Book 1 - Adhyaya 32

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगदीश्वर भगवान् विष्णुके होते हुए भी वे मदसे उन्मत्त होकर उनका भजन नहीं करते हैं) । सबका धारण-पोषण करनेवाले जगदीश्वर भगवान् अच्युतकी आराधना किये बिना संसार-सागरमें डूबे हुए

English

Thus all the creatures curbed and controlled by their respective Karmas (Actions, the fruit whereof they have to reap) enjoy the pleasures of their Puias (merits) in heaven and other places of merits and undergo extremely painful sufferings, as the result of their sins, in helb. With the residue of their dwindled Karmas, they come to this world. They are bom as immobiles and other beings infested with all fearsome things and subject to the harassment of death. Trees, bushes, creepers twining plants, grass and the mountains are well known as Sthdoaras (Immobile beings). They are enveloped by great delusions. In the course of their state of being immobile (the development is as follows): The seeds sown in the ground become well cooked (as it were) through the reproductive faculty (that had been dormant) immediately after being watered. They become swollen and assume the form of the main shoot and its root. It germinates into a sprout from which the leaves, stem and tubular vessels develop. Buds come out from the stalk and blossom into flowers. Among the flowers some do not yield fruits. Some of the flowers produce fruits. When the flowers mature the chaffs develop at their bottoms. Thanks to the residual impressions of the Karmans of the living beings destined to enjoy, the cool snowy beams of the moon and the lymphatic juice of herb plants penetrate the husks and the chaffs. They assume milklike form and in course of time become grains. Thanks to the dor¬ mant impressions of destiny for enjoyment belonging to the living beings, they fructify in the course of a year (the crop is ready for reaping the harvest).

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य कैसे पार जा सकेंगे ? अच्युत, अनन्त और गोविन्द--इन नामोंके उच्चारणरूप औषधसे सब रोग नष्ट हो जाते हैं। यह मैं सत्य कहता हूँ, सत्य कहता हूँ । जो लोग नारायण ! जगन्नाथ ! वासुदेव !

English

In the course of their state of life as immobile beings that continues for a long time, they experience misery in many ways. For example, they are munched and crunched by monkeys and other animals; they are cut off by men; they are destroyed by forest fire; they endure chilliness, scorching Then they take to PaJuyoni (birth as animals). They are agitated and tormented forcibly. They suffer immense agony in vain. They are overwhelmed with htmger. They perpetually move about in the forests. They are afflicted with passionate sensual attachment even to their mothers. They undergo many sufferings due to gusts of wind, etc. During some births they are herbivorous. During other births they are carnivorous, some swallowing even fecel matter; some live subsisting on bulbous roots, fruits and roots. They are bent upon inflicting pain on weaker animals. They too suffer miseries. In their state of oviparous living beings (i.e. birds), they take in gaseous, flesh, fecal and other matter, they are prone to injure others and they themselves suffer. After being bom as domestic beasts (such as cattle) and other animals, they endure all sorts of miseries such as separation from their own kindred, bearing heavy loads, bondage in nooses and tethers, hitting with whips, etc., dragging the ploughs and similar agonies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बड़े कष्टकी बात है, बड़े कष्टकी बात है कि यह जनार्दन! आदि नामोंका नित्य उच्चारण किया जीव इस शरीरको नाशवान् समझकर भी धर्मका करते हैं, वे सर्वत्र वन्दनीय हैं। देवर्षे ! दुष्ट चित्तवाले

English

After wandering thus through various births, they gradually attain hiunan life. Some of than enter human life as a result of special merit.* As human beings too, they suffer no less when they are born as cobblers, C&iiUaSy hunters, barbers, washermen, potters, blacksmiths, goldsmiths, weavers, tailors, Siddhas with matted hair, launderers and dyen, scribes and painters, ser¬ vants, errand boys, menial servants, slaves, indigent fellows etc.* Some have sturplus limbs while others are wanting in some limbs (and. physically handicapped). Their distresses are numerous. They suffer fix>m fever, phlegmatic attack, enlarge¬ ment of the spleen, pain in the legs, eyes, head, sides and womb and other distress as well.* In the birth as human beings (there are other sufferings

हिन्दी अर्थ

२. काममूलमिदं जन्म काम: पापस्य कारणम्। यश:क्षयकर: कामस्तस्मात्तं परिवर्जयेत्॥ समस्तदुःखजालानां मात्सर्य॑ कारणंस्मृतम्। नरकाणां साधनं च तस्मात्तदपि संत्यजेतू॥

