Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनावृष्टिरभूद् घोरा लोके द्वादशवार्षिकी

English

here, as elsewhere, to have been used in the sense of one doing (menial) service.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतरुतप्राया बभूव वसुधा तदा

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "What sort of men are gentle, and by whom is the highest affection gained? Who are patient in the future and in the present? Tell me of them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदघोषद्धिः खरैरवाकक्‍्ये: कलहद्धिः परस्परम्

English

For there is neither abundant wealth nor are there relatives and kin where friends stand; so I think, friends stand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हीदानीमुपायो मे विद्यते प्राणधारणे

English

For a friend who will listen is hard to find, and a friend who does good is hard to find; best of those who uphold dharma, you should explain all this."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्र व्रीडाकुलमुख: सोद्वेगस्तेन कर्मणा

English

[Bhishma said:] "Learn from me in full, Yudhishthira, as I tell it, the men with whom, king, one may and may not make an alliance, in truth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाण्डाल! यदि तू ठीक-ठीक देखता और समझता है तो मेरा वध न कर”

English

The greedy, cruel, one who has given up dharma, the deceitful, the crafty, the petty, of sinful conduct, suspicious of all, and lazy,

हिन्दी अर्थ

शयनादुपसम्भ्रान्त उद्ययौ प्रति तं ततः

English

the procrastinator, the crooked, the harsh, the violator of the teacher's wife, one who abandons in misfortune, evil-souled, shameless,

हिन्दी अर्थ

शय्यासे उठा और उनके पास चला गया

English

the one who sees sin everywhere, the unbeliever, the reviler of the Veda, he whose senses are scattered, who roams in the world devoted to desire,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच कौशिक रात्रौ ब्रह्मन् कि ते चिकीर्षितम्

English

the untruthful, the hated by the world, the unsteady in agreement, the backbiter, the unlearned, the envious, of sinful resolve,

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो गयी (वर्षा हुई ही नहीं)

English

the king, arising from renunciation, is very great. Besides, the merit of every kind of renunciation belongs to him in that way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिनके लिये वर्षा बंद हो जानेसे प्रलयकाल-सा उपस्थित हो गया

English

and the dull-witted who is not content, though one carries on as far as able, and who treats a friend ever as a foe, bull among men,

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगाम दक्षिण मार्ग सोमो व्यावृत्तलक्षण:

English

he who is angry at the wrong time and suddenly estranged, who quickly abandons good friends, the sinner,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गया था और वह दक्षिण मार्गपर चला गया था

English

the fool who, over a small wrong or one done through ignorance, serves only his task among friends, a hater of friends, king,

हिन्दी अर्थ

नद्य: संक्षिप्ततोयौघा: किंचिदन्तर्गतास्तत:

English

the enemy with a friend's face, who looks with crooked eye and covets, who is not pleased by good: such a man one should abandon.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जलप्रवाह अत्यन्त क्षीण हो गया और कितनी ही नदियाँ अदृश्य हो गयीं

English

The drunkard, the hater, the cruel, the pitiless and harsh, the tormentor of others, the betrayer of friends, the one intent on killing creatures,

हिन्दी अर्थ

शून्यभूयिछ्नगरा दग्धग्रामनिवेशना

English

the ungrateful, the lowest in the world, are in no way to be allied with, nor the fault-finder; hear now whom you may ally with.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नगरके अधिकांश भाग उजाड़ हो गये थे तथा गाँव और घर जल गये थे

English

Those of good family, eloquent, skilled in knowledge and discernment, knowers of friends, grateful, all-knowing, free of grief,

हिन्दी अर्थ

होकर निर्जन बन गया था

English

endowed with sweetness, true to their word, masters of their senses, given to exercise, maintaining sons, of high lineage,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गोजाविमहिषीहीना परस्परपराहता

English

handsome, virtuous, not greedy, who have conquered fatigue, free of famed faults: these a king should accept.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हाहाकार व्याप्त हो रहा था

English

The good are content, lord, with conduct as far as they are able; they are not angry out of place and not estranged without cause.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बभूवु: क्षुधिता मर्त्या: खादमाना: परस्परम्

English

Estranged, they are not angry, even in mind, skilled in affairs; devoted to a friend's business even at cost to themselves, they do not turn from friends, like a dyed woollen cloth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य एक-दूसरेको खाने लगे

English

They do not show their friends faults such as greed and delusion in affairs and with women; trusted, affectionate to kin,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आश्रमान् सम्परित्यज्य पर्यधावन्नितस्तत:

English

for whom wealth is like clod and gold, honest in mind toward friends, who move about without pride, with their wealth and ornaments freely given, supporting their dependants, ever devoted to their master's interest,

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुधापरिगतो धीमान् समन्तात् पर्यधावत

English

the king who makes an alliance with such best of men has his kingdom spread, like the moonlight of the lord of the stars.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्ष्याभक्ष्यसमो भूत्वा निरग्निरनिकेतन:

English

Constant in the shastras, with anger conquered, strong, fond of battle, patient, endowed with virtue and character: such best of men are fit for alliance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हिंस्राणां प्राणिघातानामाससाद वने क्वचित्

English

And of those men joined with faults whom I have named, sinless one, the lowest, king, the ungrateful, the killer of friends, is to be abandoned, the evil-doer, by all; this is certain."

हिन्दी अर्थ

वराहखरभग्नास्थिकपालघटसंकुलम्

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "I wish to hear at length the matter, king; tell me of the betrayer of friends and the ungrateful man, of whom you have spoken."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्पनिर्मोकमालाभि: कृतचिह्लकुटीमठम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Well, I shall relate an ancient tale of what took place in the northern region among the barbarians, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्पकी केंचुलोंकी मालाओंसे विभूषित एवं चिह्नित किया गया था

English

A brahmana of the middle country, dark-limbed, who had given up Brahman, seeing a village crowded with people, entered it, wishing alms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वचनोंद्वारा एक-दूसरेको कोसते हुए कोलाहल मचा रहे थे

English

There was a robber there, rich, knowing the distinctions of all classes, devoted to brahmanas, true to his word, and devoted to giving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोहघण्टापरिष्कारं श्वयूथपरिवारितम्

English

Going to his house he asked for alms, and for a lodging for dwelling, and for alms for the rainy season.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आहारान्वेषणे युक्त: पर यत्नं समास्थित:

English

He gave that brahmana a new garment of fitting kind, and a woman too, past her youth, then without a husband.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मांसमन्नं फलं मूलमन्यद् वा तत्र किउ्चन

English

Receiving all this from the robber, the brahmana, glad at heart, Gautama, took his pleasure with her in that excellent house, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फल, मूल या दूसरी कोई वस्तु प्राप्त न हो सकी

English

He also gave help to the robber in his family affairs; he lived there for years in the prosperous village of the Shabaras, and Gautama made great effort in shooting arrows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पपात भूमौ दौर्बल्यात् तस्मिंश्ञाण्डालपक्कणे

English

Gautama killed daily crooked-limbed creatures, all within the range of his arrows, king, as did the bands of robbers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अत्यन्त दुर्बलताके कारण वहीं एक चाण्डालके घरमें पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़े

English

Devoted to violence, without compassion, ever intent on killing creatures, Gautama by nearness became equal to the robbers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं वृथा न मृत्यु: स्यादिति पार्थिवसत्तम

English

Living thus happily in the robber village then, many months went by as he killed many birds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किया जाय, जिससे अन्नके बिना मेरी व्यर्थ मृत्यु न हो सके?

English

Then once another twice-born came to that place, matted-haired, wearing bark and deerskin, devoted to study, pure,

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाण्डालस्य गृहे राजन् सद्यः शस्त्रहतस्य वै

English

humble, of restrained diet, devoted to brahmanas, a master of the Veda, a celibate student from that country, a very dear friend of his; he came to the robber village where Gautama was.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विप्रेण प्राणरक्षार्थ कर्तव्यमिति निश्चष॒यः

English

Seeking a brahmana's house and avoiding shudra food, he roamed in every direction in the village crowded with robbers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर लेना उचित है, यह शास्त्रका निश्चित विधान है

English

Then that best of the twice-born entered Gautama's house, and Gautama too having arrived, the two met each other.

हिन्दी अर्थ

असम्भवे वा55ददीत विशिष्टादपि धार्मिकात्

English

Carrying a load of crooked-limbed birds, bow in hand, guilty, his body drenched in blood, he had reached the door of his house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न स्तैन्यदोषं पश्यामि हरिष्यामि श्वजाघनीम्

English

Seeing him like an ogre, ruined, fallen from his state, the brahmana recognised him, felt shame, and said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मिन् देशे स सुष्वाप श्वपचो यत्र भारत

English

"What are you doing here out of folly? You are a brahmana, born in a good family, known in the middle country; how have you come to be a robber?

