Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपास्यमाना गन्धर्व: स्त्रीसहस्लसमन्विता: ये चरन्ति महात्मानो नाकपृषछ्े वसन्ति ते

English

to control my inclinations by self-restraint. O good lady, do thou return to thy own bed.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये भवन्ति मनुष्याणां तान् मे निगदतः शृणु

English

[Yudhishthira] You earlier spoke of the rule of the shraddha with many kinds of meat; without killing, how can there be meat? This seems contradictory.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृत्युकाले हि भूतानां सद्यो जायति वेपथु: प्राणियोंका शरीर तुरंत काँप उठता है

English

Doubt has arisen in us about dharma in giving up meat: what fault is there in eating, and what merit in not eating?

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हि शक्‍्या गुणा वक्तुमपि वर्षशतैरपि

English

For one who kills and eats, or eats what has been brought by another, or who kills for another's sake, or buys and eats,

हिन्दी अर्थ

नृणां च संवाहयतां श्रूयते विविध: स्वन: तस्मादतिक्रमाम्येष भयादस्मात् सुदारुणात्

English

I wish to hear this in truth from you, blameless one, so that I may resolve to follow this eternal dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और उत्तम लक्ष्मी देखकर मैं अकारण ही उनसे कुढ़ता रहता था

English

How does one obtain long life, how become strong, how come to be free of defects, and how be born with good marks?

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिस्मृत्याथ जग्राह पादौ मूर्थ्नि कृताउ्जलि: यदहं प्राप्प कीटत्वमागतो राजपुत्रताम्

English

[Bhishma] Hear from me truly, O king, O best of the Kurus, what unrighteousness there is in eating meat, and what its best rule is.

हिन्दी अर्थ

था, उसका सर्वदा नाश नहीं हुआ है अथ मोदिष्यसे स्वर्गे ब्रह्मभूतो5व्यय: सुखी

English

Men desiring beauty, soundness of limb, long life, intelligence, strength and memory, if self-perfected, must avoid harm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्ग पुण्यं ब्राह्मण: साधुवृत्त:

English

On this there was often a dialogue of the sages, O best of the Kurus; hear their view, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जन्मप्रभृति मद्यं च सर्वे ते मुन॒य: स्मृता:

English

"The lady said, 'I bow to thee, bending my head. It behoves thee to show me thy grace. O sinless one, I prostrate myself before thee, do thou become my refuge. If indeed, thou seest such sin in congress with one that is not thy spouse, I yield myself unto thee. Do thou, O regenerate one, accept my hand in marriage. Thou wilt incur no sin. I tell thee truly. Know that I am my own mistress. If there by any sin in this, let it be mine alone. My heart is devoted to thee. I am my own mistress. Do thou accept me.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमांसभक्षणविर्धि पवित्रमृषिपूजितम् विशिष्टतां ज्ञातिषु च लभते नात्र संशय:

English

"Ashtavakra said, 'How is it, O good lady, that thou art thy own mistress. Tell me the reason of this. There is not a single woman in the three worlds that deserves to be regarded as the mistress of her own self. The father protects her while she is a maiden. The husband protects her while she is in youth. Sons protect her when she is aged. Women can never be independent as long as they live!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुच्येत्तथा55तुरो रोगाद् दुःखान्मुच्येत दु:खित:

English

"The lady said, 'I have since my maidenhood, adopted the vow of Brahmacharyya. Do not doubt it. I am still a maid. Do thou make me thy wife. O Brahmana, do not kill this devotion of mine to thee.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋद्धिमान् वै कुरुश्रेष्ठ प्राप्तुयाच्च महद् यश: और महान् यशकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

"Ashtavakra said, 'As thou art inclined to me, so I am inclined to thee. There is this question, however, that should be settled. Is it true that by yielding to my inclinations I shall not be regarded as acting in opposition to what the Rishi (Vadanya) wishes. This is very wonderful. Will this lead to what is beneficial? Here is a maiden adorned with excellent ornaments and robes. She is exceedingly beautiful. Why did decrepitude cover her beauty so long? At present she looks like a beautiful maiden. There is no knowing what form she may take hereafter. 1 1 shall never swerve from that restraint which I have over desire and the other passions or from contentment with what I have already got. Such swerving does not seem to be good. I shall keep myself united with truth!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवृत्ती च निवृत्ती च विधानमृषिनिर्मितम्

English

I adhere to Vadanya's daughter or shall I take this girl? I think this is rather far-fetched.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विसृज्य विविधान् भक्ष्यान् महारक्षोगणा इव खाण्डवान् रसयोगाजन्न तथेच्छन्ति यथा5डमिषम्

English

half of the last line of verse 25 is rendered erroneously by both the vernacular translators. Adhering to

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छा नहीं रखते, जैसी रुचि मांसके लिये रखते हैं

English

One who sacrifices with the Ashvamedha every month for a hundred years, and one who does not eat meat, are equal, in my view.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्षणे चैव ये दोषास्तांश्वैव पुरुषर्षभ हानियोंको पुनः सुनना चाहता हूँ

English

By abstaining from honey and meat one sacrifices always with the long sacrifice, gives always, and is always an ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करने योग्य क्या वस्तु है

English

All the Vedas and all sacrifices, O Bharata, would not do that, for one who, having eaten meat, afterwards turns back.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दोषा भक्षयतो ये5पि तनमे ब्रूहि पितामह इसे खानेवाले पुरुषको जो दोष प्राप्त होते हैं--ये सब बातें मुझे बताइये

English

It is hard for one who knows taste to give up meat; but this is the best vow, which gives fearlessness to all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नास्ति क्षुद्रतरस्तस्मात् स नृशंसतरो नर: तस्माद् दयां नर: कुर्याद् यथा55त्मनि तथा परे

English

The wise man who gives fearlessness as a gift to all beings becomes in the world a giver of lives, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपने ऊपर दया चाहता है, उसी तरह दूसरोंपर भी दया करे

English

So the wise praise the highest dharma: as one's own life is dear to oneself, so it is to other beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्षणे तु महान् दोषो निवृत्त्या पुण्यमुच्यते संशय नहीं है। अतः उससे निवृत्त होनेमें ही पुण्य बताया गया है

English

The wise and great-souled should reason by taking themselves as measure: even the learned who desire well-being fear death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत् सर्वेष्विह भूतेषु दया कौरवनन्दन

English

What then of those being killed by force, desiring life, healthy and sinless, by sinners who live on meat?