English

The semen virile becomes a foetus within five days of the entry of the soul. Within half a month it becomes a fieshy man. Within a month it attains the size of a PradeSa (the ■span measured with the forefinger and the thumb). From that time onwards it begins to move within the belly of the mother, thanks to the action of the wind. Although it has no consciousness, it is unable to stay in one single place within the belly of the mother, due to the unbearable heat and pain. *'Alas I am extremely sinful. In my previous birth I was too fond of servants, children, friends, womenfolk, houses, fields, wealth, grains, etc. In order to maintain my wives (and others) I used to rob others of their wealth, fields, etc. in their very sight. Since I was blind due to lust, I had abducted other men's wives. Thus, I have committed many sins. As a result of it I underwent sufferings in hells. I was then bom as immo¬ bile being and experienced great miseries. Now, enveloped in this embryo, I bum within myself as well as without.*

हिन्दी अर्थ

४. अच्युतानन्तगोविन्दनामोच्चारणभेषजातू । नश्यन्ति सकला रोगा: सत्यं सत्यं वदाम्यहम्॥

English

The wives and others maintained by me have gone elsewhere according to their own Kamos. Due to that sin, I bum within myself ehveloped by this (outer skin of the) embryo. Formerly, I had been distressed by jealousy on seeing another man*s wealth and glory. Even now, the sinner that I am, 1 am beiz burned by the fire (heat) of this womb. I had inflicted pain on others physically, mentally and verbally. I am being burnt by that sin. I am lonely and extremely distressed."

हिन्दी अर्थ

फिर संसार-रूप अग्रमिमें जला हुआ कौन मानव उनकी पूजा नहीं करेगा? मुनिश्रेष्ठ! विष्णुभक्त चाण्डाल भी भक्तिहीन द्विजसे बढ़कर है। अतः काम, क्रोध आदिको त्यागकर अविनाशी भगवान्

English

O sage Narada, at the time of the confinement of his mother, the soul within the womb is afflicted by the wind. Urged by his Karmas he is forced out through the vaginal pas¬ sage. Inflicting pain on his mother also, he simultaneously experiences all tortures. The external wind enlivens him. Immediately after the contact with the external wind, he loses all his memory. He experiences bodily pains, etc. of various types and he docs so only through subservience to others. It is impossible for him to ward off even the flies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नारायणका भजन करना चाहिए। उनके प्रसन्न होनेपर सब संतुष्ट होते हैं; क्योंकि वे भगवान् श्रीहरि ही सबके भीतर विद्यमान हैं। जैसे सम्पूर्ण स्थावर-जड़म जगत् आकाशसे व्याप्त हैं, उसी

English

After becoming a slightly bigger boy he experiences all these things:—He is beaten by his mother, father and pre¬ ceptor. He gets the habit of listless wandering here and there. He plays about in dust, ashes and mud. He is always quarrel¬ some. He is dirty. He engages himselfin many futile tasks. When those do not fructify he feels sorry. Thus, he undergoes sufferings. Then in his youth (he experiences various other suffer¬ ings:) there is misery in earning wealth; there is misery in preserving what is earned. He is very miserable when the earned wealth is lost or spent. The young men are deluded by Maya; their minds are defiled by lust and fury and similar emotions; they are always engrossed in jealousy, and in devising means of knocking off other men's wealth and abducting other men's wives; they are always worried over the ways of suste¬ nance for their sons, friends and wives; they are puffed with vain arrogance. When their sons or other kinsmen are bed¬ ridden due to ailments, they cancel all their engagements and sit beside the patients. They are too remorseful and begin to muse as follows: No action regarding the house, fields, etc. has been contemplated by me. How is the increasing family to be maintained?

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकार इस चराचर विश्वको भगवान् विष्णुने व्याप्त कर रखा है। भगवान् विष्णुके भजनसे जन्म और मृत्यु दोनोंका नाश हो जाता है। ध्यान, स्मरण, पूजन अथवा प्रणाममात्र कर लेनेपर भगवान् जनार्दन

English

I have no capital with me. We do not get timely showters of rain. Where has the horse run away? How is it that my kinc have not yet returned? My enemies rush at me. How can I conquer them? I am incompetent to pursue any vocation. These guests have come now i Thereafter, he becomes incapable of even making any movement of (drawing back) his hands and feet. He is- surrounded by weeping kinsmen. He is unable to speak. His worry now is, "to whom will the wealth earned by him go?". Tears begin to well up in his eyes and cloud them. There is a snorting-like sound in his throat. The vital breaths leave off his body. He is then rebuked by the emissaries of Yama. Bound and fettered by them, he falls into the hells as before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवके संसारबन्धनको काट देते हैं। ब्रह्मर्ष! उनके नामका उच्चारण करनेमात्रसे महापातकोंका नाश हो जाता है और उनकी विधिपूर्वक पूजा करके तो मनुष्य मोक्षका भागी होता है। ब्रह्मन्! यह

English

Just as metals are cast into fire and blown with the Those men who are devoid of knowledge are said to be brutes. Hence, for the liberation from worldly existence, one shall practise perfect knowledge. Alas! even when Narayana, the lord of the universe, the bestower of all desired benefits, stands by, men devoid of perfect knowledge are cooked in the hells!

