Ashvamedha Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टवा विविक्त आसीनं भार्या भर्तारमब्रवीत्

English

" Vaisampayana said, "With such speeches as these, was the royal saint Yudhishthira, bereft of his friends, consoled by those sages of great ascetic merits. And O monarch, that lord of men exhorted by the worshipful Viswarasraba himself, and by Dwaipayana (Vyasa), Krishna Devasthana, Narada, Bhima, Nakula, Krishna (Draupadi), Sahadeva, and the sharpwitted Vijaya, as well as by other great men, and Brahmanas versed in the Sastras, became relieved of all mental affliction and sorrow arising from the death of his dear relations. And that monarch Yudhishthira after performing the obsequial ceremonies of his departed friends, and honouring the Brahmanas and Devas (gods),

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्वांस: सुव्रता यत्र शान्तात्मानो जितेन्द्रिया:

English

[Brahmin] "There is one teacher and no second beyond him, who dwells in the heart; I speak of him. Instructed by that teacher always, all the danavas were defeated.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्वान् योगयुक्त होकर उस अविनाशी ब्रह्मकी उपासना करते हैं

English

There is one kinsman and no second beyond him, who dwells in the heart; I speak of him. Instructed by him, kinsmen having a kinsman, the seven sages shine in heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्पर्शनेन तदस्पृश्यं मनसा त्ववगम्यते

English

There is one hearer and no second beyond him, who dwells in the heart; I speak of him. Having lived as pupil with that teacher, Shakra went to the immortality of all worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुभव किया जा सकता है

English

There is one hater and no second beyond him, who dwells in the heart; I speak of him. Instructed by that teacher always, all the serpents, hated by the world, were defeated.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अगन्धमरसस्पर्शमरूपाशब्दलक्षणम्

English

On this too they cite an ancient tale: the discussion between Prajapati, the serpents and the divine sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माच्छयान पुरुष प्राणापानौ न मुडचतः

English

Divine sages, nagas and asuras, sitting by Prajapati, asked: "Tell us what is best for us."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् तपो व्यवस्यन्ति मद्गतं ब्रह्मवादिन:

English

To them who asked what was best the blessed one said the one-syllable Brahman, "Om"; hearing it, they ran off in all directions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदवादी मुझमें स्थित तपका निश्चय करते हैं

English

For those running off, the disposition to bite arose among the serpents first, for the instruction of themselves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न्यस्तकर्माणमासीनं कीनाशमविचक्षणम्

English

brought the kingdom of the earth with its girdle of oceans, under his sway. And that prince of Kuru's race having regained his kingdom, with a tranquil mind, thus addressed Vyasa, Narada and the other sages who were present. I have been comforted by the words of so great, ancient and aged saints as yourselves, and I have now no cause left for the least affliction. And likewise, I have attained great wealth, with which I may worship the gods. Therefore, with your assistance, I shall now perform the sacrifice, O the best of regenerate beings. We have heard that those (Himalayan) regions are full of wonders. Therefore, O Brahmana, saint and grandsire do thou so ordain that under thy protection we may safety reach the Himalaya mountains, the performance of my sacrifice being entirely within thy control, and then the adorable celestial saint Narada and Devasthana have also addressed exquisite and well-meaning words for our well being. No unlucky man in times of great tribulation and distress, has ever the good fortune to secure the services of such preceptors and friends approved by all virtuous men. Thus addressed by the king, those great saints, bidding the king and Krishna and Arjuna to repair to the Himalayan regions, then and there vanished in the presence of the assembled multitude, and the king, the lordly son of Dharma, then seated himself there for a while. And the Pandavas then in consequence of the death of Bhishma, were engaged in performing his funeral ceremonies. And their time, while thus engaged, seemed too long in passing and performing the last rites to the mortal remains of Bhishma, Kama and other foremost Kauravas, they gave away large presents to Brahmanas. And then the foremost descendant of Kuru again performed with Dhritarashtra the funeral rites (of the heroes slain in battle), and having given away immense wealth to the Brahmanas, the Pandava chief with Dhritarashtra in advance, made this entry into the city of Hastina Nagar, and consoling his lordly uncle, possessed of eyes of wisdom, that virtuous prince continued to administer the earth with his brothers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वामहं पतिमासाद्य कां गमिष्यामि वै गतिम्

English

Having reached one teacher, refined by one word, all of them, serpents, gods, sages and danavas, settled on various ends.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुभगे नाभ्यसूयामि वाक्यस्यास्य तवानघे

English

He hears what is said and takes it as it is; to one who asks so much more, another teacher consents.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदेव व्यवस्यन्ति कर्म कर्मेति कर्मिण:

English

With his consent the act then goes forward; the teacher, the knower, the enemy and the hater are lodged in the heart.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मके नामसे पुकारते हैं

English

Wandering in the world with sin, one becomes a doer of sin; wandering with good, he becomes a doer of good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैष्कर्म्य न च लोकेउस्मिन् मुहूर्तमपि लभ्यते

English

One who delights in sensual pleasure is a free-liver by desire; one who delights in conquering the senses is ever a keeper of vows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थिति, विनाश एवं शरीरभेद आदि कर्म प्राणियोंमें विद्यमान हैं

English

One who, free of vows and rites, relies solely on Brahman, wandering the world as Brahman-become, is a celibate student.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मस्थमात्मना तेभ्यो दृष्टमायतनं मया

English

Brahman alone is his fuel, Brahman the fire, Brahman the seat; water is Brahman, the teacher is Brahman; he is concentrated in Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यवायं कुरुते नित्यं धीरो भूतानि धारयन्

English

This subtle celibacy of such a kind the wise know; having known it they attained it, shown by the knower of the field.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनिनिर्वेश्वानरो मध्ये सप्तधा दीव्यतेडन्तरा

English

Janamejaya said, 'O the best of regenerate beings, when the Pandavas had reconquered and pacified their kingdom, what did the two warriors, Vasudeva and Dhananjaya do?

हिन्दी अर्थ

रेतोमूत्रपुरीषाणां त्यागो दश हवींषि च

English

[Brahmin] "I have crossed the road that is the one passage beyond objects, that obstructs desire and anger; having crossed that great difficulty I have entered a great forest."

हिन्दी अर्थ

रेत:शरीरभृत्काये विज्ञाता तु शरीरभूृत्

English

[Brahmin woman] "Where is that forest, greatly wise one, what trees and rivers are in it, what mountains, and how far along the road is it?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनश्नलाहवनीयस्तु तस्मिन् प्रक्षिप्पते हवि:

English

[Brahmin] "In separateness there is nothing else equal to it; in non-separateness there is nothing farther than it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रूपं भवति वैवर्ण समनुद्रवते मन:

English

There is nothing lower than it and nothing greater than it; there is nothing more sorrowful than it, and no other happiness equal to it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनसा चिन्तितं वाक्यं यदा समभिपद्यते

English

Having entered it, the twice-born neither grieve nor rejoice; they fear none, and none fears them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पीछे हुआ? जब कि मनसे सोचे-विचारे वचनको ही व्यवहारमें लाया जाता है

English

In that forest are seven great trees, seven fruits, seven guests, seven hermitages, seven concentrations and seven consecrations: this is the form of the forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समुन्नीता नाध्यगच्छत् को वै तां प्रतिबाधते

English

Trees there put forth divine flowers and fruits of five colours and stand pervading that forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयोंकी ओर क्यों नहीं जाती? कौन उसके मार्गमें बाधा डालता है?

