Book 3 - Adhyaya 8

हिन्दी अर्थ

उससे चरण-शुद्धि करनेके अनन्तर फिर पैर धोकर तीन बार कुल्ला करे और दो बार मुख धोवे

English

LAITREYA said :— reverend sir, tell me how should they worsliip the glorious Vishnu, the lord oí thc earth, who desire to get a( the other end of the ocean of the world. I wish to hear from you, great Muni, what fruits can be be obtained by worshipping the glorious Vislinu.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूर्दधा, बाहु, नाभि और हृदयको स्पर्श करे

English

PARASARA said : — The question you have put to me, was put to Aurva by the high-souled Sagará. Do you hear froi»»me what he said (on this). Having bowed to Aurva, born in the race of Vrigu, Sagara said — " foremost of Munis, tell me the mode of worshipping Vishnu, and the fruits that a man can obtain by worshipping him." Heaf from me, Maitreya, all that he said when thus questioned (by Sagara).

हिन्दी अर्थ

नदीनदतटाकेषु देवखातजलेषु च। उपकाराय भूतानां कृतदेवादितर्पणम्॥ ३२ गौतमस्मृतिके अष्टम अध्यायमें कहा है-- फिर भली प्रकार स्नान करनेके अनन्तर केश सँवारे

English

AURVA said : — Vishnu being worshipped, a man obtains the consummation of all earthly desires and attains to the regions of the celestials and of Brahma and even final liberation. king of kings, whatever a man desires, either small, or great, he gets by the worship of Achyuta. king of earth, lyou have asked me how Vishnu can be worshipped. Hear I shall relate all that to you. He is the true worspipper «f Vishnu who observes duly the duties of the four castes and rules of four Asramas. There is no other means of Sítisfying Vishnu. He who offers sacrifices, sacrifices to nim : he who recites prayers, prays to him ; he who ín- jures living beings injures him ; for, Hari is identical with >H living beings. Therefore, he, who observes duly the duties of his caste, is said to worship the glorious Janárdana. 'ord of earth, the Brahman, the Kshatriya, the Vaisya, the Sudra by attending to the duties prescribed by his caste, best worships Vishnu. He, who does not vilify another *'ther in his presence, or in his absence, who does not s peak untruth, does not injure others, pleases Keghava the

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदनन्तर है पृथिवीपते! अपने वर्णधर्मके अनुसार आजीविकाके लिये धनोपार्जन

English

best. Keshava is best pleased with him, king, who does not covet another's wife, wealth and who does not bear ill feeling towards any. lord of men, Keshava is pleased with him who neither beats nor slays any animate or inanimate thing. lord of men, Govinda is pleased with that man who is ever intcnt upon serving the gods, the Bráhmans and his spiritual pre- ceptor. Hari is always satisfied with him who is ever anxious for the welfare of all creatures, his children and his own soul, Vishnu is always pleased with that pure-minded man whose mind is not sullied with anger and other passions. *He best worships Vishnu, king, who observes the duties Taid „djwn by scripture for every caste und condition of life ; there is no other mode." Sagara said :— foremost of twice-bom ones, I wish to hear of the duties of caste and condi- tion. Relate them to me. Aurva said:— Hear attentively from me in order the duties of the Braliman, the Kshatriya, the Vaishya and the Sudra. The duties of the BrShmins consist in making gifts, worshipping the celestials with sacrifices, studying the Vedas, performing oblations and liba- tions with water and preserving the sacred fire. For main- tenance, he may offer sacrifices for others, teach otherí and may accept liberal presents in a becoming manner. He must advance the well-being of all and do injury to none— for tbe greatest wealth of a Brahman consists m cherishing kind feelings towards all. He must consider wirh an equal eye, the jewel and stone belonging to another. He should at proper seasons beget offspring on his wife,

हिन्दी अर्थ

धन ही है। अत: मनुष्योंकों धनोपार्जनका यत्न करना

English

The duties of the Kshatriyas consist in making g'«» to the Brahmins at pleasure, in worshipping Vistínu vfith various sacrifices and receiving instructions from the pr*" ceptor. His principal sources of maintenance are arms aiw protection of the earth. But his greatest duty consistí" 1 guarding the eartb. By protecting the earth a king atW M his objects ; for he gets a share of the merit of all S8cr»fi<* s '