हिन्दी अर्थ

बड़े आश्चर्यकी बात है, बड़ी अद्भुत बात है और बड़ी विचित्र बात है कि भगवान् विष्णुके नामके रहते हुए भी लोग जन्म-मृत्युरूप संसारमें चक्कर काटते हैं'। जबतक इन्द्रियाँ शिथिल नहीं

English

Ignorant persons enveloped by great delusions, consider this.transient body permanent—the body that exudes fecal matter and urine. Those who arc richly endowed with spiritual know¬ ledge, those who are engaged in the worship of Hari attain the greatest abode, a return from which is difficult to get. An echo of Manu XII.54 ff & Y&jflavalkya III.206 ff. Curiously enough here, both Manu and Yajftavalkya are textually very similar to each other pointing thereby to an earlier common source.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होतीं और जबतक रोग-व्याधि नहीं सताते, तभीतक भगवान् विष्णुकी आराधना कर लेनी चाहिए। जीव जब माताके गर्भसे निकलता है, तभी मृत्यु उसके साथ हो लेती है। अत: सबको धर्मपालनमें

English

The ancient theory of evolution. Before a Jlba reaches the stage of human beings they undergo the following stages of evolution: immobile beings, trees, grass animal-world (wild beasts) oviparous beings and domestic animals -*■ human being. The idea that people are bom in lower castes as a result of their sins in previous birth u traceable to the Dhantta Sutra period. Thiu Apastamba (Dh. S. II. 1.2.6-7) states that after undergoing the torments of the hell, the sinner is bom as a GindA> Paulkasa and Vaina and outcaste. Gf. Manu's explana¬ tion for birth as a goldsmith (Manu XII.61). Since ancient times diseases are believed to be the consequences of sins. Thiu Vifpu Dh. S. Ch. 45, Manu XI.49-52, Satatapa I. 3-11, Gautama (versi¬ fied Smrti) Gh. 20 (to mention a few) state the diseases and bodily defects from which sinners suffer after they are bom as men. Not that all of these authors agree in their pronoimcements of such defects and diseases as the result of a particular sin. Thus Brahmana-slaughter causes leprosy according to Vasi;tha 20.44 but Phthbis according to Manu XI.49, Yajhavalkya III. 209 Vijiianesvara in MitdkfarH on Yajnavalkya III. 216 gives a list of births in lower species and diseases and deformities suffered for various sins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लग जाना चाहिए। अहो! बड़े कष्टकी बात है,

English

O excellent sage, scries of actions are being performed by living beings every day and are enjoyed also. How can they {Karmas) be destroyed? The embodied soul takes up the body as a result of his Karman\ he is bound by lust. As a result of lust he is over¬ whelmed by avarice and avarice makes him prone to anger. Due to anger, Dharma perishes and the destruction of Dharma leads to misapprehension. A man of confused intellect commits sin again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्योंकी कितनी भारी मूर्खता है कि वे अपने हृदयमें विराजमान भगवान् विष्णुको नहीं जानते हैं। मुनिश्रेष्ठ ! नारद ! सुनो, में बार-बार इस बातको दुहराता हूँ, भगवान् विष्णु श्रद्धालु जनोंपर ही

English

Well done, O highly intelligent one, well done. Your mind is noble and free of impurities, since you desire to know from us the means of liberation from the misery of worldly existence. O strict observer of religious vows, indeed, it is only that Deity who is the bestower of salvation—the deity at whose behest Brahma creates the entire universe; Hari protects it and Rudra annihilates it. Know Vi?nu* to be the bestower of salvation. He is Narayana free from ailments. Thanks to his prowess, arc bom the principles beginning with Ahartikdra (the Ego) and ending with Viiefa (particularities).

हिन्दी अर्थ

संतुष्ट होते हैं, अधिक धन और भाई-बन्धुवालोंपर नहीं। इहलोक और परलोकमें सुख चाहनेवाला मनुष्य सदा श्रीहरिकी पूजा करे तथा इहलोक और परलोकमें दुःख चाहनेवाला मनुष्य दूसरोंकी

English

All this (visible universe) consisting of the mobile and immobile, is not different from him. One is liberated from misery of seoAsdra by meditating on the mighty Lord, devoid of old age. Verily they call him the Liberator (lit. the means of liberation from SaAsdra) one above modifications and aberra¬ tions, who is unborn, the purest, the self-luminous, the unsullied embodiment of perfect knowledge and of eternal bliss. Those who have conquered their Prlbas (vital breaths), those who have controlled their diet, those who are always absorbed in meditation, see him in their hearts. Know him to be the Reality that accords happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निन्दामें तत्पर रहे। जो देवाधिदेव भगवान् जनार्दनकी भक्तिसे रहित हैं, ऐसे मनुष्योंके जन्मको धिक्कार है। जिसे सत्पात्रके लिये दान नहीं दिया जाता, उस धनको बारम्बार धिक्कार है। मुनिश्रेष्ठ! जो