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस जगतमें समस्त प्राणियोंपर दया की जाय दयावतामिमे लोका: परे चापि तपस्विनाम्

English

Therefore know, great king, that giving up meat is the best abode of dharma, of heaven and of happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपस्वी पुरुषोंके लिये हहलोक और परलोक दोनों ही सुखद होते हैं

English

Non-harm is the highest dharma, non-harm is the highest austerity, non-harm is the highest truth; from it dharma proceeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदहिंसात्मकं कर्म तत् कुर्यादात्मवान् नर: अभयं तस्य भूतानि ददतीत्यनुशुश्रुम

English

Meat does not come from grass, wood or stone; it comes from killing a creature, and so there is fault in eating it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देते हैं। ऐसा हमने सुन रखा है

English

The gods eat svaha and svadha, and love truth and honesty; know that the flesh-eaters are rakshasas, devoted to crookedness and falsehood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतानि रक्षन्ति समेषु विषमेषु च मुच्यते भयकालेषु मोक्षयेद् यो भये परान्

English

In forests and terrible places, in hard and thick places, by night and day, at twilights, at crossroads and in assemblies, for one who does not eat meat, O king, fear does not come at the end.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हाात्मन: प्रियतरं किंचिदस्तीह निश्चितम्

English

If there were no eater, there would be no killer; the killer kills for the eater's sake.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूत्रस्वेदपुरीषाणां परुषैर्भुशदारुणै:

English

"This is not to be eaten," thus harm is turned away; so killing of deer and others goes on for the eater's sake.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पाच्यमानाश्र दृश्यन्ते विवशा मांसगृद्धिन: आक्रम्य मार्यमाणाश्ष भ्राम्यन्ते वै पुनः पुन:

English

Because he devours the lives of those who do harm, O greatly radiant one, one who desires his own well-being should give up meat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् प्राणिषु सर्वेषु दयावानात्मवान् भवेत्

English

Fierce destroyers of living beings find no protector; they are a terror to creatures, like beasts of prey.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गे स विपुल स्थान प्राप्त॒यान्नात्र संशय: भक्ष्यन्ते तेडपि भूतैस्तैरिति मे नास्ति संशय:

English

Through greed, delusion of mind, or for strength and vigour, or through association with the wicked, men come to take pleasure in unrighteousness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणियोंद्वारा भक्षण किये जाते हैं। इस विषयमें मुझे संशय नहीं है

English

One who wishes to enlarge his own flesh with another's flesh is born, wherever he lives, in a dwelling of fear.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतन्मांसस्यथ मांसत्वमनुबुद्ध्यस्व भारत खाऊँगा।” यही मांसका मांसत्व है--इसे ही मांस शब्दका तात्पर्य समझो

English

The restrained great sages say that not eating meat brings wealth, fame, long life, heaven and great blessing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता है, वह स्वयं भी दूसरोंके क्रोध और द्वेषका पात्र होता है

English

Now, son of Kunti, this I heard long ago from Markandeya, as he spoke of the faults in eating meat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मका फल भोगता है अहिंसा परमं॑ दानमहिंसा परमं तप:

English

He who eats the flesh of living beings who desire to live, whether killed or dead, is just like the one who kills them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहिंसा परम॑ मित्रमहिंसा परमं सुखम्

English

One who buys with money kills; the eater kills by enjoyment; the slayer kills by killing and binding. Thus killing is of three kinds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहिंस्र: सर्वभूतानां यथा माता यथा पिता है। हिंसा न करनेवाला मनुष्य सम्पूर्ण प्राणियोंके माता-पिताके समान है

English

A man who neither eats nor consents, but approves "it should be killed" by a fault of intention, is also stained with the fault.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कां गतिं प्रतिपन्नास्ते तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह किस गतिको प्राप्त हुए है? यह मुझे बताइये

English

One who does not eat meat, compassionate to living beings here, becomes unassailable by all beings, long-lived, healthy and happy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जानासि त्वं महाप्राज्ञ प्राणत्यागं सुदुष्करम्

English

The tradition says that the dharma of not eating meat is better than gifts of gold, cows and land, in every way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करना कितना दुःखदायक होता है। प्राणोंका त्याग करना अत्यन्त दुष्कर कार्य है कारण तत्र मे ब्रूहि सर्वज्ञो हसि मे मत:

English

One should not eat meat that is unsprinkled, needless or against rule; a man who eats it goes to hell, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसका क्या कारण है? यह मुझे बताइये; क्योंकि मेरी दृष्टिमें आप सर्वज्ञ हैं

English

Meat that is sprinkled and consecrated, and for a brahmin's wish, is to be known as of little fault here; otherwise one is stained.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारेडस्मिन् समायाता: प्राणिन: पृथिवीपते सम्यक् चायमनुप्रश्नस्त्वयोक्तस्तु युधिषछ्ठिर

English

The lowest of men who kills a creature for an eater's sake does great wrong; there the eater is at fault, not the killer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्वैधायनस्य संवादं कीटस्य च युधिष्ठिर

English

The ignorant man who, greedy for meat, kills a creature by the ways laid down in sacrifice and the Vedic texts is surely a man destined for hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन वृत्तान्त प्रसिद्ध है, वही तुम्हें बता रहा हूँ ददर्श कीटं धावन्तं शीघत्रं शकटवर्त्मनि

English

One who, having eaten meat, afterwards turns away, also has very great dharma, for he turns from sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक कीड़ेको गाड़ीकी लीकसे बड़ी तेजीके साथ भागते देखा

English

The bringer, the approver, the cutter, the buyer and seller, the cook and the eater: all these are killers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वज्ञ: स तदा दृष्टवा कीटं वचनमव्रवीत् बताओ तो सही--कहाँ भागे जा रहे हो? कहाँसे तुम्हें भय प्राप्त हुआ है?

English

I shall tell you another authority, framed by rule, ancient, practised by sages and settled in the Vedas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्वसतां च शृणोम्येनं गोपुत्राणां प्रतोद्यताम्

English

In the dharma marked by action, pursued by seekers of reward, it is as told, tiger among kings, but not for those who desire liberation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस अत्यन्त दारुण भयसे अपनी रक्षा करनेके लिये मैं यहाँसे भाग रहा हूँ

English

The oblation consecrated with mantras, sprinkled and pure, by the Vedic authority and in the rites for the ancestors; otherwise, Manu said, meat is wasteful and not to be eaten.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतो भीत: पलायामि गच्छेयं ना सुखं सुखात् मरणं ते सुखं मन्ये तिर्यग्योनौ तु वर्तसे

English

It is not conducive to heaven, nor to fame, and is demonic, best of the Bharatas; in the old days men ate meat only by rule, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाभिजानासि कीट त्वं श्रेयो मरणमेव ते

English

A man who wishes for himself lasting freedom from trouble should avoid altogether the flesh of living beings here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मानुषा: स्थैर्यजाश्वैव पृथग्भोगा विशेषत: प्राणियोंके भोग अलग-अलग हैं

English

It is heard that in the earlier age the animal of men was made of rice, with which sacrificers intent on holy worlds sacrificed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब्रद्याण्यो नृशंसश्न कदर्यो वृद्धिजीवन:

English

Asked a doubt by the sages, Vasu, lord of the Chedis, once said that meat was not to be eaten, and then that it was, O lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिथ्याकृतो5पि विधिना परस्वहरणे रत: दूसरोंके मालको हड़प लेनेमें संलग्न रहना--यही मेरा काम था

English

From the sky he fell to the earth, that lord of the earth; and having said this again, he entered the surface of the earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मात्सर्यात् स्वादुकामेन नृशंसेन बुभुक्षता

English

For the good of creatures, the great-souled Agastya consecrated by his austerity all forest beasts as sacred to all the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही भोजन कर लेता था न दत्तमर्थकामेन देयमन्नं पुरा किल

English

In this way rites resting on the ancestors and gods are not lost, and the ancestors are justly pleased, gratified with meat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परंतु धन-संग्रहकी कामनासे उस देनेयोग्य अन्नका भी दान नहीं करता था