English

Trees there put forth flowers and fruits of gold and of two colours and stand pervading that forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुआ वैश्वानर अग्नि सात रूपोंमें प्रकाशमान है

English

Vaisampayana said, 'O lord of the earth, Vasudeva and Dhananjaya were highly pleased when the Pandavas had succeeded in regaining and pacifying their dominions, and they deported themselves with great satisfaction, like unto Indra and his consort in the celestial regions, and amidst picturesque woodland sceneries, and tablelands of mountains, and sacred places of pilgrimage, and lakes and rivers, they travelled with great pleasure like the two As wins in the Nandana garden of Indra. And, O Bharata, the high-souled

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनो बुद्धिश्न सप्तैता जिद्दा वैश्वानराचिष:

English

Krishna and the son of Pandu (Dhananjaya) entering the beautiful hall of assembly at Indraprastha, whiled away their time in great merriment. And there, O prince, they passed their time in recounting the stirring incidents of the war, and the sufferings of their past lives. And those two high- souled ancient sages, glad at heart, recited the genealogy of the races of saints and gods. Then Kesava, knowing the full import of all matters, addressed Partha in a sweet and beautiful speech of excellent style and import. And then Janarddana comforted the son of Pritha afflicted by the death of his sons, and thousands of other relatives. And he of great ascetic merit and knowing the science of all things having duly consoled him, Arjuna rested for a while, as if a great burden had been removed from his own person. Then Govinda (Krishna) consoling Arjuna with sweet speech addressed these well-reasoned

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्ता बोद्धा च सप्तैते भवन्ति परमर्त्विज:

English

Vasudeva said, 'O Arjuna, the terror of thine enemies, this whole earth has been conquered by the king, the son of Dharma, relying on the power of thy arms. And O the best of men, the virtuous king Yudhishthira now enjoys the sovereignty of the earth without a rival, by the might of Bhimasena and the twin brothers. O thou who knowest what virtue is, it was by righteousness alone that the king has been able to regain his kingdom free from all enemies (thorns), and it was by the action of righteousness that king Duryodhana has been killed in battle, and, O son of Pritha and pillar of the Kuru race, the wicked sons of Dhritarashtra, avaricious, always rude in speech, and bent upon an unrighteous course of conduct, having been exterminated with their followers, the king, the son of Dharma and lord of the earth, now peaceably enjoys the entire kingdom of the earth with thy aid, and I too, O son of Pandu, have been pleasantly whiling away my time in thy company, amidst woodland scenes. O terror of thine enemies, what more need I tell thee, but that where thou and Pritha, and the king, the son of Dharma, and the mighty Bhimasena and the two sons of Madri are, there am I attracted with exquisite delight. O descendant of Kuru, in these delightful and sacred and heaven-like halls of assembly a long time hath fleeted away in thy company without my seeing Vasudeva, Valadeva and other leaders of the Vrishni

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्तव्येडप्यथ बोद्धव्ये सुभगे पश्य सर्वदा

English

Two great trees, putting forth many flowers and fruits of unmanifest colours, stand pervading that forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्यक् प्रक्षिप्य विद्वांसो जनयन्ति स्वयोनिषु

English

One fire is there, a well-minded brahmin; the five senses are the fuel; from them liberations arise, seven consecrations; the qualities are the fruits, the guests and the hopes of fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्तर्वासमुषित्वा च जायन्ते स्वासु योनिषु

English

There the seven great sages accept hospitality; when they have been honoured and have dissolved, another forest pleases.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः संजायते गन्धस्तत: संजायते रस:

English

A tree of vow without fruit, with the shade of peace, resting on knowledge, with the water of contentment and the sun that is the knower of the field within.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकट होते हैं। वहींसे गन्ध और वहींसे रसकी उत्पत्ति होती है

English

The good who reach it have no fear again; above, below and across, its end is not found.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूर्णाहुतिभिरापूर्णास्त्रिभि: पूर्यन्ति तेजसा

English

Seven women dwell there at once, downward-faced, radiant, mothers; above, they give the essences to creatures, all as all, and impermanence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिया करते हैं। दस होता मिलकर जिस प्रकार यज्ञका अनुष्ठान करते हैं, वह सुनो

English

There the seven sages are established and rise again, the perfected, with Vasishtha at their head.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये दस विषय ही दस हविष्य हैं

English

Glory, splendour, fortune, victory, perfection and radiance: so the seven lights follow the sun.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्र: प्रजापतिर्मित्रमग्नयो दश भामिनि

English

Mountains and hills are there in short, and rivers and streams, bearing waters that are born of Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दस देवता अनिनि हैं

English

There is the confluence of rivers, the Vaitana, near by, whence the self-satisfied, self-controlled go directly to the Grandsire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकर्मण्य कैसे हूँ?)

English

Of slight desire and good vows, their sins burned by austerity, placing the Self in the Self, they worship Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुविभक्तमिदं सर्व जगदासीदिति श्रुतम्

English

Those who know the forest of knowledge also recite a verse about it, intending that forest, how the steadfast was born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भलीभाँति विभक्त था--ऐसा सुना गया है

English

Brahmins know such a divine forest as this; having known it they practised it, as shown by the knower of the field."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तां गतिं मनसः प्राहुर्मनस्तस्मादपेक्षते

English

race. And now I am desirous of repairing to the city of Dwaravati. Do thou therefore, O most valorous of men, assent to my departure. When king Yudhishthira was smitten heavily with affliction, I with Bhishma, have recited to him many appropriate legends suited to the occasion with a view of assuaging his grief, and the pliant and high-minded Yudhishthira, though our sovereign and versed in all lore paid due heed to our words. That son of Dharma honours truth, and is grateful and righteous, therefore will his virtue and good sense and the stability of his power always endure. And now, O Arjuna, if it pleases thee, do thou go to that high-minded prince and tell him of my intention to depart from this place. For, O thou of mighty arms, even if death cometh to me, I am unwilling to do anything that may displease him, leaving alone my going to the city of Dwaravati. O son of Pritha and descendant of Kuru, I now tell thee truly, desiring to do only what is good and agreeable to thee, and there can be nothing equivocal in it in any way, that the necessity for my staying here no

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मादुच्छवासमासाद्य न वाग् वदति कहिचित्

English

[Brahmin] "Nature desires the wished objects; nature hates all the disliked; desire and hatred arise from nature, placing prana and apana in the bodies of creatures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्यों नहीं पाते? प्रभो! उनके स्वभाव कैसे हैं? यह बतानेकी कृपा करें

English

I would discern in the body, apart from them and among them, the impermanent states and the self of beings; standing in it I cannot be touched at all by desire, anger, old age and death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परस्परं गुणानेते नाभिजानन्ति कह्िचित्

English

For one who does not desire all desires and does not hate all faults, no stains attach in my natures, like a drop of water on lotus leaves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न गन्धानधिगच्छन्ति प्राणस्तानधिगच्छति

English

For this eternal one who looks at many natures, the net of enjoyment does not cling in actions, like the net of the sun's rays in the sky.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नासिका उसका अनुभव करती है

English

On this too they cite an ancient tale; learn it, famous lady: the discussion between an Adhvaryu and an ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न रसानधिगच्छन्ति जिह्नला तानधिगच्छति

English

Seeing a victim being sprinkled in a sacrificial rite, the ascetic seated there said to the Adhvaryu, reproaching: "I would kill."