English

At the end of the Kalpa, he withdraws everything and lies down on the cosmic water. Sages, the perceivers of the truth, call Visu, the bestower of salvation. The KarmajHas (the knowers of the path of Karmans), who know the meanings of the Vedic passages, worship him through various kinds of sacrifices. He alone is the bestower of the fruits of holy rites to them and salvation to those who perform holy rites without desire of their fruits. They call him the lord, the bestower of salvation— the lord who is unmanifest and who partakes of oblations (offered in sacrificial fire) by assuming the forms of deities and the oblation of food and other offerings to the manes by assum¬ ing the forms of Pitrs (ancestors).*

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरीर भगवान् विष्णुको नमस्कार नहीं करता, उसे पापकी खान समझना चाहिए। जिसने सुपात्रको दान न देकर जो कुछ द्रव्य जोड़ रखा है, वह

English

One should worship that merciful Lord who on being meditated upon, or bowed to or worshipped with devotion, bestows the permanent abode (Mokfa). That immutable Hari, the Supreme Person, the only O leading sage, after worshipping his lotus-like feet, the embodied souls immediately attain to immortality (i.e. Moka). They know him to be the Supreme Person.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकमें चोरीसे रखे हुए धनकी भाँति निन्दनीय है। संसारी मनुष्य बिजलीके समान चञ्लल धन- सम्पत्तिसे मतवाले हो रहे हैं। वे जीवोंके अज्ञानमय पाशको दूर करनेवाले जगदीश्वर श्रीहरिकी आराधना

English

They know him to be one without a second, devoid of attributes, non-dual and matchless, eternal, incomparable and perfect embodiment of knowledge. He is the deity who enables one to achieve salvation. The Yogin who always worships this Supreme entity of such a nature, through the rites of the Yogic path, attains the greatest region. The Yogin who has eschewed all contacts and associa¬ tions, who is endowed with ama (self-control) and other good qualities and who is devoid of lust and similar bad qualities attains the highest region.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैवी और आसुरी सृष्टिके भेदसे सृष्टि दो प्रकारकी बतायी गयी है। जहाँ भगवान्की भक्ति (और सदाचार) है, वह हैवी सृष्टि है और जो भक्ति (और सदाचार)-से हीन है, वह आसुरी

English

Those who ponder over the meanings of principles (or the Reality) say that the greatest salvation is attainable through perfect knowledge. This perfect knowledge has its root in devotion. Similarly this devotion is engendered in those persons who perform holy rites. When all the sins are quelled, the intellect becomes free from impurities. That same intellect is declared by wise sages by the word JrUbta (knowledge). They say that knowledge bestows salvation. It is the Yogins who acquire that knowledge. Yoga is said to be of two kinds, differentiated by holy rites and by perfect knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सृष्टि है। अतः विप्रवर नारद! सुनो, भगवान् विष्णुके भजनमें लगे हुए मनुष्य सर्वत्र श्रेष्ठ कहे गये हैं; क्योंकि भक्ति अत्यन्त दुर्लभ है। जो ईर्ष्या और द्वेषसे रहित, ब्राह्मणोंकी रक्षामें तत्पर तथा

English

The jMna Toga (path of knowledge) cannot be accom¬ plished without the Kriyd, Toga (path of holy rites). Hence, one who is engaged in the Kriyd Toga should worship Hari with deep faith. With devotion the following idols of Keava are to be worshipped; the idols termed as Dvija (Brahmana), BhUmi (Earth), (fire), Surya (Sun), Ambu (Water) Dhdtu (metals or the essential ingredients of body), Hrt (the heart) and Citra (Picture). Hence, becoming completely averse to (i.t. abstaining absolutely from) indicting pain on others in thought, word and deed, one, endowed with devotion, should worship Lord Visnu who pervades everything.

हिन्दी अर्थ

काम आदि दोषोंसे दूर हैं, उनपर भगवान् विष्णु संतुष्ट होते हैं।

English

The following good qualities are common to both types of Yogas—viz. nonviolence, truthfulness, absence of anger, celibacy, non-acceptance of gifts (and non-possession of pro¬ perty), absence of jealousy and mercifulness. Firmly determining mentally that "the eternal Visnu is identical with the universe consisting of the mobile and immobile beings", one shall practise the two types of Yogas. The learned men who consider all living beings their own Atman realise the supreme nature of the discus-bearing lord of Devas (viz. Visnu).