English

But hear this, king of kings, as I tell it, blameless one: in not eating meat lies all happiness, O lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकस्मात् ते मया त्यक्ता न त्राता अभयैषिण: श्रियं दृष्टवा मनुष्याणामसूयामि निरर्थकम्

English

One who practises terrible austerity for a full hundred years, and one who gives up meat for one year, are equal in my view.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिवर्गहन्ता चान्येषामात्मकामानुवर्तक: स्मृत्वा तदनुतप्ये5हं हित्वा प्रियमिवात्मजम्

English

Especially in the Kaumuda bright fortnight, O lord of men, one should give up all meat, for dharma is enjoined there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

माता च पूजिता वृद्धा ब्राह्मणश्वार्चितो मया

English

One who gives up meat for the four rainy months gains four blessings: fame, long life, glory and strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिथि: पूजितो ब्रह्मंस्तेन मां नाजहात् स्मृति: तच्छोतुमहमिच्छामि त्वत्त: श्रेयस्तपोधन

English

Or if for even one month one eats no meat of any kind, he passes beyond all sorrows and lives happy and healthy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममैव कीट तत् कर्म येन त्वं न प्रमुहासे

English

For those who give up meat by the month or by the fortnight, and are turned from harm, Brahma's world is ordained.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपोबलाद्धि बलवद् बलमन्यन्न विद्यते अवाप्स्यसि पुनर्धर्म धर्म तु यदि मन्यसे

English

Meat in the Kaumuda fortnight has been avoided, Partha, by kings who were the self of all beings and knew the higher and lower.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मोडपि हि मनुष्येषु कामार्थश्च तथा गुणा:

English

By Nabhaga, Ambarisha, the great-souled Gaya, Ayus, Anaranya, Dilipa, Raghu and Puru,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि हास्यति मनुष्यस्य मन्दस्यापि हि जीवत: तत्र ते5हं विनेष्यामि ब्रद्नु त्वं यत्र वैष्यसि

English

by Kartavirya and Aniruddha, Nahusha and Yayati, Nriga, Vishvagashva, Shashabindu, Yuvanashva, and Shibi Aushinara,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वहीं तुम्हें पहुँचा दूँगा

English

by Shyenachitra, O king of kings, Somaka, Vrika, Raivata, Rantideva, Vasu and Srinjaya,

हिन्दी अर्थ

शकटो व्रजंश्व॒ सुमहानागतश्न यद्च्छया वहाँ आ पहुँचा और उसके पहियेसे दबकर चूर-चूर हो कीड़ेने प्राण त्याग दिये

English

by Dushyanta, Karusha, Rama, Alarka and Nala, Virupashva, Nimi, and the wise Janaka,

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्वाविद्वोधावराहाणां तथैव मृगपक्षिणाम्

English

by Sila and Prithu, by Virasena, Ikshvaku, Shambhu, Shveta and Sagara,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कीड़ा होकर भी आज राजकुमार हो गया हूँ

English

by these and others, O king of kings, meat was not eaten in the old days in the autumn Kaumuda month, and so they gained heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्यन्दनेषु च काम्बोजा युक्ता: परमवाजिन: सबान्धव: सहामात्यश्नलाश्रामि पिशितौदनम्

English

They stay in Brahma's world, blazing and glorious, served by gandharvas and accompanied by thousands of women.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वरार्हेषु महाभाग स्वपामि च सुपूजित:

English

This supreme, auspicious dharma marked by non-harm: the great souls who practise it dwell on the back of heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शय्याओंपर मैं बड़े सम्मानके साथ शयन करता हूँ स्तुवन्ति मां यथा देवा महेन्द्र प्रियवादिन:

English

The righteous who here always give up honey and meat and, from birth, liquor, are all held to be sages, and attain pre-eminence among kinsmen, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदहं कीटतां प्राप्य सम्प्राप्तो राजपुत्रताम्

English

One in distress is freed from distress, a bound man from bonds, a sick man from sickness, and a sorrowing man from sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वत्तपोबलनिर्दिष्टमिदं हृधिगतं मया अद्य ते कीटतां प्राप्य स्मृतिर्जाता जुगुप्सिता

English

He does not go to an animal womb; he is handsome, wise, O best of the Kurus, and gains great fame.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रेणार्थप्रधानेन नृशंसेनाततायिना

English

This has been told to you, O king, on giving up meat, and the rule of engagement and withdrawal framed by the sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यक्त्वा स कीटतां राज॑ंश्वचार विपुलं तप: आजगाम द्विजश्रेष्ठ: कृष्णद्वैपषायनस्तदा

English

the commentator's explanation, they add their own interpretation which is different. This sort of jumble is very peculiar.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृच्छामि त्वां सतां श्रेष्ठ तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

They do not so desire cakes of various forms, various vegetables, the shadava dishes and mixtures of flavours as they do meat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है--यह मुझे प्रत्यक्ष दिखायी देता है पुण्यस्यैव हि ते सत्त्वं पुण्यस्यैव च दर्शनम्

English

On this my mind is bewildered at this point: I do not think there is anything here better in taste than meat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोअन्यत् कर्म यक्किंचिन्न पुण्यं न च पातकम्

English

So I wish to hear the merits of not eating meat, and the faults in eating it, O best of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। प्रभो! यदि आप आज्ञा दें तो मैं कुछ कहूँ ब्रृहि तत्त्वं महाप्राज्ञ शुश्रेषे वचनं तव

English

Tell me all of it truly, knower of dharma, rightly and by dharma: what may be eaten and what may not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्यातपो भ्यां हि भवान् भावितात्मा न संशय:

English

[Bhishma] It is so, mighty-armed one, as you say, O Bharata: there is nothing else on earth that so exceeds meat in taste.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूयो बुद्ध्यानुपश्यामि सुसमृद्धतपा इव मन्ये भवत्प्रसादो5यं तद्धि कर्म स्वभावत:

English

For those wasted by wounds and tormented, those given to worldly pleasures, and those worn by travel, there is nothing better than meat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वभावत: बन गया है

English

It at once increases the vital breaths and gives the best nourishment; no food exceeds meat, scourge of foes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिभिर्गुणै: समुदितस्ततो भवति वै द्विज: न हि श्रुतवतां किंचिदधिकं ब्राह्मणादृते

English

But in giving it up there are many merits, delight of the Kurus, that come to men; hear them as I tell them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षात्रं देवव्रतं ध्यायंस्ततो विप्रत्वमेष्यसि

English

One who wishes to enlarge his own flesh with the flesh of others, no man is meaner than he or more cruel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभे: संविभजन् कामैरशुभानां च पावनै: क्षात्रीं तनुं समुत्सृज्य ततो विप्रत्वमेष्यसि

English

Nothing in the world is dearer than life; therefore a man should show compassion to others as to himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महर्षे्वचनं श्रुत्वा प्रजा धर्मेण पाल्य च

English

Meat arises, dear child, from semen, without doubt; and in eating it great fault comes together with the killing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आजगाम महाप्राज्ञ: कृष्णद्वैपायनस्तदा शुभकृच्छुभयोनीषु पापकृत् पापयोनिषु