हिन्दी अर्थ

न रूपाण्यधिगच्छन्ति चक्षुस्तान्यधिगच्छति

English

The Adhvaryu replied to him: "This goat does not perish; the creature will be joined to a better state if so the scripture says.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किंतु नेत्र इनका अनुभव करते हैं

English

Its earthly part will go to the earth, and whatever of it is born of water will go to the waters."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् ते वर्तयिष्यामि तयोरेव समाह्दयम्

English

longer exists, because, O Arjuna, that monarch the son of Dhritarashtra bath been slain with his armies and attendants, and the earth, my friend, with its girdle of seas and its mountains and woods and forests, and the kingdom of the Kuru king filled with various gems, have passed under the sway of that wise son of Dharma. And O foremost prince of Bharata's race, may that virtuous prince administer the entire kingdom of the earth in righteousness, and with the respect and approbation of numerous high-souled Siddhas, and having his praises always extolled by the court heralds. Do thou, O chieftain of Kuru's race, accompany me to-day to the presence of the king, the great aggrandiser of the Kuru race, and sound him of my intended return to Dwaraka. As Yudhishthira the high-souled king of the Kurus always commands my love and respect, I have, O son of Pritha, placed this my body and all the wealth that I have in my house, at his disposal. And O prince Partha (son of Pritha), when this earth has come under thy sway and that of the worshipful Yudhishthira of excellent character, there no longer remains any necessity for my staying here except for my affection for thee. And O monarch, when the redoubtable Arjuna had been thus accosted by the noble-hearted Janarddana, he, showing all the honours due to him, sorrowfully replied by merely saying 'be it so.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

आवयो: श्रेष्ठमाचश्व छिन्धि नौ संशयं विभो

English

[Ascetic] "If you see good for the goat in separation from its life-breaths, then the sacrifice is for the goat's sake; what is your purpose?

हिन्दी अर्थ

है? यह बताओ और हमारे संदेहका निवारण करो”

English

Let mother, father, brother and friend consent to you; take counsel with the goat, lifting it up, especially when it speaks.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहं वै कामधुक् तुभ्यमिति तं प्राह वागथ

English

You should ask those who would consent, and having heard their consent you can then deliberate.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थावरं मत्सकाशे वै जड़मं विषये तव

English

The vital breaths of this goat have gone into their own wombs; only the body remains, motionless, in my opinion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तन्‍्मनो जड़मो नाम तस्मादसि गरीयसी

English

Violence with a body like fuel, by one without understanding: for those who wish to be free of it, the victim is called fuel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मादुच्छवासमासाद्य प्रवक्ष्यामि सरस्वति

English

Non-harm is the first of all dharmas, so say the aged; we hold that the deed that is without harm should be done.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पक्षकी पुष्टि की है। इससे मैं उच्छवास लेकर कुछ कहूँगा

English

If I declare non-harm as my vow, much can be said against your act.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापतिमुपाधावत् प्रसीद भगवज्निति

English

Non-harm to all beings always pleases us; we accomplish what is before us and do not attend to the unseen."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पास गयी और बोली--“भगवन्! प्रसन्न होइये”

English

[Adhvaryu] "You enjoy the qualities of smell from earth, drink the tastes made of water, see the form of lights, touch the qualities born of wind,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तयोरपि च घोषिण्या निर्घोषैव गरीयसी

English

hear the sound born of space, and think with the mind. You think all these are beings, life-breaths.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतयोरन्तरं पश्य सूक्ष्मयो: स्यन्दमानयो:

English

You are constant in taking life, and you engage in harm; there is no activity without harm. What do you think, brahmin?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

किन्नु पूर्व तदा देवी व्याजहार सरस्वती

English

[Ascetic] "Imperishable and perishable: this self is twofold. The imperishable is being; the perishable is called nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छासे प्रेरित की हुई सरस्वती देवीने पहले क्या कहा था?

English

Prana, tongue, mind, goodness, nature with passion: for one freed of these states, free of dualities, free of hopes,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा देवी जड़मत्वाद् विशिष्टा

English

equal to all beings, without possessiveness, self-conquered, released on all sides, there is no fear anywhere."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुभगे सप्तहोतृणां विधानमिह यादृशम्

English

[Adhvaryu] "Association should be with the good here, best of the wise. Hearing your view, my mind is enlightened.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनो बुद्धिश्व सप्तैते होतार: पृथगाश्रिता:

English

Blessed one, awakened by your blessed understanding, I speak: I am not at fault in thinking, acting or doing, brahmin."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतान् वै सप्तहोतृस्त्वं स्वभावाद् विद्धि शोभने

English

[Brahmin] Then the ascetic, with that reasoning, remained silent, and the Adhvaryu too, free of delusion, went on in the great sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथंस्वभावा भगवन्नेतदाचक्ष्व मे प्रभो

English

Brahmins know such subtle liberation, and having known it they practise it, shown by the knower of the field.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न स्पर्शानधिगच्छन्ति त्वक् च तानधिगच्छति

English

"Janamejaya said, "When the high-souled Kesava and Arjuna after slaying their enemies repaired to the assembly rooms, what conversation, O regenerate one, took place between them?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयोंका अनुभव कर सकते तो हम आपकी इस बातको सच मान लेतीं

English

There was a king named Kartavirya Arjuna with a thousand arms, by whom the earth to the sea was conquered with the bow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वचा च शब्दमादत्स्व बुद्धया स्पर्शभथापि च

English

Once, wandering at the sea's edge, proud of his strength, he covered the sea with hundreds of arrows, so we have heard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भोगानपूर्वानादत्स्व नोच्छिष्टं भोक्तुमहति

English

The ocean, saluting him with folded hands, said: "Do not loose arrows, hero; tell me what I may do for you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः श्रुतमुपादाय श्रुत्यर्थमुपतिछति

English

Creatures dependent on me are being killed by the great arrows you loose, tiger among kings; give them safety, lord."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनागतानतीतांक्ष स्वप्ने जागरणे तथा

English

[Arjuna] "If anyone bearing a bow is equal to me in battle, tell me of him who could stand against me in fight."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्मदर्थ कृते कार्य दृश्यते प्राणधारणम्

English

[Ocean] "If you have heard of the great sage Jamadagni, his son is fit to give you proper hospitality."

हिन्दी अर्थ

धारण देखा जाता है

English

Then the king set off, filled with great anger; coming to that hermitage he fell upon Rama.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुभुक्षया पीड्यमानो विषयानेव धावति

English

He and his kinsmen did hostile things to Rama and caused trouble to the great soul Rama.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किंतु त्वचाको उसका ज्ञान होता है

English

Vaisampayana said, "The son of Pritha (Arjuna), having recovered his own kingdom, joyously spent his time, without doing anything else, in the company of Krishna, his heart filled with delight, in that palace of celestial beauty. One day, those two listlessly proceeded to a particular part of the palace that looked, O king, like a veritable portion of Heaven. Themselves filled with delight, they were then surrounded by their relatives and attendents. Pandu's son, Arjuna, filled with joy in the company of Krishna, surveyed that delightful mansion, and then addressed his companion, saying, 'O— mighty-armed one, thy greatness became known to me upon the approach of the battle. O son of Devaki, thy form also, as the Lord of the universe, then became known to me ! What thy holy self said unto me at that time, O Kesava, through affection, has all been forgotten by me, O chief of men, in consequence of the fickleness of my mind. Repeatedly, however, have I been curious on the subject of those truths. Thou again, O Madhava, wilt repair to Dwaraka soon.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

न शब्दानधिगच्छन्ति श्रोत्रं तानधिगच्छति

English

Vaisampayana continued, 'Thus addressed by him, Krishna of mighty

हिन्दी अर्थ

संशयं नाधिगच्छन्ति मनस्तमधिगच्छति

English

energy, that foremost of speakers, embraced Phalguna and replied unto him as follows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सकते। यह काम मनका है