हिन्दी अर्थ

बेदमालिको जानन्ति मुनिका उपदेश तथा वेदमालिकी मुक्ति

English

If a person full of envy and jealousy becomes absorbed in austerities, worship and meditation, his austerities, worship and meditation—everything is futile. Hence, a man, eagerly engaged in practising the good qualities of (self-control), etc. and who is absorbed in Kriyd-Toga should duly worship Visnu who is the Soul of all (and is one with them), for the purpose of liberation (from Sarhsdra), If a person interested in the welfare of all worlds, mentally, verbally and physically, devoutly worships the lord of Devas, it is called Kriyd Toga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीसनकजी कहते हैं--नारद ! जिन्होंने योगके द्वारा काम, क्रोध, मद, लोभ, मोह और मात्सर्यरूपी छ: शत्रुओंको जीत लिया है तथा जो अहड्ढारशून्य और शान्त हैं, ऐसे ज्ञानी

English

The person who eulogises through hymns, etc. Lord Narayana, the source of the origin of the universe, Vi§nu, Hari, the immanent soul of everyone, through hymns, etc., he is called, a Karma Togin. The worship of Visnu through flowers, etc., by means of observance of fasts, etc. as well as listening to Purdas (and other forms of devotion), etc., is declared as Kriyd Toga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महात्मा ज्ञानस्वरूप अविनाशी श्रीहरिका ज्ञानयोगके द्वारा यजन करते हैं । जो ब्रत, दान, तपस्या, यज्ञ तथा तीर्थस्नान करके विशुद्ध हो गये हैं, वे कर्मयोगी महापुरुष कर्मयोगके द्वारा भगवान्

English

All the sins accumulated in the course of previous births of those who are devotionally attached to Visnu and whose minds are absorbed in Kriyd Toga perish completely. In the company of saintly persons who are adepts in the interpretation of scriptural texts, the intelligent man shall deeply ponder over what is permanent and what is non-perma- nent in the world consisting of the mobile and immobile beings. All the sense objects are evanescent. Only Hari is eternal. One should eschew the non-eternal objects and resort only to the eternal one (viz. Hari).

हिन्दी अर्थ

अच्युतका पूजन करते हैं। जो लोभी, दुर्व्यसनोंमें आसक्त और अज्ञानी हैं, वे जगदीश्वर श्रीहरिकी आराधना नहीं करते। वे मूढ़ अपनेको अजर- अमर समझते हैं; किंतु वास्तवमें मनुष्योंमें वे

English

He should also be unattached to the pleasures of this as well as of the other world. He who is not detached becomes involved in the cycle of worldy existence. Never can he be severed from the bond of worldly -existence,—the man who is passionately attached to non-eternal objects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कीड़ेके समान जीवन बिताते हैं। जो बिजलीकी लकीरके समान क्षणभरमें चमककर लुप्त हो जानेवाली है, ऐसी लक्ष्मीके मदसे उन्मत्त हो व्यर्थ अहंकारसे दूषित चित्तवाले मनुष्य सब

English

O Brahmans if any one realises this that N&riyana abides pervading the universe consisting of the perishable and. the imperishable, they say, it is the knowledge arising from Yoga. Henceforth, I shall recount the means for the acqui¬ sition of Yoga, the means that makes this metempsychosis, recede. The knowledge that is pure is Yoga. The wise know that this knowledge is the bestower of salvation. O excellent sage, when the non-difference between the individual soul and the Supreme Soul is realised, the bonds of the Apara Atman (the lower i.e. the individual soul) are snapped.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकारसे कल्याण करनेवाले जगदीश्वर भगवान्

English

That attributeless great Atman has no function or rite- to perform. It has neither form nor colour. It is neither an agent nor an enjoyer. O Brahmana, the universe appears to be of diverse kinds to those who arc devoid of perfect knowledge. To those endowed with the supreme (spiritual) knowledge, it is one with the greatest Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विष्णुकी पूजा नहीं करते हैं। जो भगवद्धर्मके पालनमें तत्पर, शान्त, श्रीहरिके चरणारविन्दोंकी सेवा करनेवाले तथा सम्पूर्ण जगत्पर अनुग्रह रखनेवाले हैं, ऐसे तो कोई बिरले महात्मा ही

English

The only greatest bliss, the attributeless one, the greater than the greatest, the unchanging one, appears to be assuming many forms due to difference in perception. O excellent one among the Brahmanas, people per¬ ceive difference in the Parama Atman due to the Maya of the wielder of the Maya. Hence a Mumukfu (one desirous of libe¬ ration) should eschew the Maya through the Yogic power. O excellent sage, the Yogin must destroy ignorance through Yoga. The Yoga is achieved through eight ancillaries. I shall mention them factually.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैवयोगसे उत्पन्न हो जाते हैं। जो मन, वाणी और क्रियाद्वारा भक्तिपूर्वक भगवान् विष्णुकी आराधना करता है, वह समस्त लोकोंमें परम उत्तम, परम धामको जाता है। इस विषयमें इस