English

The knowers of the Veda know that dharma is marked by non-harm; what action is harmless, a self-possessed man should do.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्मृत्युभयात् कीट मा व्यथिष्ठा: कथंचन

English

In sacrifices to ancestors and gods the oblation is called consecrated; when eaten by the rule seen in the Veda, one is not stained.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोपका भय अवश्य होना चाहिए, इसलिये उत्तम धर्मका आचरण करते रहो सुखात् सुखतरं प्राप्तो भगवंस्त्वत्कृते हुहम्

English

It is also heard in scripture that animals were created for sacrifice; for those acting otherwise, the rule is called demonic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भगवद्धचनात् कीटो ब्राद्दाण्यं प्राप्प दुर्लभम्

English

Hear also from me the rule seen for kshatriyas, by which meat won by valour does not stain him who eats it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत:ः सालोक्यमगमद् ब्रह्माणो ब्रद्मृवित्तम: स्वकर्मफलनिर्वत्तं व्यासस्य वचनात् तदा

English

The forest beasts were all consecrated as sacred to all the gods by Agastya long ago, O king, and so hunting is honoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुआ कि उस कीटने सनातन ब्रह्मपद प्राप्त कर लिया

English

There is no hunting without risking oneself; meeting on equal terms, one may slay the beast, or may not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्प्राप्तास्ते गतिं पुण्यां तस्मान्मा शोच पुत्रक एकोनविंशत्यधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

Therefore all royal sages go hunting, O Bharata; they are not stained by fault, and they do not hold it a sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठ है? यह मैं आपसे पूछता हूँ, मुझे बताइये मैत्रेयस्य च संवाद कृष्णद्वैयायनस्यथ च

English

For nothing is higher, here and hereafter, than compassion toward all beings in this world, delight of the Kurus.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवादरूप इस प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया जाता है

English

A compassionate man never has fear here; these worlds and the next belong to the compassionate and to ascetics.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाराणस्यामुपातिष्ठ न्मैत्रेयं स्वैरिणीकुले अर्चित्वा भोजयामास मैत्रेयो5शनमुत्तमम्

English

We have heard that beings give freedom from fear to him who, devoted to compassion, gives freedom from fear to all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और उन्हें उत्तम अन्न भोजन कराया

English

Wounded, stumbling, fallen, afflicted or struck, all beings protect him, on level and uneven ground.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिष्ठमानो5स्मयत प्रीत: कृष्णो महामना: व्यासजी बहुत संतुष्ट हुए। फिर जब वे वहाँसे चलने लगे तो मुस्कराये

English

Beasts of prey do not kill him, nor do pishachas or rakshasas; he is freed in times of fear, and frees others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कारणं ब्रूहि धर्मात्मन् व्यस्मयिष्ठा: कुतश्न ते

English

There is no gift higher than giving life, nor was, nor will be; it is certain that nothing is dearer to one than oneself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अल्पान्तरमहं मन्ये विशिष्टमपि चान्वयात् सकता। भला, वेद क्‍यों असत्य कहेगा?

English

Death is disagreeable to all beings, O Bharata; at the time of death trembling arises in them at once.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न द्रह्मेच्चैव दद्याच्च सत्यं चैव परं वदेत्

English

In the sorrows of birth, rebirth and old age, in the ocean of rebirth, creatures ever turn and shrink from death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इदानीं चैव न: कृत्यं पुरस्ताच्च परिश्रुतम् तृषिताय च ते दत्त हृदयेनानसूयता

English

In the womb they are cooked by bitter, sour and pungent humours, and by the very cruel touch of urine, phlegm and faeces.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अजैषीर्महतो लोकान् महायज्ञैरिव प्रभो

English

Born, helpless, they are torn again and again and shown cut open, helpless, those who craved meat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुण्यका ही बल है और तुम्हारा दर्शन भी पुण्यका ही दर्शन है

English

They are cooked in the Kumbhi hell, reaching one womb after another; attacked and killed, they wander again and again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिकं मार्जनात् तात तथा चैवानुलेपनात् पूर्तिसे भी बढ़कर है

English

Nothing on earth is dearer than oneself; therefore one should be compassionate and self-possessed toward all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां श्रेष्ठतरं दानमिति मे नात्र संशय:

English

One who for all his life, O king, eats no meat of any kind attains a vast place in heaven, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, इस विषयमें मुझे संशय नहीं है ते हि प्राणस्य दातारस्तेषु धर्म: प्रतिष्ठित:

English

Those who eat the flesh of beings who wish to live are in turn eaten by those beings; of this I have no doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस संसारमें दान भी अत्यन्त उत्तम माना गया है

English

"He eats me, therefore I shall eat him": this is the meaning of the word for meat (mamsa); understand it, O Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखात् सुखतरप्राप्तिमाप्रुते मतिमान्नर: श्रीमन्तः प्राप्तुवन्त्यर्थान् दान॑ं यज्ञं तथा सुखम्

English

The killer is always killed, and the binder bound; the reviler is reviled, O king, and the hater is hated.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृश्यते हि महाप्राज्ञ नियतं वै स्वभावत:

English

By whatever body one does whatever deed, with that very body one enjoys its fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाती है। सुख और दुःख मनुष्यके स्वभावके अनुसार नियत हैं पुण्यमन्यत् पापमन्यन्न पुण्यं न च पापकम्

English

Non-harm is the highest dharma, non-harm is the highest self-control, non-harm is the highest gift, non-harm is the highest austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापमय तथा पुण्य-पाप दोनोंसे रहित

English

Non-harm is the highest sacrifice, non-harm is the highest strength, non-harm is the highest friend, non-harm the highest happiness, non-harm the highest truth, non-harm the highest teaching.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा स्वकर्मनिर्वत्तं न पुण्यंन च पापकम् येअभिद्रह्मन्ति भूतानि ते वै पापकृतो जना:

English

Gifts in all sacrifices, bathing in all tirthas, or the fruit of all gifts: none of this is equal to non-harm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहो, दान दो और यज्ञ करो। विद्वान् और तपस्वी तुम्हारा पराभव नहीं कर सकेंगे अत्यन्तश्रीमति कुले जात: प्राज्ञो बहुशुतः

English

The austerity of the non-harming is inexhaustible; the non-harming always sacrifices; the non-harming is to all beings as mother and father.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुज्ञातश्न भवता किंचिद् ब्रूयामहं विभो

English

This is the fruit of non-harm, and more, O best of the Kurus; its virtues cannot be told here even in hundreds of years.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणसे बढ़कर दूसरा कोई मान्य नहीं है

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'Tell me why had that lady no fear of Ashtavakra's curse although Ashtavakra was endued with great energy? How also did Ashtavakra succeed in coming back from that place?'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तप: पवित्र वेदस्य तप: स्वर्गस्थ साधनम् वास्तवमें तपस्या पवित्र और वेदाध्ययन एवं स्वर्गका उत्तम साधन है

English

[Yudhishthira] The giving up of life by men in a great battle is painful; I know the truth, knower of dharma, that giving up life is very hard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् गृहाण प्रथम प्रशस्तं गृहमेधिनाम् दानेन तपसा चैव सर्वपापमपोहति