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्यकर्मोके सम्पादनके लिये नदी, नद, तडाग, देवालयोंकी बावड़ी और पर्वतीय झरनोंमें स्नान

English

ViSflftUÞUftAftAM. igj

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथवा कुएँसे जल खींचकर उसके पासकी भूमिपर स्नान करे और यदि वहाँ भूमिपर स्नान करना सम्भव न हो तो कुएँसे खींचकर लाये हुए जलसे

English

tf á kingi by maintaining the order of caste, repfesses the wicked, supports the pious he proceeds to whatever region htí desires.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषिगण और पितृगणका उन्हींके तीर्थोंसे तर्पण करे

English

lord of men, the great Patriarch Brahma, has ðssigned to the Valsyas, for their maintenance, the feeding of the cattle, commertíe and agriculture. Study, sacrifice and gift are also within the duties of the Vaisyas : besides these they may also observe the other fixed and occasional rites.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवता और ऋषियोंके तर्पणके लिये तीन-तीन बार तथा प्रजापतिके लिये एक बार जल छोड़े

English

The Sudra niust maintain himself by attending upon the three castes, or by the profits of trade, or the earnings of itíeclianical labour. He may also make gifts, offer the sacri-i fices in which food is presented and he may also maké obsequial offerings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृगण और पितामहोंकी प्रसन्‍नताके लिये तीन बार एवं मातामह (नाना) और उनके पिता तथा उनके पिताको भी सावधानतापूर्वक पितृ-तीर्थसे जलदान करे। अब काम्य तर्पणका वर्णन करता हूँ, श्रवण करो॥ २९-३०॥

English

Besides these, the four castes have got othef duties nadlely — the acquisition of wealth for the support of servants, co-habitation with their wives for the sake of children, kindness towards all creatures, patience, humility, truth, purity, content- ment, decorum of manners, gentleness of speech, friend- liness, ffécdom from envy or avarice and the habit of vilifying. These also constitute the dnties of every condition of

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो मेरे बन्धु अथवा अबन्धु हैं, तथा जो अन्य जम्मोंमें मेरे बन्धु थे एवं और भी जो-जो मुझसे जलकी इच्छा रखनेवाले हैं वे सब मेरे दिये हुए जलसे परितृप्त

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हों मेरा दिया हुआ यह तिलोदक उनको तृप्ति प्रदान

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हे नृप! इस प्रकार मैंने तुमसे यह काम्य- तर्पणका निरूपण किया, जिसके करनेसे मनुष्य सकल संसारको तृप्त कर देता है और है अनघ! इससे उसे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दान करनेके अनन्तर आचमन करे और फिर सूर्यदेवको

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कहे-- ' भगवान् विवस्वानूको नमस्कार है जो वेद- करनेवाले, अति पवित्र एवं कमके साक्षी हैं'

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निवेदन करता हुआ गृहदेव और इष्टदेवका पूजन

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हे नृप! फिर अपूर्व अग्निहोत्र करे, उसमें काश्यप और अनुमतिको आदरपूर्वक आहुतियाँ दे॥ ४२-४३ ॥ उससे बचे हुए हव्यको पृथिवी और पूजाका वर्णन करता हूँ, श्रवण करो॥ ४४-४५॥

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्तर-दिशाओं में धन्वन्तरिके लिये बलि दे तथा इसके अनन्तर बलिवैश्वदेव-कर्म करे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समय वायबव्यकोणमें वायुको तथा अन्य समस्त दिशाओंमें वायु एवं उन दिशाओंको बलि दे, इसी प्रकार ब्रह्मा, अन्तरिक्ष और सूर्यको भी उनकी दिशाओंके अनुसार

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह जल भरा पात्र जो अग्निहोत्र करते समय समीपमें रख लिया जाता है और जिसमें 'इदं न मम” कहकर आहुतिका शेष भाग छोड़ा जाता है। देवा मनुष्या: पशवो वयांसि पिपीलिका: कीटपतड्काद्या

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त प्राणियोंकोी बलि प्रदान करे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस समय इस प्रकार कहे-- “देवता, मनुष्य, वक्ष तथा और भी चींटी आदि कीट-पतंग जो अपने कर्मबन्धनसे बँधे हुए क्षुधातुर होकर मेरे दिये हुए अन्नकी इच्छा करते हैं, उन सबके लिये में यह