English

The Tamos (Restraints) are in brief the following: Ahirhsd (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (non-steal¬ ing), Brakmacarya (celibacy), Aparigraha (non-acceptance of Abstention from inflicting pain on all living beings is called Ahirhsi (Non-Violence) by good men. It is the bestower of Yogic achievements.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं, जिसे पढ़ने और सुननेवालोंके समस्त पापोंका नाश हो जाता है।

English

O excellent sage, statement of the actual fact after discriminating between Dharma (righteousness) and Adharma (unrighteousness), they call Satya (truth). Now listen to Asteya (non-stealing). Taking away the wealth of others through force or stealth is called Sta (stealth) by good men. The opposite of the same is non-stealing (Asta). Eschewal of sexual intercourse in regard to every¬ one is glorified as Brahmacarya (celibacy). Due to the abandon¬ ment of celibacy, even a person endowed with knowledge, becomes a sinner.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नारदजी ! प्राचीन कालकी बात है। रैवतमन्वन्तरमें वेदमालि नामसे प्रसिद्ध एक ब्राह्मण रहते थे, जो वेदों और वेदाड्रोंके पारदर्शी विद्वान् थे। उनके मनमें सम्पूर्ण प्राणियोंके प्रति दया भरी हुई थी।

English

He who professes to be one refraining from intimate contact with all, but continues to indulge in sexual intercourse, should be known as one on a par with a Candala. He is excommunicated from all castes. O Brahmana, if anyone engaged in the practice of Yoga harbours a craving for sensuous objects, other men are affected by the sin of Brahmahatyd (Brahmana-slaughter) even by talking to him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे सदा भगवानूकी पूजामें लगे रहते थे; किंतु आगे चलकर वे स्त्री, पुत्र और मित्रोंके लिये

English

If a person who eschews all intimate contacts resumes the contacts once again, one attains the defect of a great sin {Mahdpdpa) even by means of contact with those who touch O leading sage, non-acceptance of moneys even in emergencies, is called Aparigraha. It leads to the achievement of Yogic power. If as a result of one's own superior position one indul¬ ges in harsh speech, knowers of Dharma call it Krodha (fury). Akrodha is its opposite.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेमें संलग्न हो गये। जो वस्तु नहीं बेचनी चाहिए, उसको भी वे बेचने लगे। उन्होंने रसका भी विक्रय किया। वे चाण्डाल आदिसे भी बात करते और उनका दिया हुआ दान ग्रहण

English

Severe heart-bum and mental agony that one suffers, on seeing others superior to him in wealth, etc. is called AsUyd (jealbusy) by good men. Its abandonment is AnasUyatd (absence of jealousy). O Narada, the most excellent among enlightened ones, the Yamas (Restraints) have thus been succinctly

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते थे। उन्होंने पैसे लेकर तपस्या और ब्रतोंका विक्रय किया और तीर्थयात्रा भी वे दूसरोंके लिये ही करते थे। यह सब उन्होंने अपनी स्त्रीको संतुष्ट करनेके लिये ही किया। विप्रवर! इसी

English

Austerities, self-study (of Vedas), contentment, purity (cleanliness), worship of Hari and the offering of Sandhyd. prayers—these are mentioned as main observances (Myomas)}' Even without the (other ancillaries of) Yoga, men's sins are quelled through Sv&dhydya. On being propitiated through Svddhydyas, the deities become delighted. If the respective meanings of the series of syllables, (in the Mantra) are pondered over, that Japa is said to be Mdnasa (mental). It bestows all Yogic achievements.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तरह कुछ समय बीत जानेपर ब्राह्मणके दो जुड़वे पुत्र हुए, जिनका नाम था-यज्ञमाली और

English

The deity becomes delighted with one who eulogises continuously through Japa. Hence, one who is richly endowed with the practice of Svddhydya realised all his desires. Satisfaction with obtaining what comes sponta¬ neously is called Santofa (contentment). A disgruntled man does not get pleasure anywhere.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन दोनों बालकोंका बड़े स्नेह और वात्सल्यसे अनेक प्रकारके साधनोंद्वारा पालन-पोषण करने लगे। वेदमालिने अनेक उपायोंसे यत्रपूर्वक धन

English

Never does lust subside by the enjoyment of the plea¬ sures of lust.*® The lustful desire "When will I get more than this?'* ever goes on increasing. Hence, one should leave off lust that causes the desic- ation and dissipation of the body. One should be contented -with the effordess spontaneous acquisitions and be absorbed in Dharma. O leading sage, the different kinds of sacrifices per¬ formed by those who are devoid of internal purity, do not bear fruit like the sacrificial oblation poured on ashes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है यह जाननेके लिये उन्होंने अपने धनको गिनना प्रारम्भ किया। उनका धन संख्यामें बहुत ही अधिक था। इस प्रकार धनकी स्वयं गणना करके वे हर्षसे फूल उठे। साथ ही उस अर्थकी

