Book 1 - Adhyaya 97

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्राद्धके एक दिन पूर्व ब्राह्मणोंको निमन्त्रित करना चाहिए । निमन्त्रित ब्राह्मणोंको उस दिन संयम रखना चाहिए । श्राद्ध-दिवसके पूर्वाहुकालमें उपस्थित उन ब्राह्मणोंको आचमन कराकर आसनोंपर

English

He should understand the meaning of Vedic passages and the various $astras. He should go to the temple of God for the acquisition and preset vation of his desired objects. For Candelas and crows, cooked rice should be strewn on the ground. Cooked rice should be offered with water every day to the manes and human beings. Only after feeding the boys should he take in made« rate quantities w'holesome food after due digestion. The earlier part of tlie meal and the later one should be taken after drinking water. The food should be taken tn relishingly in a covered place. Charity should be given according to capacity to the guests and to people of all castes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बैठा दे। विश्वेदेव अथवा आभ्युदयिक श्राद्धके लिये दो ब्राह्मण तथा पितृपात्रके स्थानपर यथाशक्ति ब्राह्मणको बैठाना चाहिए अथवा इनमें दो ब्राह्मणोंको विश्वेदेवपात्रके आसनपर पूर्वाभिमुख तथा तीन

English

No such thought shall be entertained as 'This guest is not worthy of bowirtg to", "This is the same as that one" with regard to guesu. Even by reducing other expenses, alms sliould be given to mendicants and persons of good rjtes« He shall avoid the misuse of speech, hands and feet and over-eating. When the guest and the Vedic Scholar are fully Satiated he sliall accompany them up to the boundary of the village. Usury, agriculture, trading and cattle-breeding arc the duties of a vaisya. The duties of a iudra arc service to the twice-born. A twice-bom shat! never neglect sacrifice. The common qualities of the castes for the preser¬ vation of virtue constitute non-violence, truthfulness, non> stealing, purity, control of sense-organs, control of the mind, patience, straightforwardness, libera 1-mi tided ness, equality and activities devoid of crookedness or deceit (roguery). Those who have food-grains in stock lasting for more than three yean can perform the Soma sacrifice and drink the Soma juice. Those who have in stock food-grains lasting for a year shall perform the preliminary rites of Soma sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणोंको पितृपात्रके आसनपर उत्तराभिमुख अथवा दोनों (देव-पितर)-के लिये एक-एक ब्राह्मण आसनपर बैठाना चाहिए। इसी प्रकार मातामहादिके श्राद्धमें व्यवस्था करनी चाहिए और मातामह-

English

Every year, he shall perform the rites of Soma Sacri¬ fice as well as Pasupratyayana, GrahaneHi nd Caturmksya rites carefully. If these rites are not possible, the twice-born shall perform the sacrifice Vaiiv&narl. No sacrifice shall be per¬ formed with deficiency in the materials used. If the full com¬ plement of the materials are duly uKd, the sacrifice becomes fruitful. A person sustaiiung himself by gleaning rice grains has a better spiritual life than the one with a day's supply. He in turn is better than one with three days* supply. He is still better than one with a pot, fiiU o( grain who is himself better than one with a granary under his command. A brahmin never craves for wealth that would inter¬ fere with his daily study of the Vedas. He should not seek it

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्राद्धमें विशवेदेव-सम्बन्धी कृत्य अलग-अलग या एक साथ किया जा सकता है।

English

Name of the three sacrifices, vis., Vtniftapnihds and A householder should preferably wear a white cloth. Hair, moustache and nails shall be kept always clean. He should not take food unless supervised by his wife. He should never speak unpleasant words. He should always be humble with the sacred thread on. While going round the idols in a temple he should hold the holy staff and water pot. He should never pass urine in riverbeds, shady groves, ashes, cowsheds, running water, facing fire, sun, moon, cows, water, women and brahmins, or at the evening hours. He should never gaze at fire, sun, a nude woman, a woman engaged in the sexual act, wine, faeces, etc. He should never sleep with his head to the west.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसके बाद ब्राह्मणोंको हस्त-प्रक्षालनके लिये जल (हस्तार्घ्य) और आसनके लिये कुश प्रदानकर उन्हींकी आनुज्ञासे 'विश्वे देवास०' इस मन्त्रसे विश्वेदेवका आवाहन करके भोजन-पात्रमें यव

English

He should never spit in water nor pour blood, urine, faeces or poison in water. Feet should not be shown to fire for warming, nor should be jump across fire. He should not drink water off his cupped palms nor should be waken up a sleeping person. He should not gamble with dishonest gamblers nor should he share the bed with a sick person. All adverse activities should be eschewed. So also the smoke from a funeral pyre, river binks, che burning hair and husk and its ashes. He should never sit on a broken jar. He should never pull a suckling cow, never enter a place except by the proper door. He should never accept bees from a miserly king decrying scriptures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विकोर्ण करे। तदनन्तर पवित्रकयुक्त अर्घ्यपात्रमें “शं नो देवी०' इस मन्त्रसे उसमें जल तथा "यबोऽसि०' मन्त्रद्वारा यव डालकर “या दिव्या०'