English

'Vasudeva said, 'I made thee listen to truths that are regarded as mysteries. I imparted to thee truths that are eternal. Verily, I discoursed to thee on Religion in its true form and on all the eternal regions. It is exceedingly disagreeable to me to learn that thou didst not, from folly, receive what I imparted. The recollection of all that I told thee on that occasion will not come to me now. Without doubt, O son of Pandu, thou art destitute of faith and thy understanding is not good. It is impossible for me, O Dhananjaya, to repeat, in detail, all that I said on that occasion. That religion (about which I discoursed to thee then) is more than sufficient for understanding Brahma. I cannot discourse on it again in detail. I discoursed to thee on Supreme Brahma, having concentrated myself in Yoga. I shalt now, however, recite to thee an old history upon the same topic. O foremost of all persons, observant of duty, listen to everything I now say, so that, with an understanding adapted to my teaching, thou mayst succeed in attaining to the highest end. O chastiser of foes, on one occasion, a Brahmana came to us from the regions of Heaven. Of irresistible energy, he came from the regions of the Grandsire. He was duly reverenced by us. Listen. O son of Pritha, without yielding to scruples of any kind, to what he, O chief of

हिन्दी अर्थ

न निष्ठामधिगच्छन्ति बुद्धिस्तामधिगच्छति

English

Then some kshatriyas, having killed Jamadagni, entered mountain fastnesses, like deer harried by lions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रियाणां च संवादं मनसश्लैव भामिनि

English

Out of fear of them, they did not perform their own appointed duties; the people, not seeing brahmins, fell to the state of low-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रूप॑ चक्षुर्न गृह्नाति त्वक् स्पर्श नावबुध्यते

English

These Dravidas, Kashas, Pundras and Shabaras fell into low-born state by rising up from kshatriya dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवरं सर्वभूतानामहमस्मि सनातनम्

English

Then, when the kshatriya women's heroes were slain again and again, kshatriyas were born through brahmins, and Jamadagni's son cut them down.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रियाणि न भासन्ते मया हीनानि नित्यश:

English

At the end of twenty-one such slaughters a divine bodiless voice, sweet and heard by all the worlds, spoke to Rama:

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणार्थान् नाधिगच्छन्ति मामृते सर्वजन्तव:

English

"Rama, Rama, turn back. What merit do you see, dear one, in parting these kshatriya wretches from life again and again?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

भोगान् भुड्क्ते भवान् सत्यं यथैतन्मन्यते तथा

English

So too Richika and the other forefathers said to that great soul, "Fortunate one, turn back."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदि संकल्पमात्रेण भुदड्ुक्ते भोगान् यथार्थवत्

English

But Rama, not forgiving his father's slaying, said to those sages, "You should not hold me back here."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणेन रूपमादत्स्व रसमादत्स्व चक्षुषा

English

[Ancestors] "You should not kill the kshatriyas, best of conquerors; it is not fitting for you, a brahmin and good man, to kill kings."

हिन्दी अर्थ

दारुक्षयेडग्निज्वलितो यथैव

English

Bharata's race, said, in answer to our enquiries, agreeably to heavenly forms.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाद फिर चलने लगा। तब समान और उदानवायु उससे पुनः बोले--

English

There was a royal sage named Alarka, of great austerity, knower of dharma, true to his word, a great soul of great vows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो हाहं पश्यत मां प्रलीनम्

English

Having conquered this earth to the sea with the bow and done a very hard deed, he set his mind on the subtle.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसका क्या कारण है? यह सुनो

English

As he stood at the root of a tree, this thought came to him, after giving up a very great kingdom, toward the subtle, O wise one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो हाहं पश्यत मां प्रलीनम्

English

[Alarka] "Strength has arisen in my mind; conquering the mind is certain victory. I shall shoot arrows elsewhere, when surrounded by enemies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वे श्रेष्ठा न वा श्रेष्ठा: सर्वे चान्योन्य धर्मिण:

English

Because this mind wishes to do all this out of the restlessness of the body, I shall loose very sharp-pointed arrows at the mind."

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहीं है। तुम सबका धारणरूप धर्म एक-दूसरेपर अवलम्बित है

English

[Mind] "These arrows will not pierce me at all, Alarka; they will pierce your own vital spots, and with your vital spots pierced you will die.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इति तानब्रवीत् सर्वान् समवेतान् प्रजापति:

English

Look to other arrows with which you will kill me." Hearing it, he reflected and then said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस प्रकार वहाँ एकत्र हुए सब प्राणोंसे प्रजापतिने फिर कहा--

English

[Alarka] "Having smelled many scents, it hankers after those very ones; therefore I shall loose sharp arrows at the nose."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुभगे पञ्चहोतृणां विधानमिह यादृशम्

English

The Brahmana said, That which thou askest me, O Krishna, connected with the religion of Moksha (Emancipation), led by thy compassion for all creatures (and not for thy own good),— that, indeed, which destroys all delusion, O thou that art possessed of supreme puissance 1 1 shall now tell thee duly, O slayer of Madhu. Do thou listen with concentrated attention as I discourse to thee, O Madhava. A Brahmana of the name of Kasyapa, possessed of penances and the foremost of all persons conversant with, duties, came to a certain other Brahmana who had become conversant with all the mysteries of religion. 2 Indeed, the latter had mastered all the knowledge which the scriptures teach respecting the departure and reappearance of beings and possessed that direct knowledge of all things which Yoga gives. He was well skilled in the truths of all topics relating to the world. He had mastered the truth about pleasure and pain. He knew the truth about birth and death, and understood the distinctions between merit and demerit. He was a beholder of the ends attained to by embodied creatures high and low in consequence of their acts. He lived like one emancipated from the world. Crowned with ascetic success and possessed of perfect tranquillity of soul, he had all his senses under complete control. He seemed to blaze with the resplendence of Brahma and was capable of going everywhere at will. He knew the science of disappearing at will from before the eyes of all. He used to rove in the company of invisible Siddhas and celestial musicians. He used to sit and converse with them on some

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक प्राचीन दृष्टान्त बतलाया जाता है

English

spot retired from the bustle of humanity. He was as unattached to all things as the wind. Kasyapa having heard of him truly, desired to see him. Possessed of intelligence, that foremost of all Brahmanas, approached the sage. Himself possessed of penances, Kasyapa, moved by the desire of acquiring merit, fell, with a rapt heart, at the feet of the sage when he had seen all those wonderful attributes. Filled with wonder at the sight of those extraordinary accomplishments, Kasyapa began to wait upon that foremost of all Brahmanas, with the dutiful reverence of a disciple waiting upon his preceptor and succeeded in propitiating him. By his devotion, O scorcher of foes, rendering to hint the obedience due from a disciple to a preceptor, Kasyapa gratified that Brahmana who possessed all these accomplishments and was endued, besides, with scriptural learning and excellent conduct. Gratified with Kasyapa, that Brahmana one day addressed him cheerfully and spoke as follows, with an eye to the highest success. Listen to those words, O Janarddana, as I repeat them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पज्चहोतुस्तथैतान् वै परं भावं विदुर्बुधा:

English

"--The ascetic crowned with success said,'— By diverse acts, O son, as also by the aid of merit, mortal creatures attain to diverse ends here and residence in Heaven. Nowhere is the highest happiness; nowhere can residence be eternal. There are repeated falls from the highest regions acquired with such sorrow. In consequence of my indulgence in sin, I had to attain to diverse miserable and inauspicious ends, filled as I was with lust and wrath, and deluded by cupidity. I have repeatedly undergone death and rebirth. I have eaten diverse kinds of food, I have sucked at diverse breasts. I have seen diverse kinds of mothers, and diverse fathers dissimilar to one another. Diverse kinds of happiness have been mine and diverse kinds of misery, O sinless one. On diverse occasions have I been separated from what was agreeable and united with what was disagreeable. Having earned wealth with great toil I have had to put up with its loss. Insults and excessive misery I have received from king and relatives. Mental and