English

All the rites of those who are devoid of emotional purity are futile. Hence, one should eschew passionate attach¬ ment and similar emotions and be happy. If a person devoid of internal purity becomes engaged in the worship of a deity, he vitiates that deity and falls into a hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चिन्तासे उन्हें बड़ा विस्मय भी हुआ। वे सोचने लगे-मैंने नीच पुरुषोंसे दान लेकर, न बेचने योग्य वस्तुओंका विक्रय. करके तथा तपस्या आदिको भी बेचकर यह प्रचुर धन पैदा किया

English

Holy centres do not sanctify those who perform pilgrimages without mental purity, just as the river cannot purify the liquor pot. If a person mentally yearns for a sinful thing even as he expatiates on righteousness, O excellent sage, know him to be the most villainous among the great sinners. If those persons whose minds are pure perform only their excellent duties, know that the beneRt thereof is imperish¬ able and pleasure-bestowing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। किंतु मेरी अत्यन्त दुःसह तृष्णा अब भी शान्त नहीं हुई। अहो! मैं तो समझता हूँ, यह तृष्णा बहुत बड़ा कष्ट है, समस्त क्लेशोंका कारण भी यही है। इसके कारण मनुष्य यदि समस्त

English

The Tcmas and the Niyamas have been taught succin¬ ctly. They (the knowers) know that salvation is within the reach of those whose minds are purified by means of those (observances). One who has conquered his sense-organs and stabi¬ lised his intellect through the observance of Tomas and Niyasnas should begin the practice of Asanas (postures) duly. It is an excellent means of achieving Yoga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामनाओंको प्राप्त कर ले तो भी पुनः दूसरी वस्तुओंकी अभिलाषा करने लगता है। जरावस्था

English

The follower of Yoga with full faith and devotion to his spiritual preceptor should bind (fully stabilise himself) in one of these postures and transcending the dvandvas* (oppo¬ site pairs like pleasure and pain) and eschewing jealousy (from his mind) should attain control over his vital breaths. He should sit facing the east, north or the west. He should control the vital breaths by means of practice in a quiet place unfrequented by people. Out of the Agarbha and the Sagarbha types of breath-control the latter is the better of the two. The Agarbha is the curbing of the breath without Jea and meditation while in the Sagarbha control of breath, we have them (i.e. Japa and Dhydna) both.

हिन्दी अर्थ

(बुढ़ापे)-में आनेपर मनुष्यके केश पक जाते हैं, दाँत गल जाते हैं, आँख और कान भी जीर्ण हो जाते हैं; किंतु एक तृष्णा ही तरुण-सी होती जाती है'। मेरी सारी इन्द्रियाँ शिथिल हो रही

English

The restraint of breath has been mentioned by learned men to be of four kinds: Recaka (exhalation of air), PUraka (inhalation of air), Kumbhaka (retention of the inhaled air), and Sunyaka (a breathless stage) (see below 124-126). The tubular otgan or artery (the channel of the vital air) on the right hand side of the creatures is mentioned as PiAgali. The sun is its deity. It is well known as the source of the origin of the Pitrs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं, बुढ़ापेने मेरे बलको भी नष्ट कर दिया, किंतु तृष्णा तरुणी हो और भी प्रबल हो उठी है। जिसके मनमें कष्टदायिनी तृष्णा मौजूद है, वह विद्वान् होनेपर भी मूर्ख हो जाता है। परम शान्त

English

The artery or the channel of the vital air well known as the source of the origin of Devas is on (flows through) the left (nostril). It is the vein called I<jla. O excellent sage, know that the moon is its presiding deity. The breath should be expelled through the left nostril. Recana means exhaling and hence this is called Recaka. The intake of breath must be through the right nostril. PUraa means filling up. Hence.this is called PUraka. One restrains the wind that fills the body and does not exhale it. He stands like a pitcher filled with water. Hence, it is well known as Kumbhaka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होनेपर भी अत्यन्त क्रोधी हो जाता है और बुद्धिमान् होनेपर भी अत्यन्त मूढ़बुद्धि हो जाता है। आशा मनुष्योंके लिये अजेय शत्नुकी भाँति भयंकर है। अतः दविद्वान् पुरुष यदि शाश्वत सुख

English

The vital breaths are to be conquered slowly, like lordly elephants in their rut that have to be tamed slowly. Otherwise, terribly great ailments are bound to effect. The Yogin devoid of sins shall make use of the wind gradually. He should be liberated from all sins. He shall attain the region of the Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहे तो आशाको त्याग दे। बल हो, तेज हो,

English

O leading sage, if one withdraws the sense-organs involved in the sensuous objects and restrain them, it is called Pratydhdra (withdrawal of senses). O Brahmana, noble-souled men though devoid of meditation, but who have conquered their sense organs attain the greatest Brahman from which it is difficult to return. If anyone tries to get absorbed in meditation before completely conquering the sense-organs, know him to be stupe¬ fied in mind. Even his meditation cannot be successfully accomplished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रही हो और उत्तम कुलमें जन्म हुआ हो तो भी यदि मनमें आशा, तृष्णा बनी हुई है तो वह बड़े वेगसे इन सबपर पानी फेर देती है'। मैंने बड़े क्लेशसे यह धन कमाया है। अब मेरा शरीर भी

