् विष्णुने नदियों, नदों तथा समुद्रोंको पहलेकी भाँति कर दिया। पुनः पृथ्वीको ऊँचाई एवं निचाईसे रहितकर भूधरकी आकृतिवाले उन भगवानूने उस समतल धरापर समस्त पर्वत स्थापित किये, भूलोक आदि चार लोक पूर्वकी भाँति रचे

English

Devas and sages are verily born nude. The other human beings are also born nude. A man may be clad in silken garments. But if his sense-organs are not in control he is naked. But if his sense- organs arc subdued he himself is well covered ( even if he does not put on clothes). The cloth is not regarded as the specific cause in these cases.***

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुनः बुद्धिमानोंमें श्रेष्ठ, प्रखर प्रतिभावाले तथा ऐश्वर्यसम्पन्न भगवान् विष्णुने मुख्य सर्ग, तिर्यक् सर्ग (पशुसर्ग), देवसर्ग, मनुष्यसर्ग, अनुग्रहसर्ग एवं कौमारसर्ग रचनेका विचार किया॥ १० /२॥ उन विष्णुने आरम्भमें सनन्द, सनक तथा महात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ सनातनका सृजन किया, जो निष्काम ज्ञानयोगमें प्रवृत्त होकर ब्रह्मस्वरूपको प्राप्त हुए॥ १९ /२॥ इसके बाद सबके स्वामी भगवान् विष्णुने मरीचि,

English

Forgiveness, fortitude, non-violence, detachment, equal reaction in regard to honour and dishonour — all these consti- tute excellent covering for the body. One who has laken holy bath of ashes, one who after smearing ashes over the body, mentally meditates on Siva, even if he has committed thousands of faults gets ail his sins washed by the ash-bath in the manner as the fire burns the forest. He who strenuously takes holy bath of ashes thrice a day would attain the status of the lord of Ganas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संकल्प, धर्म तथा अधर्मको योगविद्यासे रचा । अव्यक्तजन्मा ब्रह्माकी ये ही बारह संतानें हैं॥ १२-१३/२॥ शाश्वत विष्णुने आरम्भमें ऋभु तथा सनत्कुमारका सृजन किया। पूर्वमें उत्पन्न वे दोनों कुमार ऊध्वरेता, दिव्य, ब्रह्मवादी, सर्वज्ञ, सभी प्रकारके भावोंसे सम्पन्न तथा ब्रह्माजीके ही सदूश थे

English

Those who perform sacrifices,**® observe holy rites and meditate on the great lord with devout feelings about the divine sports of the lord, attain immortality by passing through the noble northern path. Those who resort to the cremation ground, by means of the southern path, attain the eight perfections: Anima: Garima, Laghima, Prapti, Kamavasayita, Prakamya, Hitva Varitva and also immortality (in the end).** Mark the contribution of ethics to the *aivite cult«

हिन्दी अर्थ

हे शिलाद! इस प्रकार मुख्य आदि सर्गोको सृष्टि एवं मुख्यादिकान् सृष्ट्वा पदायोनिः शिलाशन करके विश्वकी रचना करनेवाले पद्मयोनि (विष्णु) -ने युगधर्मानशेषांश्च कल्पयामास विश्वसृक् ॥ १६ समस्त युगधरमाँको प्रतिष्ठित किया वरेण्यं वरदं रुद्रमस्तुवत्प्रणनाम च

English

The eight siddhis (attainments of supernatural power) comprise (i) anima (the power of becoming as small as an atom), (ii) laghima (the faculty of assuming excessive lightness at will), (iii) piapti (the powei of obtaining everything), (iv) prakamya (irresistible will) (v) mahima (the power of increasing one's size at will), iiitva (supremacy), (vii) vaitva (the power of subduing all to one's own will) and viii) kamavUsayita (the He should meditate on the vrata of Pa£upati ( Siva ) that IS destructive of all sms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नदीनदसमुद्रांश्च पूर्ववच्चाकरोत्प्रभुः । कृत्वा चोर्वी प्रयत्नेन निम्नोन्नतविवर्जिताम् भूराद्यांश्चतुरो लोकान् कल्पयामास पूर्ववत्