English

Whether in prosperity or in adversity, in good or in ill, tell me the reason there, for you are held by me to be all-knowing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाता है, उसी प्रकार दान और तपस्यासे मनुष्यके सारे पाप नष्ट हो जाते हैं

English

[Bhishma] Whether in prosperity or in adversity, in good or in ill, beings born in this cycle of rebirth, O lord of the earth,

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतन्मनसि कर्ताव्यं श्रेय एवं भविष्यति श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं त्वत्तस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

hear from me the reason by which feeling they are fond of life. This is a good question you have put, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वरूप है? यह मैं आपके मुखसे सुनना चाहता हूँ। उसे मुझे बताइये

English

On this I shall tell you, O king, an old event: the dialogue between Dvaipayana and an insect, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कैकेयी सुमना नाम शाण्डिलीं पर्यपृच्छत एवं मनस्विनी शाण्डिलीदेवीसे केकयराजकी पुत्री सुमनाने इस प्रकार प्रश्न किया--

English

Once the brahmin Krishna Dvaipayana, moving as one with Brahman, saw an insect running swiftly on a cart-track.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधूय सर्वपापानि देवलोक॑ त्वमागता

English

Knowing the course of all beings and the cries of embodied creatures, all-knowing and all-giving, he saw the insect and spoke.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करके देवलोकमें पदार्पण किया है? सुता ताराधिपस्येव प्रभया दिवमागता

English

"Insect, you seem terrified and hasty. Where do you run? Tell me, from where has this fear come to you?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

चातुर्वर्ण्य न वर्तेत धर्माधमावृतानृते प्रतिग्रहीता दानस्य मोघं स्थात् धनिनां धनम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'Ashtavakra asked her, saying,— How dost thou succeed in altering thy form so? Thou shouldst not say anything that is untrue. I wish to know this. Speakest thou truly before a Brahmana.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पा सके तो धनियोंका धन व्यर्थ हो जाय

English

"The lady said, 'O best of Brahmana, wherever thou mayst reside in heaven or on Earth, this desire of union between the sexes is to be observed. O thou of infallible prowess, listen, with concentrated attention, to this all. This trial was devised by me. O sinless one, for testing thee aright. O thou of infallible prowess, thou hast subjugated all the worlds for not foregoing your previous resolution. Know that I am the embodiment of the Northern point of the compass. Thou hast seen the lightness of the female character. Even women that are aged are tortured by the desire of sexual union. The Grandsire himself and all the deities with Indra have been pleased with thee. The object for which thy illustrious self has come here (is known to me). O foremost of regenerate persons, thou hast been despatched higher by the Rishi Vadanya— the father of thy bride—in order

हिन्दी अर्थ

तं चान्न पाति यश्चान्नं स हन्‍्ता हन्यतेडबुध: रक्षा करता है। जो मूर्ख दानके फलका हनन करता है, वह स्वयं भी मारा जाता है

English

that I may instruct thee. Agreeably to the wishes of that Rishi I have already instructed thee. Thou wilt return home in safety. Thy journey back will not be toilsome. Thou wilt obtain for wife and girl thou hast chosen. She will bear thee a son. Through desire I had solicited thee, thou madest me the very best answer. The desire for sexual union is incapable of being transcended in the three worlds. Go back to thy quarters, having achieved such merit. What else is there that thou wishest to hear from me? I shall discourse on it, O Ashtavakra, in accordance with the truth. I was gratified by the Rishi Vadanya in the first instance for thy sake, O regenerate ascetic For the sake of honouring him, I have said all this to thee.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

स चाजन्नाज्जायते तस्मात् सूक्ष्म एष व्यतिक्रम:

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Hearing these words of hers, the regenerate Ashtavakra joined his hands in a reverential attitude. He then solicited the lady for her permission to go back. Obtaining the permission he came back to his own asylum. Resting himself for some time at home and obtaining the permission of his kinsmen and friends, he then in a proper way, proceeded, O delighter of the Kurus, to the Brahmana Vadanya. Welcomed with the usual enquiries by Vadanya, the Rishi Ashtavakra, with a well-pleased heart, narrated all that he had seen (in course of his sojourn to the North). He said,— Commanded by thee I proceeded to the mountains of Gandhamadana. In the regions lying to the north of these mountains I beheld a very superior goddess. I was received by her with courtesy. She named you in my hearing and also instructed me in various matters. Having listened to her I have come back, O lord. Unto him that said so, the learned Vadanya said,— Take my daughter's hand according to due rites and under the proper

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह प्रजा (विद्वान ब्राह्मण) से अन्नकी उत्पत्तिका विषय दुर्विज्ञेय है न होकचक्रं वर्तेत इत्येवमृषयो विदु:

English

[Bhishma] Thus addressed, he said to him: "Where is there happiness for you, insect? I think death would be happiness for you, since you live in an animal womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानाध्ययनसम्पन्नास्ते वै पूज्यतमा: सदा

English

You do not know sound, touch, taste, smell and the many high and low enjoyments, insect; death is better for you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते हि स्वर्गस्य नेतारो यज्ञवाहा: सनातना: मैत्रेयभिक्षायामेकविंशत्यधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

[Insect] "The soul takes delight everywhere, and so here too I have happiness, great sage; I am aware of it, and therefore I wish to live.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिष्ट्यैवं त्वं विजानासि दिष्ट्या ते बुद्धिरीदृशी

English

Here too all objects are as the body prompts; humans and animals have separate enjoyments, specially.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाग्यसे ही तुमको ऐसी बुद्धि प्राप्त हुई है रूपमानवयोमानश्रीमानाश्षाप्पसंशयम्

English

In the past I was a man, a wealthy shudra, hostile to brahmins, cruel, a miser and a usurer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तानि वेदं पुरस्कृत्य प्रवृत्तानि यथाक्रमम्

English

Sharp of tongue, crafty of mind, a robber of everyone, secretly a destroyer, devoted to taking others' property.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्यान्य जो पाप हैं, उन्हें भी तपस्यासे ही वह दूर कर सकता है

English

In my house I kept servants and guests with stale food, from spite, a cruel man wanting good flavour and wishing to prosper.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वमेतदवाप्रोति विद्यया चेति नः श्रुतम् विद्यासे प्राप्त हो जाता है; यह हमारे सुननेमें आया है

English

Food prepared out of faith for gods and for ancestral sacrifice I did not give, desiring wealth; food that should be given purifies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व वै तपसाभ्येति तपो हि बलवत्तरम्

English

Those who came for refuge in times of fear, taking shelter in a hidden place, I abandoned, not out of sudden fear, and I did not protect the fearful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह सब तपस्यासे सुलभ हो जाता है; क्योंकि तपस्याका बल सबसे बड़ा है तपस्विनं तथैवाहुस्ताभ्यां कार्य सदा नम:

English

Seeing men's wealth, grain, beloved wives, vehicles, clothes and marvellous prosperity, I was envious to no purpose.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानप्रदा: सुख प्रेत्य प्राप्गुवन्तीह च श्रियम्

English

Envious on seeing another's happiness, aggressive, wishing no one's prosperity, destroying others' three aims, following my own desire,