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा वै पञ्चहोतार: परो भावस्तदुच्यताम्

English

[Nose] "These arrows will not pierce me at all, Alarka; they will pierce your own vital spots, and with your vital spots pierced you will die.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपाने सम्भूतो वायुस्ततो व्यान: प्रवर्तते

English

Look to other arrows with which you will kill me." Hearing it, he reflected and then said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदाने सम्भूतो वायु: समानो नाम जायते

English

[Alarka] "Having created varied touches, it hankers after those very ones; therefore I shall tear the skin with varied heron-feathered arrows."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो नः श्रेष्ठस्तमाचक्ष्व स न: श्रेष्ठो भविष्यति

English

[Skin] "These arrows will not pierce me at all, Alarka; they will pierce your own vital spots, and with your vital spots pierced you will die.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स वै श्रेष्ठो गच्छत यत्र काम:

English

Look to other arrows with which you will kill me." Hearing it, he reflected and then said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो हाहं पश्यत मां प्रलीनम्

English

[Alarka] "Having heard varied sounds, it hankers after those very ones; therefore I shall loose sharp arrows at the ear."

हिन्दी अर्थ

समानकश्षाप्युदानश्व वचोडब्रूतां पुन: शुभे

English

[Ear] "These arrows will not pierce me at all, Alarka; they will pierce your own vital spots, and then you will lose your life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रचचार पुन: प्राणस्तमपानो5भ्यभाषत

English

Look to other arrows with which you will kill me." Hearing it, he reflected and then said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो हाहं पश्यत मां प्रलीनम्

English

[Alarka] "Having seen varied states, it hankers after those very ones; therefore I shall loose sharp arrows at the eye."

हिन्दी अर्थ

देखो, अब मैं लीन हो रहा हूँ (फिर तुम्हारा भी लय हो जायगा)

English

[Eye] "These arrows will not pierce me at all, Alarka; they will pierce your own vital spots, and with your vital spots pierced you will die.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो5हमस्मि सर्वेषां श्रूयतां येन हेतुना

English

Look to other arrows with which you will kill me." Hearing it, he reflected and then said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

सबसे श्रेष्ठ हूँ। मेरी श्रेष्ठताका कारण क्या है। वह सुनो

English

[Alarka] "This many-formed resolve is decided by wisdom; therefore I shall loose sharp arrows at the intellect."

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो हाहं पश्यत मां प्रलीनम्

English

[Eye] "These arrows will not pierce me at all, Alarka; they will pierce your own vital spots, and with your vital spots pierced you will die."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मैं लीन हो रहा हूँ (फिर तुम्हारा भी लय हो जायगा)'

English

[Ancestors] Then Alarka, taking up terrible, very hard austerity, did not find, with all his power, another arrow for these seven; with a concentrated mind the lord then reflected.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न त्वं श्रेष्ठोडसि नो व्यान समानस्तु वशे तव

English

Having reflected a long time, O best of brahmins, Alarka, best of the wise, found no higher good than yoga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो5हमस्मि सर्वेषां श्रूयतां येन हेतुना

English

Making his mind one-pointed and standing steady in yoga, the mighty one quickly struck down the senses with a single arrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सबमें श्रेष्ठ हूँ, वह बताता हूँ सुनो

English

Entering the Self by yoga, he went to supreme perfection; and the amazed royal sage sang this verse: "Ah, what pain, that we earlier practised kingship! Afterward I learned that there is no happiness higher than yoga."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मैं लीन हो रहा हूँ (फिर तुम्हारा भी लय हो जायगा)'

English

Know this too, Rama, and do not kill kshatriyas; take up terrible austerity, and then you will gain the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठो5हमस्मि सर्वेषां श्रूयतां येन हेतुना

English

[Brahmin] So addressed by his forefathers, Jamadagni's son took up terrible austerity, very fortunate, and went to hard-to-reach perfection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक एव ममैवात्मा बहुधाप्युपचीयते

English

physical pain, of great severity, have been mine. Humiliations I have undergone, and death and immurement under circumstances of great severity. Falls into Hell have been mine, and great tortures in the domains of Yama. Decrepitude and diseases have repeatedly assailed me, and calamities, as frequent, in copious measure. In this world I have repeatedly undergone all those afflictions that flow from a perception of all pairs of opposites. After all this, one day, overwhelmed with sorrow, blank despair came upon me. I took refuge in the Formless. Afflicted as I was with great distress, I gave up the world with all its joys and sorrows, l Understanding then this path, I exercised myself in it in this world. Afterwards, through tranquillity of soul, I attained to this success that thou seest. I shall not have to come to this world again (after my departure hence). Verily, till I attain to absorption into eternal Brahman, till, in fact, the final dissolution of the universe, I shall look on those happy ends that will be mine, and on those beings that

हिन्दी अर्थ

किसकी प्रवृत्ति होती है? प्राण, अपान, समान, व्यान अथवा उदानकी?

English

Grief, anger and excessive agitation are held to be the passionate qualities; sleep, drowsiness and delusion, those three, are the dark qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणद्वन्द्धं च मे ब्रूहि तिर्यगूर्ध्यमधश्च॒ यत्

English

Having cut these down with showers of arrows, the steadfast, tireless one, calm in soul and master of his senses, can conquer enemies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मध्यमें और नीचे व्याप्त है?

English

On this, those who know the ancient age recite verses sung by King Ambarisha while ruling the kingdom.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रूपसे भी हर्षकी उत्पत्ति होती है

English

When faults had risen and the good were being slain, Ambarisha seized the kingdom by force, it is heard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणेन विकृते शुक्रे ततो5पान: प्रवर्तते

English

Having subdued the great faults and honoured the good, he went to great perfection and sang this verse:

हिन्दी अर्थ

वीर्यमें विकार उत्पन्न होनेपर फिर अपानकी प्रवृत्ति होती है

English

"I have conquered most faults and killed all enemies; one fault remains, to be killed, and I have not killed it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समानव्यानजनिते सामान्ये शुक्रशोणिते

English

Joined to it, this creature does not attain freedom from thirst, running like one parched toward low ground and not understanding.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वीर्य और रज समान और व्यानसे उत्पन्न होते हैं। इसलिये सामान्य कहलाते हैं

English

Cut down with sharp swords the greed by which a man, impelled, does here even what should not be done."