English

O sage of holy rites, how did Dadhica strike king Ksupa with his foot after conquering Vi;9u, the lord of Devas in battle? How did that sage of great penance attain adaman- tine bones firom lord Siva? O Nandin, please recount how Death was conquered by you. There was a king of great splendour known as K$upa. He ytras the son of Brahma. He, the lord of the people, was the friend of Dadhica, a leading sage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्रष्टुं च भगवान् चक्रे मतिं मतिमतां वरः। मुख्यं च तैर्यग्योन्यं च हैविकं मानुषं तथा सनातनं सतां श्रेष्ठं नैष्कर्म्येण गताः परम् मरीचिभूग्वद्गिरसं पुलस्त्यं पुलहं क्रतुम्

English

In course of time, incidentally a dispute arose between Ksupa and 'Dadhica as to who was the better — a K$atriya or a Brahmin. (K$upa said) The king holds the physical body of the eight guardians of the quarters.**' Hence I am Indra, Agni, Yama, Nirrti, Varuna, Vayu, Soma (Moon), and Dhanada (Kubera, the lord of wealth). I am livara (overlord). I should not be dishonoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सङ्कल्पं चैव धर्म च ह्यधर्मं भगवान् प्रभुः द्वादशैव प्रजास्त्वेता ब्रह्मणोऽव्यक्तजन्मनः। ऋभुं सनत्कुमारं च ससर्जादौ सनातनः

English

O sage of holy rites, that deity (i. e. the king) is The king embodies the essence of eight lokapSlas — the guardian deities presiding over the quarters, viz. (1) Indra, east; (s) Agni, south- east; (3) Yama, south; (4) Sdryii — south-west; (5) Varuoa, west; (6) "Vayu, north-west; (7) Kuvem, north; (8) Soma, north-east. As such, he is a divine being. He is authorized to maintain the system of four varnas and Airamas. But none of thesacred texts — irutis and smrtis— empowers him to rule over the Br&hmana varna. Cf. G. Dh. S. raja sarvasyesfe brah- mana-varjam.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तौ चोर्ध्वरेतसौ दिव्यौ चाग्रजौ ब्रह्मवादिनौ। कुमारौ ब्रह्मणस्तुल्यौ सर्वज्ञौ सर्वभाविनौ सत्ययुग, त्रेतायुग तथा द्वापरयुगका वर्णन, द्वापरमें वेदसंहिताके विभाजनका एवं कल्पभेदसे विविध पुराणोंके अनुक्रमका वर्णन

English

Formerly, he was born in the world of Brahma when Brahma sneezed. He was urged by the thunderbolt- wielding Indra to perform a task. He obtained the thunderbolt as a reward for his task. Out of his own will, he became a human, being and afterwards a king. The powerful king then conquered the leading brahmin like the powerful Indra himself, full of tamas qualities. When struck by the thunderbolt me leading brahmin fell on the ground. Out of sorrow he remembered sage Bhargava. Bhargava, the best among the embodied beings, came there and by his yogic power he stitched the body of Dadhica who had been struck by the thunderbolt. After stitching the severed body Bhargava said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुत्वा शक्रेण कथितं पिता मम महामुनिः । पुनः पप्रच्छ देवेशं प्रणम्य रचिताञ्जलिः ॥ भगवन् शक्र सर्वज्ञ देवदेवनमस्कृत।

English

O highly blessed Dadhica, worship Siva, the un- sullied lord of Devas, worthy of worship by Brahma and others* O brahmin sage! by the grace of the three-eyed lord, you become immortal. O brahmin, this pow'r of resuscitating one to life has been obtained from him by n# i There is no fear, anywhere, from death for the devo- tees of Siva. I shall now tell you Siva's Mantra that revives one to life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युगधर्मान् कथं चक्रे भगवान् पदासम्भवः। व्याजहार यथादृष्टं युगधर्म सुविस्तरम्॥

English

Cf. Manu: I 7 *®* After hearing his words Dadhica propitiated Siva by means of penance and attained adamantine bones, indestructi- bility and absence of affliction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ध्यानं परं कृतयुगे त्रेतायां यज्ञ उच्यते। पादावशिष्टो भवति युगधर्मस्तु सर्वतः

English

Having obtained indestructibility and adamantine bones Dadhica hit the king severely on the head with the lip of h;s foot. King Ksupa, in return, hit Dadhica in his chest with his thunderbolt. But by the grace of lord Siva the thun- derbolt \v<is rendered inefIK live. It < j • not injinc Dadhica the great soul of adamantine body. On seeing the greatness and oower of Dadhica by way of indcstructibiliiy and unalflictcd state, Ksupa propitiated the lOtus-cycd lord Visnu, the younger bmihcr of Indra. TS. I.9.6.2. cr. I