Book 1 - Adhyaya 116

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, वह विद्वान्को भी दुराचरणकी ओर खींच

English

One should keep oneself far away fi om a false wife» a deceitful friend, a tyrannous king, a dbobedient son, a defiled daughter and a turbulent territory. Blessed are they who do not witness the destruction of their family, min of their lands, the sexual dalliance of their wives with other men and the iniamous indulgence of their sons in vice. None can be delighted with their vicious sons; how can one feel a thrilling rapture in the company of a disloyal wife? There is no question of confiding in a deceptive friend and no peaceful life is possible in a trouble*!nfested land. Food doled out by others, money robbed from others, defiling of another man's bed, sexual dalliance with another man's wife and a residence in another man's house will strip even Indra of his glory« Sin spreads from znan to man slowly by conversation, mutual touch, frequent association, taking food together, sitting together, lying together, and travelling together. Women perish due to their beauty, penance due to fury, the way due to an undue length and pious brahmin by taking 8udra*s food# There are many defects in fondling and many benelits in thrashing. Hence, a disciple and the son arc to be thrashed, not fondled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मात्रा स्वस्त्रा दुहित्रा वा न विविक्तासनो वसेत्। बलवानिन्द्रियग्रामो विद्वांसमपि कर्षति॥

English

Base men desire strife, the middling desire rcconcilia* tion and the noble desire high honour. Verily, honour is prized by the great as the greatest asset. The base and the mean desire For riches; the middl¬ ing desire for riches and honour and the excellent desire for honour. Verily, honour b an asset of the great. In the forest, the lions do not bend their ears (in supplication); even when they are hungry they do not look to a share. Men of noble birth never stoop to meanness, even when they are deprived of their wealth. Five incongruent things that we meet in the world are:—the poverty of the benevolent the opulence of the miser, disobedience in a ton, compulsion to serve a wicked man and death of penons engaged in helpisig othen. There arc five things which burn without fire:— Separation from wife; insult from kins» balance of debt yet to be discharged, service to a tow and base master and desertion of friends in poverty. Among the thousand worries that agitate the mind four arc very severe—nay, they arc the sharp edges of a sword:—Insult at the hands of a low bom person, the starving wife, cold reception by the beloved, and harassment from brothers. The five uproot all miseries:—An obedient son, a remunerative knowledge, freedom from sickness, the companion* ship of the good and a loving wife surrendering herself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हे शौनक! उपयुक्त अवसर न होनेसे, एकान्त स्थान न होनेसे तथा प्रार्थचिता व्यक्तिके सुलभ न होनेसे ही स्त्रियोंमें सतीत्व पाया जाता है । जो मधुर पदार्थोसे बालकको, विनम्रभावसे

English

The deer, the elephant, the moth, the honeybee and the hsh—these five are destroyed due to addiction to their five sense-organs. Five types of brahmins, though as learned as Brhas* pati arc never honoured:—the impatient, the harsh, the hau* ghty, the ill-clad and the uninvited. Help rendered to those who suffer when climbing a mountain, from imminent drowning in water, attack of cows and bulls, seizure by the wicked and a spiritual fall are very commendable. These five are never stable or long-standing r—the shadow of clouds, pleasant attitude of a wicked inan; intimacy with another man's wife, youth and riches. Days and nights in the garb of old age traverse the earth. Death swallows the living beings like the serpent taking in air. If our activities while walking or standing, waking or sleeping are not for the service of fellow beings they are not different from beast! al actions. He who has not earned spotless reputation for valour, austerity, charity, learning or acquisition of wealth is but an ex¬ crement of his mother.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सज्जन पुरुषको, धनसे स्त्रीको, तपस्यासे देवताको और सद्व्यवहारसे समस्त लोकको अपने वशमें कर लेता है, वही पण्डित है। जो लोग कपटसे मित्र बनाना चाहते हैं, पापसे धर्म कमाना चाहते

English

Days come and go to a man devoid of virtue, wealth and love. Although he may breathe, his life is like that of the bellows of the blacksmith. Contemptible wretches fulfil their own wants; a mouse*! handful is just enough to 611 it; a contemptible wretch though dissatUBed will be contented with something small. These six are like bubbles:—the shadow of clouds, fire made with dry grass, service to the base, water on the sur* face of the road, the love of a prostitute and the pleasant man« ners of the wicked. The world cannot be pleased by a person who creates a caravan with words. Lite is rooted in honour; if honour is slighted how can one derive pleasure? Asa man proceeds ahead with his study of Sdstras his intellect becomes sharper and perfect knowledge appeals to him. As a person goes ahead devoting his mind and atten* tion to the welfare of others, everyone becomes attached to him and he becomes popular* A person perishes due to the three—greed, grave error and implicit confidence. Hence, these shall be avoided.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं, दूसरेको संतप्त करके धन-संग्रह करना चाहते हैं, बिना परिश्रमके ही सुखपूर्वक विद्या-अर्जन करना चाहते हैं और कठोर व्यवहारके द्वारा स्त्रियोंको वशमें रखनेकी अभिलाषा रखते हैं, वे