English

(There are thirty seven Anadhyfiya days (Holidays for Vedic Study) when any one of these—a disciple, a precept At the Sandhya hours, when thunder rumbles, when there is an earthquake, fall of a comet or a meteor, Vedic recital should be stopped and Aranyaka portion is read. The eighth, fourteenth and fificcnth days of the lunar half month, the eclipse days, the junctions of Rtus (sea- sons) and after taking a meal or accepting fees in a Sraddha, When the sound of the barking dogs, howling jackals, braying asses, hooting owls, crying children or groaning sick patients is heard (Vedic Study is stopped). Where there is excreta, dead body or a Sudra nearby or cremation ground or a fallen sinner (cessation of Vedic study). In an unclean place, on the highway, when there is thunder and lightning, when the man is having the hand still wet after taking meab, in the middle of two watery places, in the middle of the night or when there is a sandstorm (Anadhyaya).

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्पश्चात् अपसव्य होकर पितरोंको अप्रदक्षिण (वाम)-क्रमसे स्थान (कुशरूपी आसन) प्रदान करे और (आसनके लिये मोटकरूप) द्विगुणित कुश देकर 'उशन्तस्त्वा०' मन्त्रसे उन पितरोंका

English

When the quarters burn (when the sun blazes), when dust is raised during snowfall, when the preceptor is running, when there is foul smell of something rotting, when a 'very important person'' visits the house, When mounting a mule, camel, cart, elephant, horse, boat, tree or a hill. These are the thirty seven Anadhya- yas or cessation of Vedic Study for special reasons for the nonce. Brahmins Serpents, Ksatriyas and the Atman should never be slighted. Leavings of food partaken, excreta, etc. should*be kept far even from the extremity of the foot. The acts enjoined by Vedas and Sniftis should be performed in faith. No one should be hit in vulnerable parts. No one should be censured or beaten. Only a son and a disciple can be beaten-

हिन्दी अर्थ

आवाहन करे। उसके बाद पितृ-स्थानपर विराजमान ब्राह्मणको आज्ञा लेकर ' आयन्तु नः पितरः० ' इस

English

All virtues should be practised; nothing contrary to thcin. A householder should never have verbal disputes with hi8 mother, father or a guest. Without offering the five pindas he shall not take bath in another man's pond or well. A bath is better taken in a river, fountains and natural puddles and eddies. The use of another man's bed and personal belong¬ ings should be avoided. Unless there is d anger to life, food offered by a miser, enemy or a man without sacred fire should be refused. Among Sudras, these persons can serve ibod:— Dasas, Gopalas*, Kulamitras, Ardhaslrins, Napita and one who has dedicated himself to the task. Food cooked a day before can be taken if it has

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृकार्यमें यवके स्थानपर तिलोंका प्रयोग करना चाहिए और तिलके साथ उन पितृगणोंको पूर्ववत् अर्घ्यादि प्रदान करे। उन अर्घ्यों ( अर्घ्यपात्रों) - के संस्रव (ब्राह्मणके हाथमें दिये गये अर्घ्योदकका

English

Perhaps a fiiheman. A cowherd. A barber. Milk of a carnet, a single-hoofed animal (such as mare) and that of women should be avoided. The flesh of carnivorous animals, birds, Datyuha (gallinule), and parrots should be avoided.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नीचे गिरा हुआ जल)-को पितृपात्रमें रखकर और दक्षिणाग्र कुशस्तम्बको भूमिपर रखकर उसके ऊपर 'पितृभ्यः स्थानमसि० ' इस मन्त्रके द्वारा उक्त अर्घ्यपात्र (पितरोंके वामभागमें) भूमिपर उलटकर

English

By eating garlic and onion one becomes sinful and as atonement one should perform Cindr&yana. If one takes meat after worshipping deities and manes in Sr&ddha one does not acquire sin. If one kills animals otherwise (and eats their flesh) he will fall into hell and remain there for as many days as there are hairs on that animal. Eschewing flesh a devotee attains God Hari after due prayer. O good Sirs, I shall now expound the process of cleaning articles. Articles such as gold, silver, pearls, Saflkha, ropes, leather (?) seats (wooden) and vessels are cleaned with water. Vessels made of brass, lead and copper are cleaned by arid solution or tamarind water. Iron and bell metel vessels are cleaned by ashes and water. A vessel not known to be impure is pure. A piece of flesh dropped down by a dog, a capdla or a carnivorous animal is naturally pure. The sun's rays, fire, the shadow of a goat or a cow, the ground—all these are naturally pure.