हिन्दी अर्थ

धन-सम्पत्ति और परलोकमें सुख पाते हैं अन्नदानै: सुकृतिन: प्रतिपद्यन्ति लौकिका:

English

I remember the deeds I did long ago, full of cruel qualities, and I repent them, as one gives up a dear son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स दाता यत्र यत्रैति सर्वतः सम्प्रणूयते

English

I know too the fruit of my good deeds: I honoured my aged mother, and I honoured a brahmin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जहाँ-जहाँ जाते हैं, सब ओर उनकी स्तुति की जाती है यदि चोर्ध्व॑ यद्यधो वा स्वॉललोकानभियास्यति

English

Once a guest endowed with good birth and merit, having met me, came to my house, and I honoured him, O brahmin; by that my memory did not leave me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मेधाव्यसि कुले जात: श्रुतवाननृशंसवान्

English

By that deed I see hope of happiness here. I wish to hear from you what is best, wealthy in austerity."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्रीके समान अपनी उज्ज्वल प्रभासे प्रकाशित होती हुई स्वर्गगलोकमें आयी हो

English

constellations. Thou art the fittest bridegroom I can select for the girl.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृंगार करना पसंद नहीं करती थी आन्तरेष्वपि कार्येषु तेन तुष्पति मे मन:

English

[Vyasa] "By mere sight I help you across, by the power of austerity; and there is no other strength greater than the strength of austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दारुणान्यपि भूतानि सान्त्वेनाराधयेद् यथा

English

I know that you went to this state by your own sins, insect; you will gain the highest dharma if you, standing in dharma, think so.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भयानक प्राणीको वशमें कर सकता है गृहीत्वा रक्षसा मुक्तो द्विजाति: कानने यथा

English

The gods and the animals enjoy what is made in the field of action; and among men, by dharma, desire and wealth come according to merits.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहीत: कृच्छूमापन्नो रक्षसा भक्षयिष्यता

English

What does a wise man lose, endowed with speech, mind, hands and feet, even if he lives dull-witted?

हिन्दी अर्थ

सामैवास्मिन् प्रयुयुजे न मुमोह न विव्यथे प्रति उसने साम नीतिका ही प्रयोग किया

English

A living man performs the worship of the moon and the sun, foremost of brahmins; how, insect, will you come to holy worship there?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोक्ष्यसे ब्रूहि मे प्रश्न केनास्मि हरिण: कृश:

English

You will enjoy beings who are the qualities there; and there I shall lead you to Brahma-hood, wherever you wish."

हिन्दी अर्थ

किस कारणसे अत्यन्त दुर्बल और सफेद (पाण्डु) हो गया हूँ! आभिर्गाथाभिरव्यग्र: प्रश्न प्रतिजगाद ह

English

Agreeing "So be it," the insect stayed on the road; he went to see that sage, through all the other wombs,

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयानतुलान् भुड्क्षे तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

dog, iguana, boar, deer and birds, the wombs of the dog-eaters, vaishyas and shudras, and kshatriyas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमानस्था शुभा भासि सहस्रगुणमोजसा तुम्हारी मंगलमयी आकृति है, तुम अपने तेजसे सहख्रगुनी शोभा पा रही हो

English

'Bhishma continued, 'Ashtavakra said,— So be it and took the hand of the girl. Indeed, the highly righteous Rishi, having espoused the girl, became filled with joy. Having taken as his wife that beautiful damsel, the Rishi continued to dwell in his own asylum, freed from (mental) fever of every kind.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

इमं लोकमनुप्राप्ता त्वं हि तत्त्व वदस्व मे

English

[Insect] "This is that incomparable place desired, with ten qualities, which I, having been an insect, have reached as a prince.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नम्रतापूर्ण शब्दोंमें इस प्रकार कहा-- न च मुण्डा च जटिला भूत्वा देवत्वमागता

English

Very strong elephants with gold garlands carry me, and in chariots Kambojas, the finest horses, are yoked.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्रमत्ता च भर्तारें कदाचिन्नाहमब्रुवम्

English

Vehicles yoked with camels and mules carry me; with my kin and ministers I eat meat and rice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वचन नहीं निकाले हैं सावधान होकर संलग्न रहती थी

English

In well-appointed houses, on pleasant couches, and the most precious ones, O fortunate one, I sleep here well honoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहस्यमरहस्यं वा न प्रवर्तामि सर्वथा

English

In every last watch of the night, bards, heralds and panegyrists praise me with pleasing words as they do the god Mahendra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आसनेनोपसंयोज्य पूजयामि समाहिता बैठनेके लिये आसन देती और एकाग्रचित्त हो उनकी पूजा करती थी

English

By the favour of you whose word is true and splendour is boundless, I, who was an insect, have come to princehood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्ष्यं वा यदि वा लेहां तत्सव॑ वर्जयाम्यहम्

English

Salutations to you, great sage; what shall I do? Command me. By the power of your austerity this has been shown to me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

या लेह्म आदिको वे नहीं पसंद करते थे, उन सबको मैं भी त्याग देती थी मंगलैर्बहुभिय्युक्ता भवामि नियता तदा

English

[Vyasa] "I have been honoured by you today with words, O king, by chance. Today you, having been an insect, have recovered a memory free of disgust.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रसाधन च निष्क्रान्ते नाभिनन्दामि भर्तरि

English

Yet there is no end of the sin you accumulated long ago as a shudra, intent on wealth, cruel and aggressive.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुप्तगुह्दमा सदा चास्मि सुसम्मृष्टनिवेशना

English

You have come to see me, and that was your earlier good deed, born in an animal womb, and also by your honouring me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पतिधर्म महाभागा जगामादर्शनं तदा त्रयोविंशत्यधिकशततमो ध्याय:

English

From this princehood you will reach brahmin-hood, having offered your life on the battlefield for cows and brahmins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रत्रूहि भरतश्रेष्ठ यदत्र व्यतिरिच्यते

English

Having had the happiness of a prince and sacrifices with fees given, you will then rejoice in heaven, one with Brahman, imperishable and happy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषप्रकृतिं ज्ञात्वा तयोरेकतरं भजेत् पुरुषके स्वभावको समझकर दोनोंमेंसे एकको अपनाना चाहिए

English

From an animal womb one goes to shudra-hood; a shudra to vaishya-hood and kshatriya-hood; a vaishya, a kshatriya praising good conduct, to brahmin-hood; a brahmin of good conduct to holy heaven."