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वस्ति व्रजत भद्रं वो धारयध्वं परस्परम्

English

constitute this universe, l Having acquired this excellent success, I shall, after departing from this world, proceed, to what is above it (i.e., Satyaloka) and thence to what is higher (i.e., absorption into Brahman). Verily, I shall attain to the condition, which is unmanifest aspect of Brahman. Let no doubt be thine as regards this. O scorcher of foes, I shall not return to this world of mortal creatures. O thou of great wisdom, I have become gratified with thee. Tell me what I shall do for thee. The time has come for the accomplishment of that purpose for which thou hast come hither. Verily, I know that object for which thou hast sought me. I shall soon depart from this world. Hence it is that I have given thee this hint. O thou of great wisdom and experience, I have been highly gratified with thee for thy behaviour. Do thou question me. I shall discourse on what is beneficial to thee, agreeably to thy desire. I think thy intelligence is great. Indeed, I applaud it much, for it was with the aid of that intelligence that thou wert able to recognise me. Surely, O Kasyapa, thou art possessed of great intelligence.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

परस्परकी उन्नतिमें सहायता पहुँचाते हुए एक-दूसरेको धारण किये रहो”

English

Brhamabhavasritena, implying reliance on Brahman by having recourse to Samadhi or a suspension of all functions of both body and mind (through Yoga) and arrival at that state which is one of perfect unconsciousness.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

नारदस्य च संवादमृषेर्देवमतस्य च

English

then, the sage will look upon all beings, i.e., their repeated migrations.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

So the verse was sung by the renowned King Ambarisha, who, putting sovereignty first, cut down greed alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यान: समानश्रैवो भौ तिर्यग् द्वन्द्धत्वमुच्यते

English

" Vasudeva said, touching the feet of that sage, the Brahmana asked him some questions that were exceedingly difficult to answer. That foremost of all righteous persons then discoursed on those duties that were referred to.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तृतीयं तु समानेन पुनरेव व्यवस्यते

English

King Janaka said to a brahmin who was in distress about some text, "Do not live in my domain," for his instruction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनो बुद्धिश्व सप्तैते विज्ञेया गुणहेतव:

English

Thus addressed, the brahmin replied to the best of kings: "Tell me, O king, the extent of your domain over which you stand in control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हेतु गुणमय जानने चाहिए

English

I wish to live in another king's domain, lord; I wish to do your word as the scriptures say, lord of the earth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्तव्यमथ बोद्धव्यं सप्तैते कर्महेतव:

English

Thus addressed by the renowned brahmin, the king sighed again and again hotly and did not reply to him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मरूप हेतु हैं

English

As the king of immeasurable power sat meditating, a faintness suddenly came upon him, as Rahu seizes the sun.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्ता बोद्धा च सप्तैते विज्ञेया: कर्तहेतवः

English

Then the king, consoled, when the faintness had passed, spoke to the brahmin after a moment:

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेवाला और निश्चयात्मक बोध प्राप्त करनेवाला--ये सात कर्तरूप हेतु हैं

English

"In my ancestral kingdom, with the country under my control, searching this whole earth I do not find a domain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहं च निर्गुणो5नन्तः सप्तैते मोक्षहेतव:

English

When I did not find it on earth, I searched Mithila; when I did not find it there, I searched my own subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समान--ये दोनों मध्यगामी द्वन्द्ध कहे जाते हैं

English

'Kasyapa said, 'How does the body dissolve away, and how is another acquired? How does one become emancipated after passing through a repeated round of painful rebirths? Enjoying Prakriti for sometime, how does Jiva cast off the particular body (which Prakriti gives)? How does Jiva, freed from the body, attain to what is different from it (viz., Brahman)? How does a human being enjoy (and endure the fruits of) the good and bad acts done by him? Where do the acts exist of one that is devoid of body?

हिन्दी अर्थ

संजायते ब्राह्मणस्य ज्ञानं बुद्धिसमन्वितम्

English

'The Brahmana said,— Thus urged by Kasyapa, the emancipated sage answered those questions one after another. Do thou listen to me, O scion of the Vrishi race, as I recite to thee the answers he made.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदसे ही ब्राह्मणमें बुद्धियुक्त ज्ञान उत्पन्न होता है

English

'--The Emancipated sage said, 'Upon the exhaustion of those acts capable

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व संजायते तस्य यत्र प्रक्षिप्पते हवि:

English

of prolonging life and bringing on fame which are done in a particular body that Jiva assumes, the embodied Jiva, with the span of his life shortened, begins to do acts hostile to life and health. On the approach of destruction, his understanding turns away from the proper course. The man of uncleansed soul, after even a correct apprehension of his constitution and strength and of the season of both his own life and of the year, begins to eat at irregular intervals and to eat such food as is hostile to him. 1 At such a time he indulges in practices that are exceedingly harmful. He sometimes eats excessively and sometimes abstains altogether from food. He eats bad food or bad meat or takes bad drinks, or food that has been made up of ingredients incompatible with one another. He eats food that is heavy in excess of the measure that is beneficial, or before the food previously taken has been digested. He indulges in physical exercise and sexual pleasure in excess of the due measure, or through avidity for work, suppresses the urgings of his corporeal organism even when they become pronounced. Or, he takes food that is very juicy, or indulges in sleep during daytime. Food that is not properly digested, of itself excites the faults, when the time comes. 2 From such excitement of the faults in his body, he gets disease ending in death itself. Sometimes the person engages in perverse or unnatural acts like hanging (for bringing about his death). Through these causes the living body of the creature dissolves away. Understand correctly the manner as I declare it to thee. 3 Urged on by the Wind which becomes violent, the heat in the body, becoming excited and reaching every part of the body one after another, restrains all the (movements of the) vital breaths. Know truly that excited all over the body, the heat becomes very strong, and pierces every vital part where life may be said to reside. In consequence of this, Jiva, feeling

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणापानावाज्यभागौ तयोर्मध्ये हुताशनः

English

[Janaka] "All undertakings here are known to end in all actions; I did not find that which would be 'mine'.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्दन्द्रमिति यत् त्वेतत् तन्मे निगदत: शृणु

English

'Whose is this? Whose is the property?' So says the Veda. I did not find by understanding that which would be 'mine'.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् रूपमुदानस्य परम॑ ब्राह्मणा विदु:

English

Having settled this understanding, I have given up possessiveness. Hear the understanding by which everywhere is my domain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्कृष्ट रूप मानते हैं

English

I do not desire for myself even the smells that reach the nose; therefore the earth, conquered by me, always stays in my control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदू रूपमुदानस्य परम॑ ब्राह्मणा विदु:

English

I do not desire for myself tastes that are in my mouth; therefore the waters, conquered by me, always stay in my control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदानका परम उत्कृष्ट रूप मानते हैं

English

I do not desire for myself form and light by the eye; therefore light, conquered by me, always stays in my control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तीसरी अवस्था है, उससे उपलक्षित ब्रह्मका समानके द्वारा ही निश्चय होता है

English

I do not desire for myself touches that rest on the skin; therefore wind, conquered by me, always stays in my control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् रूपमुदानस्य परम॑ ब्राह्मणा विदु:

English

I do not desire for myself sounds that reach the ear; therefore sounds, conquered by me, always stay in my control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चातुर्होत्रविधानस्य विधानमिह यादृशम्

English

I do not desire for myself the mind within the mind; therefore the mind, conquered by me, always stays in my control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसको बतानेवाले इस प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

All these undertakings are for the gods, ancestors, beings and guests."