English

Whatever he sees he sees to be like his self within his Atman. The retention of the withdrawn sense-organs is Dhdratid. One who has conquered the groups of sense-organs by means of Yoga shall completely withdraw them from the field of operation. He should then deeply meditate in the heart on the Supreme Atmany Acyuta, the creator and supporter of all.**

हिन्दी अर्थ

गल गया। बुढ़ापेने मेरे बलको नष्ट कर दिया। अतः अब मैं उत्साहपूर्वक परलोक सुधारनेका यत्र करूँगा। विप्रवर। ऐसा निश्चय करके वेदमालि धर्मके मार्गपर चलने लगे। उन्होंने उसी क्षण उस

English

It has been stated by saintly men that Dhydna (medi¬ tation) is perception with attention and concentration. By performing meditation even for a MuhUrta, a man attains the highest salvation. SiAs perish, thanks to meditation, one attains libera¬ tion (from Samsdra) due to meditation; Hari becomes pleased through meditation; all objects are realised through meditation. With great concentration one should meditate on every form of Mahavisiu. Delighted with that meditation, Hari shall indeed bestow salvation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सारे धनको चार भागोंमें बाँठा। अपने द्वारा पैदा किये उस धनमेंसे दो भाग तो ब्राह्मणने स्वयं रख लिये और शेष दो भाग दोनों पुत्रोंकों दे दिये। तदनन्तर अपने किये हुए पापोंका नाश करनेकी

English

O excellent one, one should make the mind steady in the object of meditation so that the state of being the medi¬ tator, the object of meditation, and the act of meditation every thing ceases to be completely. If the devotee (who meditates) feels the greatest bliss as in sleep, if all his sense organs become subdued, if he stands steady like the flame of the lamp in a place devoid of wind in motion, it is called Samddhi (trance).

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छासे उन्होंने जगह-जगह पौंसले, पोखरे, बगीचे और बहुत-से देवमन्दिर बनाये तथा गड्भाजीके तटपर अन्न आदिका दान भी किया।

English

O excellent one, in the state of Samddhi (trance) the Yogin neither hears nor sees, neither smells nor touches nor does he utter anything. The Supreme Lord, though devoid of attributes, appears, due to ignorance, to be endowed with attributes. He appears steady and attributeless as before, when ignorance disappears. The immeasurable Atmans that supreme brilliance appears to be deflected by Maya to those affected by Maya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

२. जीर्यन्ति जीर्यत: केशा: दन्ता: जीर्यन्ति जीर्यत:।

English

TTiat primordial beginningless ancient Purufa is sung about as the Sabdabrahman comprised within the letters of the alphabet beginning with and ending with *Ksa*. The Yogins perceive the eternal Supreme Atman in their hearts. It is changless, unborn, pure and is sung about as the greatest Brahman,

हिन्दी अर्थ

चक्षु:श्रोत्रे च जीर्येते तृष्णैका तरुणायते ॥

English

O excellent sage, listen. I shall narrate in details another type of meditation. It is as though like a shower of nectar to the men scorched by the distress of worldly existence. One should contemplate upon Nar&yana, the greatest Bliss stationed in the Prasiaxa Oih in the form of Nada (the spiritual sound) incomparable and as situated over half the Mdtrd. O Brahmana, three Matras (of Om) are mentioned as having Brahma, Vi$nu and Siva as their deities. Their collective form indicates the greatest Brahman,

हिन्दी अर्थ

भयंकरी पुंसामजेयारातिसन्निभा। तस्मादाशां त्यजेत्प्राज्ञो यदीच्छेच्छाश्वतं सुखम्॥

English

Those who continuously perform the jfapa of Praava are liberated from all sins. Those who have its constant practice, attain the greatest salvation. Performii the Japa of the Prcaaoa Mantra of the form of Brahm&, Viu and Siva, one shall meditate on a pure brilliance like that of ten million suns in the Atman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस प्रकार सम्पूर्ण धनका दान करके भगवान् विष्णुके प्रति भक्तिभावसे युक्त हो वे तपस्याके लिये नर-नारायणके आश्रम बदरीवनमें गये। वहाँ उन्होंने एक अत्यन्त रमणीय आश्रम देखा,

English

Or one should ponder over any holy object that quells sins—such as the Salagrama stone or an idol. O leading sage, what has been mentioned to you is the perfect knowledge pertaining to Vi$nu. On knowing this, the prominent Yogin attains excellent salvation. He who listens to this or reads it with concentration shall be freed from all sins. He shall attain the Sslofya (having the same world) with Hari.