English

Balance of debt undischarged, remnant of fire not put out and sickness partially cured increase steadily. Hence, eie remnants shall be avoided. Repay good action by goodness and violence by A friend who speaks sweet words in our presence and spoils our work behind our back should be avoided. Avoid an enemy using foul means. Even a good man perishes by his association with the wicked. Even a clear water is rendered muddy by its mixing up with dust. Food taken in, after brahmins have been fed, is the real food; he is intelligent who commits no sin; that is friendship which manifests itself behind our back; that is the real sacred rite which is perfonned without ostentation. One should cast off honour and love where love is extinct; Only that is praiseworthy the core of which is held in esteem. No attempt should be made to trace the origin of rivers Agnihotra wonhippers and the family of Bharata. Such an attempt is bound to fiitl.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पण्डित (कुशल) नहीं हैं । फलको इच्छा रखनेवाला मनुष्य यदि फल- समन्वित वृक्षका ही मूलोच्छेद कर डालता है तो वह दुर्बुद्धि है। उसे फल कभी नहीं प्राप्त हो सकता।

English

Riven end with the sea of salt*water; sexual inter* course ends with the treachery of the woman; back*biting ends The prosperity of a kingdom comes to an end with the curse of a brahmin; the spiritual power of a brahmin comes to an end with his sin; all decency in conduct of life comes Co an end if residence is taken near cowsheds; the family is ruin* ed if women rule. Ail hoarded things end in wastage, rising in power comes (0 an end in downfall; all contacts and intimacies come to an end in separation and disintegration; life comes to an end with death. If one wishes the return of the guest he shall not be followed very far at the time of farewell. He can be followed upto a pond or well or a tree with plenty of shade and colour¬ ful leaves. One shall not reside in a land where there is no lea¬ der or where there are many leaders or where the leadership is vested in a woman or in a child. The father protects her in childhood; the husband in youth and the son in old age. A woman is not to be allowed to stay independently. A barren woman shall be abandoned in the eighth year after marriage; a woman whose children die in infancy shall be abandoned in the ninth year; a woman who gives birth only to daughters shall be abandoned in the eleventh year; and a woman who speaks unpleasant words shall be abandoned immediately.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अविश्वसनीय व्यक्तिका कभी विश्वास नहीं करना चाहिए। मित्रका भी अधिक विश्वास नहीं करना चाहिए; क्योंकि कदाचित् क्रुद्ध होनेपर मित्र भी समस्त गोपनीयताको प्रकट कर सकता है—

English

Three persons beyond the pale of money stick to their lords. One who b not in want; one who is afraid of men; one who is afraid of servants. An intelligent man must keep aloof from these:—the exhausted horse, the elephant in its rut, cows in their first parturition, and frogs outside water. Those who are mad after money do not have friends or kinsmen; those who are lustful and lecherous know no feat or shame; those who are worried with anxious thoughts have no pteasu£.e or sleep and those who are oppressed by hunger do not want even salt or warmth id the food. How can these have peaceful sleep?—the poor» the slave the man fond of another man*# wife and the wretch who wants to rob another man of bis wealth. Blissfully sleeps the man who has no debts to repay and who is free from sickness. He who is not yet married, takes his food leisurely. The sun and Varupa (water) befriend the lotus when it stands Arm in its place; they make it fade and putrefy if it is uprooted.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न विश्वसेदविश्वस्ते मित्रस्यापि न विश्वसेत्। कदाचित् कुपितं मित्रं सर्व गुह्यं प्रकाशयेत्॥

English

Those who had been friends of a man in high office become enemies when he steps down from the office. The sun delightfully causes the bloom of the lotus in water but when it is plucked and put on the ground the sun dries it up. Things in their proper places and persons in their respective offices are honoured. Away from their original places neither hair nor the nails, neither the teeth nor men shine or receive consideration. Manners and behaviour indicate parentage; manner of speech and accent indicates the native place; flutter up indicates affection and the physical build indicates the diet accustomed to. Contortions in the face, low sunk husky voice, perspi- ration all over the body and a frightened appearance—these are the signs usually seen at the time of death and in regard to a man out to beg. The life of a worm in the person of the beggar or that of one blown by the wind over his head is better than the life pf beggar himself. The lord of the world Visnu himself when he begg* ed suffered dimunition of stature. Who is there superior to him who can be a suppliant and yet not suffer disrespect I'he parents by whom children are not educated are no better than enemies. The uneducated can never shine in an assembly of the learned like cranes amidst swans.