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु मे गदतो भद्रे रहस्यमिदमद्धुतम्

English

Then the brahmin, laughing, said again to Janaka: "Know that I have come here today as Dharma, to test you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चत्वार एते होतारो यैरिदं जगदावृतम्

English

You alone are the mover of this wheel, whose navel is Brahman, whose spokes are the understanding that does not turn back, whose rim is goodness, and which is held still."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सातों--प्राण आदि मोक्षके हेतु होते हैं

English

great pain, quickly takes leave of its mortal casement. Know, O foremost of regenerate persons, that when the vital parts of the physical organism become thus afflicted, Jiva slips away from the body, overwhelmed with great pain. All living creatures are repeatedly afflicted with birth and death, it Is seen, O chief of Brahmanas, that the pain which is felt by a person when casting off his bodies is like what is felt by him when first entering the womb or when issuing out of it. His joints become almost dislocated and he derives much distress from the waters (of the womb). 4 Urged on by (another) violent

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणास्ते देवताभूता: सततं भुठ््जते हवि:

English

wind, the wind that is in the body becomes excited through cold, and dissolves away the union of matter (called the body) into its respective elements numbering five, l That wind which resides in the vital breaths called Prana and Apana occurring within this compound of the five primal elements, rushes upwards, from a situation of distress, leaving the embodied creature. It is even thus that the wind leaves the body. Then is seen breathlessness. The man then becomes destitute of heat, of breath, of beauty, and of consciousness. Deserted by Brahman (for Jiva is Brahman), the person is said to be dead. By those ducts through which he perceives all sensuous objects, the bearer of the body no longer perceives them. It is the eternal Jiva who creates in the body in those very duets the life-breaths that are generated by food. The elements gathered together become in certain parts firmly united. Know that those parts are called the vitals of the body. It is said so in the Sastras. When those vital parts are pierced, Jiva, rising up, enters the heart of the living creature and restrains the principle of animation without any delay. The creature then, though still endued with the principle of consciousness, fails to know anything. The vital parts being all overwhelmed, the knowledge of the living creature becomes overwhelmed by darkness. Jiva then, who has been deprived of everything upon which to stay, is then agitated by the wind. He then, deeply breathing a long and painful breath, goes out quickly, causing the inanimate body to tremble. Dissociated from the body, Jiva, however, is surrounded by his acts. He becomes equipped on every side with all his auspicious acts of merit and with all his sins. Brahmanas endued with knowledge and equipped with the certain conclusions of the scriptures, know him, from indications, as to whether he is possessed of merit or with its reverse. Even as men possessed of eyes behold the fire-fly appearing and disappearing amid darkness, men possessed of the eye of knowledge and crowned with success of penances, behold, with spiritual vision, Jiva as he leaves the body, as he is reborn, and as he enters the womb. It is seen that Jiva has three regions assigned to him eternally. This world where creatures dwell is called the field of action. Accomplishing acts good or bad, all embodied creatures attain to the fruits thereof. In consequence of their own acts, creatures acquire even here superior or inferior enjoyments. Doers of evil deeds here, in consequence of those acts of theirs, attain to Hell. This condition of sinking with head downwards, in which creatures are cooked, is one of great misery. It is such that a rescue therefrom is exceedingly difficult. Indeed; one should strive hard for saving oneself from this misery. Those regions where creatures dwell when they ascend from this world I shall now declare truly. Do thou listen to me with attention. By listening to what I say, thou shalt attain to firmness of understanding and a clear apprehension of (good and bad) acts. Know that even those are the regions of all creatures of righteous deeds, viz., the

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिपूर्वक जानते हैं और देवता-रूप होकर सदा हविष्यका भोग करते हैं

English

Whatever creatures there are in the world, moving and unmoving, know me as the ender of them, as fire is of wood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मार्थ पाचयजन्नन्नं ममत्वेनोपहन्यते

English

This understanding knows kingdom over all the earth or in heaven; understanding is my wealth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सचान्न॑ हन्ति तं चान्नं स हत्वा हन्यते पुन:

English

There is one path of the brahmins by which the knowers of that go: in houses, forest dwellings, teachers' houses and among mendicants, by many unagitated signs, one understanding is attended.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चान्नाज्जायते तस्मिन् सूक्ष्मो नाम व्यतिक्रम:

English

Those whose minds are calm, though they stand in various signs and stages, reach one state, as rivers reach the sea.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस अन्नसे उस दिद्वान् पुरुषमें कोई सूक्ष्म-से-सूक्ष्म दोष भी नहीं उत्पन्न होता

English

This path is travelled by understanding, not by the body; actions have beginning and end, and the body is the bond of action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रोत्रेण श्रूयते यच्च चक्षुषा यच्च दृश्यते

English

Therefore, fortunate one, you have no fear for the next world; devoted to my state of being, you will reach my very Self."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन:षष्ठानि संयम्य हवींष्येतानि सर्वश:

English

stellar worlds that shine in the firmament, the lunar disc, and the solar disc as well that shines in the universe in its own light. Upon the exhaustion, again, of their merits, they fall away from those regions repeatedly. There, in Heaven itself, is distinction of inferior, superior, and middling felicity. There, in Heaven itself, is discontent at sight of prosperity more blazing than one's own. Even these are the goals which I have mentioned in detail. I shall, after this, discourse to you on the attainment by Jiva of the condition of residence in the womb. Do thou hear me, with concentrated attention, O regenerate one, as I speak to thee!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

नारायणाय देवाय यदविन्दन् पशून् पुरा

English

off the body appertaining to the other world. I think Telang is not correct in his version of 19 and 20. Atisarpana can never imply 'exhaustion'; hence, karmanam can never be the reading he adopts. Besides tadrisam seems to settle the question. The tortures felt at death are similar to those at birth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवं नारायणं भीरु सर्वात्मानं निबोध तम्

English

[Brahmin] "Know the brahmin woman as the lower fire-stick and the teacher as the upper fire-stick; when austerity and learning are rubbed together, the fire of knowledge is born."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्यमें नियुक्त होता हूँ, उसीका पालन करता रहता हूँ

English

[Brahmin woman] "This mark of Brahman, called the knower of the field: how can it be grasped, and where is its sign?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

सप्तर्षयश्नैव दिवि प्रभान्ति

English

[Brahmin] "It is without mark and without qualities, and has no cause; I shall tell only the means by which it may or may not be grasped.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शक्रो गत: सर्वलोकामरत्वम्

English

Though rightly taught, it is seen like bees; by lack of understanding, action and understanding rest as if on marks of knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोके द्विष्टा: पन्नगा: सर्व एव

English

'This is to be done, this not' is not taught in liberations; understanding arises in those who see and hear for the self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापतौ पन्नगानां देवर्षीणां च संविदम्

English

As many parts as can be here, so many he should imagine, manifest and unmanifest, by hundreds and thousands,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहासके जानकार लोग उस विषयमें उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

all endowed with plurality, all with perception as their reason; beyond which there is nothing, there he will be in practice."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणस्तोत्रो5पानशस्त्र: सर्वत्यागसुदक्षिण:

English

dissolution of the body. The second relates to the manner of re-acquiring a body. The third has reference to the manner in which rebirth may be avoided. The fourth relates to the causes that operate for giving a body to Jiva. By Prakriti is meant Nature or that Nescience which is the cause of body. The fifth relates to the Any at or Param, viz., how final Emancipation or absorption into Brahman takes place. The sixth pertains to the manner in which the fruits of acts are enjoyed or endured. The seventh enquires after the way in which acts attach to Jiva even when devoid of a body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्याग ही उत्तम दक्षिणा है

English

summer is not so in winter, or that which is beneficial in youth is otherwise at old age. All the texts that I have seen have viditwa and not aviditiwa which Telang takes in his version for the Sacred Books of the East. Kala is always interpreted by the commentators of Charaka as referring to either period of life or period of the year. This, as well as the following verses, relates to the laws of health as expounded by

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋतं प्रशास्ता तच्छस्त्रमपवर्गो डस्य दक्षिणा

English

produce health. When one is excited or two, or all, indisposition sets in. They are called dosha or faults, because of their liability to be excited and product, disease. Telang, not suspecting that the whole passage is a reproduction of a passage in the ancient work edited by Charaka, misunderstands some expressions and wrongly renders doshan into 'disorders.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्यपृच्छन्नुपासीना: श्रेयो न: प्रोच्यतामिति

English

that in the first line of the next verse may be taken as the nom. of niyachachati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता है, वह शुभाचारी कहलाता है

English

[Vasudeva] On this too they cite an ancient tale: the conversation about liberation of a pupil with his teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहीं है। उसके समान सुखरूप भी कोई नहीं है

English

A wise pupil asked a brahmin teacher of strict vows, who was sitting, something about the highest good, scourge of foes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वनको व्याप्त करके स्थित हैं

English

"Blessed one, I have come to you for refuge, devoted to the highest good. I ask you with bowed head, brahmin: explain to me what I should say."

