Book 1 - Adhyaya 90

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुवाच देवं प्रणिपत्य देवी

English

Henceforth, I shall mention decisively the mode of expiation by asectics. This is recounted by Siva and it makes adequate atonement for the sins of ascetics. Sins are of three types: those originating from speech, mind and body. It is by these that the universe is en- compassed always, by day and by night. "Without activities the world cannot be sustained even for a moment", says the sacred Sruti. It is the only instrument that is conducive to longevity and sustenance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उद्यानं दर्शितं देव प्रभया परया युतम्। क्षेत्रस्य च गुणान् सर्वान् पुनर्मे वक्तुमरहसि वक्तुमर्हसि देवेश देवदेव वृषध्वज

English

It is only to the unerring that the yoga becomes accessi- ble. Indeed, yoga is the greatest strength. There is no otlier auspicious thing for men that is greater than yoga. He shall perform Pranayama and observe the rite Santapana. Then with great concentration and attention at the end, he shall perform the Krcchra® rite in accordance with the direction. Again the Bhiksu shall return to the hermitage and perform the rite alertfully. Learned men say that a virtuous falsehood does not injure one. Still it should not be pursued. Its mere context is terrible. The expiatory rite is fasting for a night and a day and a hundred Pranayamas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देव्यास्तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा देवदेवो वरप्रभुः। आघ्राय वदनाम्भोजं तदाह गिरिजां हसन्

English

ST, supplies prajapatyam with krechram. For detail, sec note 6a. iSruti says that there is no evil greater than stealing. What is mentioned as ''stealing" is a great violence that is inseparable from it. What is named "wealth" constitutes the external vital airs (Pranas). Hence, he who takes away the wealth of anyone really takes away the vital airs of that person. A person who is wicked in mind becomes one who has transgressed the bounds of good conduct by doing so (i.e. by stealing). He becomes one who has fallen down from his holy rite. He shall repent for it again and again and perform the rite of Candrayana®' for a year in accordance with the injunctions laid down in scriptures. So says Sruti. At the end of the year he shall eliminate all his sins. The Bhiksu shall then alerifully repent and perform the rites.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वेषामेव जन्तूनां हेतुर्मोक्षस्य सर्वदा अस्मिन् सिद्धाः सदा देवि मदीयं व्रतमास्थिताः । नानालिङ्गधरा नित्यं मम लोकाभिकाङ्क्षिणः

English

He is freed from that sin by the observance of Prajapatya and Krcchra. In regard to other transgressions whether mental, verbal or physical he shall consult good men and perform what they lay down. CandrSyana: See note 61. One shall view a lump of clay and gold alike and par- form the rites. He shall be pure and clean. He shall have great concentration and attention in regard to all living beings. By living thus he attains that stable, unchanging and great abode from where he is not born again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नानावृक्षसमाकीणें नानाविहगशोभिते ४०

English

Henceforth, I shall mention the Aristas (the phenomena that indicate misfortune and even death); understand them. It is by means of this special knowledge that the yogins visua- lise death. He who is not able to see Arundhati (a constellation among the Pleiades) Dhruva (Pole star), the shadow of the moon and the Mahapatha (Milky Way) shall not live more than a year. He who sees the sun without rays and the fire with rays will not live beyond the eleventh month.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्सरोगणगन्धर्वैः सदा संसेविते शुभे रोचते मे सदा वासो येन कार्येण तच्छणु। मन्मना मम भक्तश्च मयि नित्यार्पितक्रियः

English

He who dreams that he vomits, passes urine and eva- cuates stools in the form of gold and silver shall not live full ten months thereafter. He who sees a gold-coloured tree, the Gandharva city, (i.e. the hallucination of an imaginary city), ghosts and spirits shall live only for nine months. He who becomes stout or lean all of a sudden, i.e., he who thus moves away from his nature shall live only for eight months.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा मोक्षमवाप्नोति अन्यत्र न तथा क्वचित्। कामं ह्यत्र मृतो देवि जन्तुर्मोक्षाय 'कल्पते