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वदोषादपरज्यन्ते तेनासि हरिण: कृश: अवजानन्ति नून॑ त्वां तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'Whom do the eternal Brahmanas strictly observing religious rites call a proper object of gifts? Is a Brahmana that bears the symbols of the order of life he follows to be regarded as such or one who does not bear such indications is to be so regarded?' l

हिन्दी अर्थ

सफेद (पीले) पड़ते जा रहे हो हीयमानोसि दुर्वत्तैस्तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'Why, O grandsire, are there five viz., he that is a stranger, he that is endued with learning (connected with the duties of his order), he that is connected by marriage, he that is endued with penances, and he that adheres to the performance of sacrifices, regarded as proper persons?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सूखकर पीला पड़ता जा रहा है

English

"Bhishma said, 'The first three, viz., strangers, relatives, and ascetics, when possessed of these attributes, viz., purity of birth, devotion to religious acts, learning, compassion, modesty, sincerity, and truthfulness, are regarded as proper persons. The other two, viz., men of learning and those devoted to

हिन्दी अर्थ

तज्ज्ैर्न पूज्यसे नूनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश: गुणास्ते न विराजन्ते तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

Protect all subjects rightly, knowing good and ill, self-possessed, sharing out good things with desires and the cleansing of evil ones.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महत प्रार्थयसे नूनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

Be self-possessed and glad, intent on your own dharma; giving up the kshatriya body, you will then become a brahmin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बान्धवा नाभिनन्दन्ति तेनासि हरिण: कृश: युवा सुललित: कामी तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

[Bhishma] Then, Yudhishthira, he went to the forest and, having heard the great sage's words and ruled his subjects by dharma,

हिन्दी अर्थ

न भाति काले5भिहितं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

in no long time that insect, best of kings, by the dharma of protecting subjects, died and became a brahmin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुनेतुं न शकनोषि तेनासि हरिण: कृश: कश्चिदर्थयते नित्यं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

Then, seeing that brahmin again, the greatly renowned and wise Krishna Dvaipayana came.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममार्थ इति जानीते तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

[Vyasa] "O best of brahmins, glorious one, do not be troubled in any way; the doer of good enters good wombs and the doer of evil evil wombs, O knower of dharma, according to dharma and tradition."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सफेद (पीले) होते जा रहे हो

English

"Bhishma said, 'O monarch, it has been said that gifts should be made unto a Brahmana that adheres to the duties of his own order, whether, he bears the indications of a Brahmachari or not, for both are faultless, viz., he that bears such indications and he that is divested of them.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राज्ञो5प्राज्ञान विनीतात्मा तेनासि हरिण: कृश: माहात्म्याद् व्यथसे नूनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'What fault does an uncleansed person incur, if he makes gifts of sacrificial butter or food with great devotion unto persons of the regenerate order?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यही तुम्हारी उदासी और दुर्बलताका कारण है

English

"Bhishma said, 'Even one that is most destitute of self-restraint becomes, without doubt, cleansed by devotion. Such a man, O thou of great splendour, becomes cleansed in respect of every act (and not with reference to gift alone).'

हिन्दी अर्थ

जितं त्वां मन्यते साधो तेनासि हरिण: कृश: सफेद होते जा रहे हो

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'It has been said that a Brahmana that is sought to be employed in an act having reference to the deities, should never be examined. The learned, however, say that with respect to such acts as have reference to the Pitris, the Brahmana that is sought to be employed, should be examined (in the matter of both his conduct and competence).'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्ये त्वं ध्यायसि जनांस्तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Bhishma said, 'As regards acts that have reference to the deities, these fructify not in consequence of the Brahmana that is employed in doing the rites but through the grace of the deities themselves. Without doubt, those persons that perform sacrifice obtain the merit attached to those acts, through the grace of the deities, l The Brahmanas, O chief of the Bharatas, are always devoted of Brahman. The Rishi Markandeya, one of the greatest Rishis endued with intelligence in all the worlds, said this in days

हिन्दी अर्थ

यशः प्रार्थयसे नूनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश: उत्सुक हो। इसीलिये कृुशकाय और पीले हो रहे हो

English

sacrifices, when endued with five of these attributes, viz., purity of birth, compassion, modesty, sincerity, truthfulness, are also regarded as proper persons. Listen now to me, O son of Pritha, as I recite to thee the opinions of these four persons of mighty energy, viz., the goddess Earth, the Rishi Kasyapa, Agni (the deity of fire) and the ascetic Markandeya.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मान्यान् पूज्यांश्व॒ गाड़ेय रहस्यं वक्तुमहसि

English

[Bhishma] On this too they cite an ancient tale: the dialogue between Maitreya and Krishna Dvaipayana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषय: प्रमथा: श्रीक्ष चित्रगुप्तो दिशां गजा: महादानफल चैव सर्वयज्ञफलं तथा

English

Krishna Dvaipayana, O king, going about unrecognised, came to Maitreya in Varanasi, in a low woman's family.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्पन्न हो जाता है

English

Knowing him present and seated, the best of sages, Maitreya honoured him and fed him the finest food.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समान एक वेश्या और दस वेश्याओंके समान एक राजा है त्रिवर्गसहितं शास्त्र पवित्र पुण्यलक्षणम्

English

Having eaten that excellent, virtuous food, which satisfied every wish, the great-minded Krishna, as he departed, smiled, pleased.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिपादन करनेवाला जो शास्त्र है, वह पवित्र एवं पुण्यका परिचय करानेवाला है

English

Seeing him smile, Maitreya said to Krishna: "Tell me the reason, righteous one: why did you smile, and from what? Great joy has come to you, steadfast ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रोतव्यं धर्मसंयुक्त विहितं त्रिदशै: स्वयम् देवतानां च सर्वेषां रहस्यं कथ्यतेडखिलम्

English

I ask you this, wise one, having bowed and saluted you, about your own austerity, fortune and good fortune.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतत् फलमवाप्रोति यो नरोडतिथिपूजक:

English

Practising separately, dear friend, each of us for himself, I think the difference between us is small, or you are the more distinguished."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां व्यक्त जिता लोका: श्रद्धधानेन साधुना धर्म च लभते नित्यं प्रेत्य लोकगतो नर:

English

[Vyasa] "This time has come through excessive cutting and excessive talk; the Veda's word is untruth; why would the Veda speak what is false?

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतमन्यैरपह्तं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"The Earth said, 'As a clod of mud, when thrown into the great ocean quickly dissolves away, even so every kind of sin disappears in the three

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकारणेड5भिशप्तो5सि तेनासि हरिण: कृश: मुक्तांक्षावसथे सक्तांस्तेनासि हरिण: कृशः:

English

high attributes viz., officiation at sacrifices, teaching and receiving of gifts. I

हिन्दी अर्थ

अलमर्थगुणैहीनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Kasyapa said, 'The Vedas with their six branches, the Sankhya philosophy, the Puranas, and high birth, these fail to rescue a regenerate person if he falls away from good conduct.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

हीन पाते हो; शायद इसीलिये तुम सफेद और दुबले-पतले हो गये हो न प्रतीयन्ति ते नूनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Agni said, 'That Brahmana who, engaged in study and regarding himself learned, seeks with the aid of his learning to destroy the reputation of others, falls away from righteousness, and comes to be regarded as dissociated from truth. Verily regions of felicity herein-after are never attained to by such a person of destructive genius.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्प वर्तयसे नूनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Markandeya said, 'If a thousand Horse-sacrifices and Truth were weighed in the balance, I do not know whether the former would weigh even half as heavy as the latter.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

लेकर उसीपर गुजारा करते हो; इसीलिये तुम कान्तिहीन और दुर्बल हो ध्रुवं गर्हयसे नित्यं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Having spoken these words, those four persons, each of whom is endued with immeasurable energy, viz., the goddess Earth, Kasyapa, Agni, and Bhrigu's son armed with weapons, quickly went away.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पाण्डुवर्णके हो गये हो

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'If Brahmanas observant of the vow of Brahmacharyya in this world solicit the offerings one makes (unto one's deceased ancestors in Sraddhas) I ask, can the Sraddha be regarded well- performed, if the performer actually makes over those offerings unto such Brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुहृदामुपरोधेन तेनासि हरिण: कृश: सखायमकरोच्चैनं संयोज्यार्थमुमोच ह

English

"Bhishma said, 'If, having practised the vow of Brahmacharyya for the prescribed period (of twelve years) and acquired proficiency in the Vedas and their branches, a Brahmana himself solicits the offering made in Sraddhas and eats the same, he is regarded to fall away from his vow. The Sraddha, however, is not regarded as stained in any way.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

चतुर्विशत्यधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'The wise have said that duty of righteousness has many ends and numerous doors. Tell me, O grandsire, what however are the settled conclusions in this matter.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेयोडर्थिना दरिद्रेण कि कर्तव्यं पितामह अपना कल्याण चाहनेवाले दरिद्र पुरुषको क्या करना चाहिए?