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो जाता है। तत्पश्चात् वह ब्रह्मरूप वन विलक्षणरूपसे प्रकाशित होता है

English

To the pupil who spoke thus, Partha, the teacher said, "Tell me, and I shall tell you where your doubt lies, brahmin."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानाश्रयं तृप्तितोयमन्तःक्षेत्रज्ञभास्करम्

English

So addressed, best of the Kurus, the pupil, devoted to his teacher, asked with folded hands; hear it, wise one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऊर्ध्व॑ चाधश्व तिर्यक् च तस्य नान्तोडथिगम्यते

English

[Pupil] "From where am I, and from where are you? Tell me that truth which is highest. From where are beings born, immovable and moving?

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऊपर-नीचे तथा इधर-उधर सब ओर व्याप्त है। उसका कहीं भी अन्त नहीं है

English

By what do beings live, and what is their lifespan like? What is truth, what austerity, brahmin? What virtues are declared by the good? What paths are auspicious? What is happiness, and what is evil?

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वान् यथा सत्यमनित्यता च

English

Tell me these questions truly, blessed best of men; you should rightly explain here the truth, sage of brahmins."

हिन्दी अर्थ

हमारे कल्याणका क्या उपाय है? यह बताइये'

English

[Vasudeva] To that pupil, who had come and rightly asked, endowed with virtue, calm, devoted to his teacher, like a shadow, self-controlled, an ascetic and celibate,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रद्य ते श्र॒त्वा प्राद्रवन् दिश:

English

the wise, firm-vowed teacher, Partha, answered all those questions rightly, best of the Kurus, scourge of foes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपनी-अपनी दिशा (अपने-अपने स्थान)-की ओर भाग चले

English

[Teacher] This dharma, declared as Brahman, served by the best of sages, to be obtained by the Veda's knowledge, making real the truth of things,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्पाणां दंशने भाव: प्रवृत्त: पूर्वमेव तु

English

the decision about past, future and present, dharma, desire and wealth, known to hosts of the perfected, ancient and eternal,

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानं॑ देवा व्यवसिता दममेव महर्षय:

English

I shall tell you today, greatly wise one, the supreme state, understanding which the wise here become perfected.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाना व्यवसिता: सर्वे सर्पदेवर्षिदानवा:

English

Long ago the sages, wishing to know from each other, Brihaspati, Bharadvaja, Gautama, Bhargava,

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृच्छातस्तदतो भूयो गुरुरन्यो न विद्यते

English

Vasishtha, Kashyapa, Vishvamitra and Atri, having travelled all the paths, tired by their own deeds,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुरु्बोद्धा च श्रोता च द्वेष्ट च हृदि निःसृत:

English

putting the aged sage Angirasa before them, saw Brahma, free of sin, in Brahma's abode.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस प्रकार हृदयमें प्रकट होनेवाला परमात्मा ही गुरु, ज्ञानी, श्रोता और द्वेष्टा है

English

Bowing to that great soul, sitting at ease, the great sages, with humility, asked this supreme highest good:

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभेन विचरल्लोंके शुभचारी भवत्युत

English

"How should action be done well, how may one be freed from sin? What paths are auspicious for us? What is truth, and what is evil?

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मचारी सहैवैष य इन्द्रियजये रत:

English

By what are the two paths of action, by what does one gain greatness, and what are dissolution and liberation, the origin and end of beings?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रियसंयममें प्रवृत्त रहनेवाला पुरुष सदा ही ब्रह्मचारी है

English

What the great-grandsire said, so addressed by the best of sages, I shall tell you, pupil; hear it as the tradition has it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मभूतश्चरल्लोंके ब्रह्मचारी भवत्ययम्

English

[Brahma] From truth beings were born, immovable and moving; they live by austerity; know this, you of good vows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपो ब्रद्दा गुरुब्रह्य स ब्रह्मणि समाहित:

English

Coming again to their own wombs, they go on by their own deeds. Truth, joined with qualities, is fixed and has five marks.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विदित्वा चान्वपद्यन्त क्षेत्रज्ञेनानुदर्शिता:

English

Truth is Brahman, truth is austerity, truth is Prajapati; from truth beings were born, and this great being is truth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदतीत्य महादुर्ग प्रविष्टोडस्मि महद् वनम्

English

Therefore brahmins, relying on truth, always devoted to yoga, beyond the heat of anger, restrained, are the bridges of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गिरय: पर्वताश्चैव कियत्यध्वनि तद् वनम्

English

I shall tell you of those knowers, mutually bound, who set going the bridges of dharma, eternal makers of the worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और नदियाँ हैं तथा वह कितनी दूरीपर है

English

The knowledge of the four Vedas, the four classes, and the four stages are separate; dharma is one, four-footed, the wise say, eternal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैतदस्त्यपृथग्भाव: किंचिद् दुःखतरं ततः

English

I shall tell you the path, twice-born, auspicious and giving safety, fixed for becoming Brahman, walked before by the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नास्ति तस्मात् सूक्ष्मतरं नास्त्यन्यत् तत्समं सुखम्

English

Listen, greatly fortunate ones, entire, to the path hard to know that I now tell, higher than the highest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न च बिभ्यति केषांचित् तेभ्यो बिभ्यति केचन

English

They say the stage of the celibate student is the first step, the householder's the second, the forest-dweller's next; and after that the supreme step is to be known as the spiritual.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किन्हीं प्राणियोंसे डरते हैं और न उन्हींसे दूसरे कोई प्राणी भय मानते हैं

English

Light, space, the sun, wind, Indra and Prajapati: as long as one does not reach the spiritual, so long he does not see these. I shall tell you the means to it; learn it first.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दीक्षाश्न सप्तैतदरण्यरूपम्

English

For sages living in the forest on fruit, roots and air, the forest-dweller's life is taught for the three twice-born classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यही उस वनका स्वरूप है

English

The householder's life is ordained for all classes; faith is its mark, so the steadfast declare of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सृजन्तः पादपास्तत्र व्याप्य तिष्ठन्ति तद् वनम्

English

These are the paths of the gods declared to you, the bridges of dharma, practised by the good and steadfast by their actions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वनको व्याप्त करके स्थित हैं

English

One of strict vows who follows dharma in each of these sees in time the origin and dissolution of beings always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सृजन्तः पादपास्तत्र व्याप्य तिष्ठन्ति तद् वनम्

English

Now I shall tell the principles truly, by reason, as they stand in objects, all present in their portions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ओरसे व्याप्त कर रखा है

English

The great self and the unmanifest, and the ego, the ten senses and the eleventh, the five great elements,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सृजन्तः पादपास्तत्र व्याप्य तिष्ठन्ति तद् वनम्

English

the five specific objects of the elements: so says the Vedic tradition. These twenty-four principles have been told to you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विसृजन्तौ महावृक्षौ तद् वन॑ व्याप्य तिषछतत:

English

The steadfast one who knows the origin and dissolution of all principles does not come to delusion among beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अचितेषु प्रलीनेषु तेष्वन्यद् रोचते वनम्

English

One who knows the principles as they are, and all the qualities and all the deities, shaking off sin and freeing himself from bondage, attains all the stainless worlds.