English

He whose footprint appears split in front or behind in the dust or in mud lives only up to seven months. If a crow, or a dove, or a vulture or any other bird of prey perches on one's head, one shall not survive six months. He who goes in the company of rows of crows or of a dust storm, he who sees his own shadow in a deformed state shall live only for four or five months.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मादयो विजानन्ति ये च सिद्धा मुमुक्षवः विमुक्तं न मया यस्मान्मोक्ष्यते वा कदाचन

English

He who sees lightning in a spot that is not the sky and the lightning in the southern direction or he who sees the rain- bow in the water shall live for only one or two months. If one is not able to see oneself either in water or in the mirror or if he sees it devoid of the head he will not live beyond a month. If the body emits the odour of a dead body or of fat, his death is imminent. He will not live beyond a fortnight.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुष्पोंसे इन देवदेव शंकरको भक्तिपूर्वक अलंकृत किया

English

If immediately after the bath the heart appears to dry up or smoke is seen coming out of the head, he will not live even for ten days. If the bursting wind pierces the vital parts, if the hairs do not stand on their ends on being sprinkled with water, his death is imminent. If one dreams of going towards the southern direction in a chariot to which monkeys and bears are yoked, and sings and dances in the meantime, it should be known that death is imminent.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदनन्तर उस अत्यन्त रम्य उद्यानको देखकर आह नन्दी आदि गणेश्वरोंके साथ देवताओंके लिये पूज्य देव

English

If in the dream, a singing dark-complexioned woman who wears black clothes leads a person to the southern direc- tion he will not live long. If a man sees a slit in his own neck in the dream, or dreams of a naked sramana (Buddhist recluse), know that death is imminent. 'The person sinks into the ocean of mire upto the head*. On seeing a dream like this, he ceases to live immediately.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शंकर-को पूजा करके और उन्हें प्रणामकर देवी पार्वती कहने लगीं

English

A person who sees ashes, burning coal, hairs, dry river, and serpents in dream does not live for ten days thereafter. He who is beaten in dream by dark-complexioned hideous persons with arms lifted up or hit by stones, ceases to live immediately. If jackals howl directly at a person early in the mor- ning, at sunrise, that person's days are numbered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीदेवी बोलीं--हे देव! आपने परम शोभासे युक्त उद्यानको मुझे दिखाया; अब आप इस क्षेत्रके समस्त गुणोंको मुझे बतानेकी कृपा करें। है देवेश! हे देवदेव! है वृषभध्वज! आप इस अविमुक्तक्षेत्रका माहात्म्य पूर्णरूपसे बतायें

English

If the heart is excessively pained immediately after the bath and there is a morbid sensitiveness in the teeth one can say that he is sure to die. If a person is extremely frightened whether at night If one sees the rainbow at night or the cluster of stars during the day and is unable to see himself in the eyes of others, he ceases to live.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सूतजी बोले--हे ऋषियो! तब देवीका वह वचन सुनकर देवदेव श्रेष्ठ प्रभु उनके मुखकमलको सूँघकर हँसते हुए पार्वतीसे कहने लगे

English

If one of the eyes begins to water, if the ears arc dis- lodged and if the nose becomes bent in dream the man is sure to die soon. If the tongue becomes black and rough, if the face be- comes red like lotus, and if the cheeks develop red fleshy swelling, his death is imminent. If a man with dishevelled hair were to come face to face in the southern direction, singing, laughing and dancing, his life ends with that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीभगवान् बोले- वाराणसी नामक यह मेरा नित्य गुह्यतम क्षेत्र है; यह सर्वदा सभी प्राणियोंके मोक्षका हेतु है है देवि! इस क्षेत्र-में सिद्ध लोग सदा मेरे ब्रतमें स्थित रहते हैं और मेरे लोकको अभिलाषा करनेवाले लोग नित्य अनेकविध लिङ्गोंको धारण किये रहते हैं। अनेक प्रकारके वृक्षोंसे युक्त, अनेक प्रकारके पक्षियोंसे सुशोभित, कमल तथा उत्पलके पुष्पासे सम्पन्न सरोवरोंसे अलंकृत और अप्सराओं तथा