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मैं--सभी विष्णु हैं; क्योंकि उनसे भिन्‍न और कुछ है ही नहीं। अत: मैं समस्त भूतोंका शरीररूप यह अन्न उनके पोषणके लिये दान करता हूँ

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो चौदह प्रकारका भूतसमुदाय है उसमें जितने भी प्राणिगणण अवस्थित हैं उन सबकी तृप्तिके लिये

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस प्रकार उच्चारण करके गृहस्थ पृथिवीमें अन्नदान करे, क्‍योंकि गृहस्थ ही सबका

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाण्डाल, पक्षिगण तथा और भी जो कोई पतित एवं पुत्रहीन पुरुष हों उनकी तृप्तिके लिये पृथिवीमें

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फिर गो-दोहनकालपर्यन्त अथवा इच्छानुसार इससे भी कुछ अधिक देर अतिथि ग्रहण करनेके लिये

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चौंदह भूतसमुदायोंका वर्णन इस प्रकार किया गया है-- यदि अतिथि आ जाय तो उसका स्वागतादिसे तथा आसन देकर और चरण धोकर सत्कार करे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा उसके जानेके समय पीछे-पीछे जाकर उसको प्रसन्न

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिसके कुल और नामका कोई पता न हो तथा अन्य देशसे आया हो उसी अतिथिका सत्कार करे, अपने ही गाँवमें रहनेवाले पुरुषकी अतिथिरूपसे पूजा करनी

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिसके पास कोई सामग्री न हो, जिससे कोई सम्बन्ध न हो, जिसके कुल-शीलका कोई पता न हो और जो भोजन करना चाहता हो उस अतिथिका सत्कार किये बिना भोजन करनेसे मनुष्य अधोगतिको प्राप्त होता

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहस्थ पुरुषको चाहिये कि आये हुए अतिथिके अध्ययन, गोत्र, आचरण और कुल आदिके विषयमें कुछ भी न पूछकर हिरण्यगर्भ-बुद्धिसे उसकी पूजा करे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हे नृप ! अतिथि-सत्कारके अनन्तर अपने ही देशके एक और पांचयज्ञिक ब्राह्मणको जिसके आचार और कुल आदिका ज्ञान हो पितृगणके लिये भोजन करावे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस प्रकार देवता, अतिथि और ब्राह्मणको ये तीन भी बिना लौटाये हुए इच्छानुसार भिक्षा दे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा भिक्षुगण--ये चारों अतिथि कहलाते हैं। है राजन् ! इन चारोंका पूजन करनेसे मनुष्य समस्त पापोंसे मुक्त हो जाता

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिसके घरसे अतिथि निराश होकर लौट जाता है उसे वह अपने पाप देकर उसके शुभकर्मोको ले जाता

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अत: मनुष्यको अतिथि-पूजाके लिये निरन्तर प्रयत्न करना चाहिये। जो पुरुष अतिथिके बिना भोजन करता है वह तो केवल पाप ही भोग करता है

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदनन्तर गृहस्थ पुरुष पितृगृहमें रहनेवाली विवाहिता कन्या, अन्नसे भोजन कराकर अन्तमें स्वयं भोजन करे

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पशु, मृग, (जंगली प्राणी) और पक्षी--ये पाँच तिर्यगू योनियाँ कही गयी हैं। इन सबको भोजन कराये बिना जो स्वयं भोजन कर लेता है वह पापमय भोजन करता है और अन्तमें मरकर नरकमें श्लेष्मभोजी कीट होता है

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किये बिना भोजन करता है वह मल भक्षण करता है, जप किये बिना भोजन करनेवाला रक्त और पूय पान करता है, संस्कारहीन अन्न खानेवाला मूत्र पान करता है तथा जो बालक- वृद्ध आदिसे पहले आहार करता है वह

English

In cases of emergency a Brahmin may follow the occupations «f a Kshatriya or Vaishya ; the Kshatriya may adopt those of Vaishya and the Vaishya those of Kshatriya : but the last two 'houid nevef adopt the functions of the Sudra if they could woid them. And if that be not possible they must at any kte avoid the functions of the niined caste. I will now des- ínbe to you, king, the duties of the several Asramas.