English

Bhishma said, 'Abstention from injury to others, truthfulness, the absence of wrath (forgiveness), compassion, self-restraint, and sincerity or candour, O monarch, are the indications of Righteousness. There are persons who wander over the earth, praising righteousness but without practising what they

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयोंका वर्णन कीजिये धर्माणां परम॑ गुह्ां भीष्म: प्रोवाच पार्थिवम्

English

After happiness comes sorrow, and after sorrow happiness; this is seen, great sage, to be fixed by nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकार पूछनेपर भीष्मजीने उनसे धर्मका परम गुह्य रहस्य बताना आरम्भ किया

English

The wise say that a man's conduct here is of three kinds: one is merit, one is sin, and one is neither merit nor sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा हि भगवान् व्यास: पुरा कथितवान् मयि गूढ़ रहस्य बताये थे, उनका वर्णन करता हूँ, सावधान होकर सुनो

English

One does not think another's conduct good, and another's sin; so one's own deed completed is neither merit nor sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महान् तपके फलस्वरूप इस देवगुह्य रहस्यको प्राप्त किया था

English

Enjoy, prosper, rejoice, give and sacrifice; neither physicians nor ascetics will overcome you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाद उसे उत्तम लोककी प्राप्ति होती है

English

preach and engaged all the while in sin. O king, He who gives unto such persons gold or gems or steeds, has to sink in hell and to subsist there for ten years, eating the while the faeces of such persons as live upon the flesh of dead kine and buffalos, of men called Pukkasas, of others that live in the outskirts of cities and villages, and of men that publish, under the influence of wrath and folly, the acts and the

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक: समुद्धृतः पिण्डो हाधस्तात् कस्य गच्छति

English

self-restraint are regarded as good. By making gifts unto them one acquires great merit. One wins great

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता है? और किस प्रकार पितरोंको तारता है? मध्यमं तु तदा पत्नी भुद्धक्तेडनुज्ञातमेव हि

English

[Vyasa] "Whatever you wish, Maitreya, as much as you wish, tell it, great sage; I wish to hear your words."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अत्र यस्त्वन्तिम: पिण्डो गच्छते जातवेदसम्

English

[Maitreya] "Your words, free of fault and stain, are joined with giving. By knowledge and austerity you are of cultivated soul, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं पिण्डेषु त्रिषु या गति: एतदेव प्रशंसन्ति देवाश्न मुन॒यस्तथा

English

Because you are of cultivated soul, this gift to me is very great. I see more, by understanding, as if you were of abundant austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रयाणामपि पिण्डानां श्रुत्वा भगवतो गतिम्

English

Even by seeing you alone, great good has come to me. I think this is your favour; that deed is of your nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शशी प्रीणयते देवान् पितृश्चैव महामते पुत्रकामाय पुत्र तु प्रयच्छन्ति पितामहा:

English

Austerity, learning and birth are the cause of brahminhood; one who is endowed with the three qualities becomes truly twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उससे प्रसन्न हुए पितामह पुत्रकी कामनावाले पुरुषको पुत्र प्रदान करते हैं

English

When he is satisfied, the ancestors and gods are satisfied; there is nothing greater for the learned than a brahmin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितरस्तेन तृप्यन्ति प्रीता: कामान् दिशन्ति च ऋत्विग्यो यजमानस्य पितृत्वमनुगच्छति

English

As a man finds fruit in a well-tilled field, so the giver gets the fruit by giving to a learned man."

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थितो हाुन्तहितो भूत्वा पर्यईभाषत वासवम् किमर्थ च त्रय: पिण्डा: प्रविभक्ता: पृथक् पृथक्

English

of others. I Those foolish men who do give unto a Brahmana observant of the vow of Brahmacharyya the offerings made in Sraddhas (unto one's deceased ancestors), have to go, O monarch into regions of

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्राद्धमें पूथक्ू-पृथक् तीन पिण्ड किसलिये दिये जाते हैं?

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'Tell me, O grandsire, what is superior to Brahmacharyya? What is the highest indication of virtue? What is the highest kind of purity?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्तरश्न स्मृत: कस्य एतदिच्छामि वेदितुम् पूर्वस्थास्त्रिदशा: सर्वे पितर: पूज्य खेचरम्

English

"Bhishma said,— 'I tell thee, O son, that abstention from honey and meat is even superior to Brahmacharyya. Righteousness consists in keeping within boundaries or in self-restraint, the best indication of Righteousness is Renunciation (which is also the highest kind of purity).

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवताओं और पितरोंने उस आकाशचारी पुरुषकी प्रशंसा करते हुए कहा

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'In what time should one practise Righteousness? In what time should wealth be sought? In what time should pleasure be enjoyed? O grandsire, do tell me this.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

गूढार्थ: परम: प्रश्नो भवता समुदीरित: पितरस्तस्य तं॑ मासं तस्मिन् रेतसि शेरते

English

"Bhishma said,— 'One should earn wealth in the first part of one's life. Then should one earn Righteousness, and then enjoy pleasure. One should not, however, attach oneself to any of these. One should regard the Brahmanas, worship one's preceptor and seniors, show compassion for all creatures, be of mild disposition and agreeable speech. To utter false-hood in a court of justice, to behave deceitfully towards the king, to act falsely towards preceptors and seniors, are regarded as equivalent (in heinousness) to Brahmanicide. One should never do an act of violence to the king's person. Nor should one ever strike a cow. Both these offences are equivalent to the sin of foeticide. One should never abandon one's (homa) fire. One should also never cast off one's study of the Vedas. One should never assail a Brahmana by words or acts. All these offences are equivalent to Brahmanicide.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पिण्डस्तृतीयो यस्तेषां तै दद्याज्जातवेदसि

English

"Yudhishthira said,— 'What kind of Brahmanas should be regarded as good? By making presents unto (what kind of) Brahmanas one may acquire great merit? What kind of Brahmanas are they whom one should feed? Tell me all this, O grandsire!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितरस्तस्य तुष्यन्ति प्रहष्टटनस: सदा आनुपूर्व्येण पिण्डानां प्रविभाग: पृथक् पृथक्

English

"Bhishma said, 'Those Brahmanas that are freed from wrath, that are devoted to acts of righteousness, that are firm in Truth, and that practise