English

If the body is frequently pale, white in colour with the lustre of white clouds or like white mustard his death is imminent. If one dreams that camels and donkeys are yoked to chariots they are inauspicious. If the chariot is seen going towards the southern direction he will cease to live. The following dreams indicate that death is im- minent:— Any two of the previous portents occurring simultane- ously, not hearing noise in the ear, not seeing lustre in the eye, falling into a pit, inability to rise up from the pit and closing of a door.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गन्धर्वोसे सेवित इस शुभ क्षेत्रमें युक्तात्मा जितेन्द्रिय लोग श्रेष्ठ योगका अभ्यास करते हैं

English

These are signs of imminent death: The eyes are turned upwards, they are not steady, they are red, they revolve, there is dryness in the mouth, there is a hole in the umbilicus and the urine is excessively hot. The person is indeed in difficulties. Whether during day or night if a person is directly killed but he does not sec the murderer his life is extinct. He will cease to live. If at the end of a dream, a man sees that he enters fire and does not remember it at all, his life ends with that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हे देवि! जिस कारणसे मुझे यहाँ निवास करना अच्छा लगता है, उसे सुनो। मुझमें अपने मनको स्थिर रखनेवाला तथा मुझमें सदा सभी क्रियाएँ अर्पित करनेवाला मेरा भक्त जिस प्रकारका मोक्ष यहाँ प्राप्त करता है, वैसा अन्यत्र कहीं भी नहीं। है देवि! यहाँ मरनेवाला प्राणी मोक्ष प्राप्त करता है। मेरा यह पुर दिव्य, गुह्यसे भी गुह्यतम तथा महान् है-इसे ब्रह्मा आदि, सिद्धगण तथा मुक्तिके इच्छुक लोग जानते हैं।

English

If a man sees his own white blanket as a black one, in the course of the dream or as a red one, his death is imminent. If the portents are indicated in the body and that time of deatli has arrived, the intelligent man shall eschew sorrow and dejection and treat it with indifference. With cleanliness and purity he shall set off in the direction of east or north. He shall sit in a steady level ground in a secluded spot devoid of creatures. He shall sit facing the east or the north and perform the rite of acamana. He shall sit in the posture of Svastika and bow to Mahevara. The body, the head and the neck shall be erect like a lamp in a wind- less spot. He shall be steady without flickering. He shall not look at anything else while practising Dharana (Retention).

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतः यह परम क्षेत्र मेरी परम गति है। मैंने कभी भी इसका त्याग नहीं किया है और न तो कभी इसका त्याग करूँगा, अतः मेरा यह क्षेत्र अविमुक्त कहा गया

English

The knower of scriptures shall practise yoga in the spot facing the north-east. He shall restrain lust, doubt, pleasure, happiness and misery mentally and only concentrate on clean meditation. He shall meditate on the nose, tongue, eyes, skin, ears and mind. He shall retain them in the intellect and chest. After realising the time and actions he shall retain these parts of the body in the groups perpetually. This retention of the twelve parts of the body is called yogadharana. The man shall perform hundred or fifty such Dharanas on the head. If he becomes exhausted due to the practice of Dharana, the wind begins to function upwards. He shall fill the body with the wind along with the Oihkara. The yogin identifying himself with Oihkara shall merge himself in imperi- shable being. He shall become imperishable thus. This should be known as having three Matras (units), the consonant in it is the deity. The first Matra is Vidyuti (pertaining to lightning). The second is Tamasi [having Tamo-Guna].

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैमिषे च कुरुक्षेत्रे गङ्गाद्वारे च पुष्करे॥ स्नानात्संसेवनाद्वापि न मोक्षः प्राप्यते यतः। प्रयागे वा भवेन्मोक्ष इह वा मत्परिग्रहात्। प्रयागादपि तीर्थाग्र्थादविमुक्तमिदं शुभम्

English

The third is Nirguna (devoid of attributes). It covers up the imperishable Being. It should be known as Gandhari too, because it originates from the Gandhara note (the third of the seven primary notes of Indian Gamut). When the Oihkara that is uttered recedes to the head The yogin identical with the Oihkara becomes identi- cal with the imperishable Being. Pranava is the bow, Atman is the arrow and Brahman is the target. It should be pierced by one who does not err. He shall be concentrated I"

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मस्योपनिषत्सत्यं मोक्षस्योपनिषच्छमः। क्षेत्रतीर्थोपनिषदं न विदुर्बुधसत्तमाः

English

The letter "A" should be known as Aksara (Imperish- able); the letter "U** is then along with it. Including the letter The letter "A** is the Bhurloka; the letter "U** is Bhuvarloka, the letter "M'* is Svarloka. The Om represents the three worlds. Its head is the Heaven. All the worlds constitute its limbs (body). Its feet are constituted by Brahmaloka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामं भुञ्जन् स्वपन् क्रीडन् कुर्वन् हि विविधाः क्रिया: । अविमुक्ते त्यजेत्प्राणान् जन्तुर्मोक्षाय कल्पते कृत्वा पापसहस्त्राणि पिशाचत्वं वरं नृणाम्।

English

Rudra's world is the foot of the Matra, Siva's region is devoid of Matras (i.e. above them). It is with this special knowledge that, that region is worshipped. Hence, the devotee shall be interested in meditation. Indeed that imperishable Being devoid of Matras, should be assiduously worshipped by one who wishes for permanent happiness. The first Matra is a short, the next one is long; the third Matra is Pluta (prolated vowel). These Matras should be known in their proper order. They are to be retained only as long as it is possible.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तु शक्रसहस्रत्वं स्वर्गे काशीपुरीं विना

English

He who always meditates on the sense-organs, mind and intellect in the Atman and listens to even half a Matra shall attain its benefit. Thanks to that Matra, one attains the merit which a person attains by a horse-sacrifice every month, continuing it for a hundred years. Neither by a severe penance nor by sacrifices with plenty of gifts can that merit be obtained which is perfectly obtained by means of the Matra. The householder yogins shall practise only that Matra which is taught as Pluta (Prolated Vowel).

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात्संसेवनीयं हि अविमुक्तं हि मुक्तये। जैगीषव्यः परां सिद्धिं गतो यत्र महातपाः कैवल्यं परमं याति देवानामपि दुर्लभम्

English

This Matra alone comprises the eightfold Aiivarya beginning with Anima.®*® Hence, O brahmins, be in commu- nion with it. O brahmins, he who knows and realises the Atman obtains everything. He shall be endowed with yoga.**® He shall be pure. He shall subdue the sense-organs. He shall control them. Hence, the learned man shall contemplate the Atman by means of the yoga pertaining to Paupati. Those who know the Atman are certainly pure beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अव्यक्तलिङ्कैर्मुनिभिः सर्वसिद्धान्तवेदिभिः। इह सम्प्राप्यते मोक्षो दुर्लभोऽन्यत्र कर्हिचित्

English

It is through the knowledge of yoga that the brahmin, thinker on spiritual topics, attains the Rk, Saman, Yajur mantras, in fact all the Vedas and the Upanisads. He becomes identical with all Devas and devoid of all elements. He gets rid of the necessity of passing through wombs and attains the perpetual region. Just as the ripe fruit falls off the tree on being tossed about by the wind, so also sin perishes by the grace of Rudra. Where the obeisance to Rudra yields the benefits of all Karmans, one shall not attain those benefits through the obei- sance to the other deities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कषेत्रसंसेवनादेव गणेशत्वमवाप ह इहैवाराध्य मां देवि सिद्धि यास्यत्यनुत्तमाम्

English

Hence, the yogin shall worship Mahe vara repeat- ing the Pranava twice. He who enlarges the scope of the Vedas ten times more by elaborating the Vedic texts shall meditate and then forsake the body. He uplifts three generations and attains Sayujja salvation with iSiva. Or after seeing any evil portent and when the time of death has arrived the man shall go to Avimuktesvara in Varanasi and perform the expiatory rite. Somehow the man shall abandon his body there when, O leading brahmins, he is liberated. The man may abandon his body on the mountain, Sriparvata.®*® He attains identity with Siva. No doubt need be entertained in this regard. Avimukta is a greatest shrine always bestowing salvation on the creatures. The intelligent man shall resort to it always especially when death is imminent. ST. defines 'yoga-jnSnam' as yoga-yuktam jfianam' i. e. know- ledge joined with meditation. Yoga is the means for the attainment of right or perfect knowledge *yogo hi jfiana-shanam.*