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाण्डाल रहा करते थे

English

Remember those foremost twice-born, famed masters of the Veda, in whose line you were born, such a defiler of the family.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शनैरुत्थाय भगवान् प्रविवेश कुटीमठम्

English

Awake to yourself by yourself; remembering truth, character, learning, self-control and compassion, leave this dwelling, brahmana."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परिभिजन्नस्वरो रूक्ष: प्रोवाचाप्रियदर्शन:

English

Thus addressed by his friend, wishing his good, he answered then, king, as if distressed, having made up his mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुनिको आया देख वह फटे हुए स्वरमें बोल उठा

English

"I am poor, best of the twice-born, and I know no Veda; know that I came here for a livelihood, best of brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जागर्मि नात्र सुप्तोडस्मि हतो5सीति च दारुण:

English

But by seeing you, brahmana sage, I know my purpose is achieved; we shall go together; stay here tonight, tomorrow."

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुधितो5हं गतप्राणो हरिष्यामि श्वजाघनीम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'The duties in respect of all the four modes of life, those of yatis, O son of Pandu, and the customs relating to the conduct of men in general, are all included in kingly duties. All these acts, O chief of the Bharatas, occur in Kshatriya duties. If the functions of royalty are disturbed, all creatures are overtaken by evil. The duties of men are not obvious. They have, again, many outlets. \ Led by many (false) systems, their eternal nature is sometimes offended against. Others who pin their faith to the conclusions arrived at by men, without really knowing anything about the truths of duties (as declared in the scriptures), find themselves at last landed and confounded on faiths whose ultimate ends are unknown. The duties imposed upon Kshatriyas are plain, productive of great happiness, evident in respect of their results, free from deceit, and beneficial to the whole world. As the duties of the three orders, as also of Brahmanas and of those that have retired from the world, O Yudhishthira, have before this been said to be all included within those of that sacred mode of life (called Garhasthya), even so, the whole world, with all good actions, are subject to kingly duties. I have told thee, O monarch, how many brave kings had, in days of old, repaired to that lord of all creatures, viz., the divine and puissant Vishnu of great prowess, for resolving their doubts about the science of chastisement. Those kings, mindful of the declarations of the scriptures enforced by examples, waited in days of old upon Narayana, after having weighed each of their acts against the duties of each of the modes of life. 2 Those deities , viz., the Sadhyas, the Vasus, the Aswins, the Rudras, the Viswas, the Maruts, and the Siddhas, created in days of old by the first of gods, are all observant of Kshatriya duties. I shall now recite to thee a history fraught with the conclusions of both morality and profit. In days of old when the Danavas had multiplied and swept away all barriers and distinctions 3 the powerful Mandhatri, O monarch, became

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुधार्त: प्रत्युवाचेदं पुनरेव महामुनि:

English

Then he saw sea-going merchants standing on the road; he went with that caravan toward the ocean.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यवस्ये बुद्धिपूर्व वै तद् भवाननुमन्यताम्

English

But that caravan, great king, in a mountain cave, was almost wholly destroyed by a rutting elephant.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्धिपूर्वक निश्चय किया है। इसका तुम अनुमोदन करो

English

Somehow the brahmana escaped from that caravan, fleeing in all directions for his life, and ran toward the north.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपोभिर्विद्यया चैव ज्योतींषीव महत्तम:

English

Separated from the caravan, from the place and from his goods, alone he ran through the forest like a kimpurusha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्वभक्षणे श्वा हाभक्ष्यो द्विजानाम्

English

Reaching a road toward the sea, he came upon a lovely great forest of flowering trees.

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजोंके लिये अभक्ष्य है

English

It was adorned with blossoming mango groves of all seasons, like a place in Nandana, frequented by yakshas and kinnaras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्वमांसे चास्मिन् पड़सान् साधु मन्‍्ये

English

It was adorned with groves of sal, palm, dhava and pipal trees, aloe, and the best sandal trees, on lovely, auspicious, fragrant mountain slopes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पदार्थकी ओर मन न ले जाइये

English

On all sides, best of the twice-born, birds sang sweetly there; others with human faces, known as bharundas, and bhulinga birds were everywhere toward the sea.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुच्च मां दूषयत्यत्र हरिष्यामि श्वजाघनीम्

English

king. That ruler of the earth, viz., king Mandhatri, performed a great sacrifice from desire of beholding the puissant Narayana, that god of gods, without beginning, middle, and end. In that sacrifice he worshipped with humility the great Vishnu. 1 The Supreme Lord, assuming the form of Indra, showed himself unto him. Accompanied by many good kings he offered his adorations to that puissant deity. The high discourse took place between that lion among kings and that illustrious god in the form of Indra, touching Vishnu of great effulgence.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुर्बलो नष्टसंज्ञश्न भक्ष्याभक्ष्यविवर्जित:

English

"Indra said, 'What is your object, O foremost of virtuous persons, in thus seeking to behold that Ancient and First of gods, viz., Narayana, of inconceivable energy, and infinite illusions? Neither myself, nor Brahman himself, can obtain a sight of that god of universal form. I shall grant thee what other objects may be in thy heart, for thou art the foremost of mortals. Thy soul abides in peace; thou art devoted to righteousness; thou hast thy senses under control; and thou art possessed of heroism. Thou seekest unflinchingly to do what is agreeable to the gods. For the sake also of thy intelligence, devotion, and

हिन्दी अर्थ

अटगन् भैक्ष्यं न विन्दामि यदा युष्माकमालये

English

He saw a great banyan tree, round, graced with splendour, adorned with matching branches like a parasol.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्निर्मुखं पुरोधाश्व देवानां शुचिषाड् विभुः

English

Its root was well sprinkled with fine sandal water, endowed with divine flowers, beautiful, like the Grandfather's seat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमुवाच स चाण्डालो महर्षे शूणु मे वच:

English

Seeing it, Gautama was pleased, an unsurpassed place beloved of sages, holy, like a temple of the gods, surrounded by flowering trees; coming to it with joy, he sat beneath it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म तवापि विप्रर्षे शृणु यत् ते ब्रवीम्पहम्

English

As Gautama sat there, Kauravya, a pleasant, auspicious, pure breeze blew, touching the flowers, delighting all Gautama's limbs, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्याप्यधम उद्देश: शरीरस्य श्वजाघनी

English

That brahmana, tired, touched by the holy wind, found comfort and slept; and the sun went down.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाण्डालस्वस्य हरणमभक्ष्यस्यथ विशेषत:

English

Then, when the sun had set and twilight had come, the best of birds returned to his dwelling from the world of Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न मांसलोभात् तपसो नाशस्ते स्यान्महामुने

English

He was known as Nadijangha, dear friend of Brahma, king of cranes, greatly wise, born of Kashyapa himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मा सम धर्म परित्याक्षीस्त्वं हि धर्मभूतां वर:

English

Famed as Rajadharma, he was unequalled on earth, the son of a divine maiden, splendid, learned, bright as the lord of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न विद्यते5प्युपायश्व कश्रनिन्मे प्राणधारणे

English

Covered with polished gold, with ornaments like the sun, adorned in all limbs, god-born, he blazed with splendour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्युज्जीवेत् साद्यमान: समर्थों धर्ममाचरेत्

English

Seeing the twice-born arrived, Gautama was astonished; his mind seized by hunger and thirst, he looked on him also with a wish to kill.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मवह्निर्मम बल॑ भक्ष्यामि शमयन् क्षुधाम्

English

[Rajadharma said:] "Welcome to you, brahmana; by good fortune you have come to my house; the sun has set and this twilight has arrived.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवितं मरणाच्छेयो जीवन् धर्ममवाप्लुयात्

English

You have come to my dwelling, a dear and blameless guest; honoured, you shall go in the morning, with the rite seen in scripture."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहमापदगत: क्षुत्तो भक्षयिष्ये श्वजाघनीम्

English

high faith, I shall grant thee whatsoever boons may be desired by thee.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

करना मेरे लिये धूर्ततापूर्ण चेष्टा ही है

English

[Rajadharma said:] "Sir, I am a son of Kashyapa, and my mother is Dakshayani; you are a guest endowed with virtue; welcome to you, best of brahmanas."

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्ष्यक्रिया यत्र न तदगरीय:

English

[Bhishma said:] Having given him honour by the rite seen in scripture, he prepared a divine seat made of sal flowers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न पापमात्रेण कृतं हिनस्ति

English

He also provided for him large fish that roam in the regions crossed by Bhagiratha's chariot and served by the Ganga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विश्वामित्रो जहारैव कृतबुद्धि: श्वजाघनीम्

English

The Kashyapa offered to Gautama, the guest, a well-kindled fire and plump fish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदारस्तामुपाह्त्य वने भोक्तुमियेष सः

English

When the brahmana had eaten and was content, the great-minded one fanned him with his wings to remove his weariness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिया और उसे वनमें ले जाकर पत्नीसहित खानेका विचार किया

English

Then, as he sat rested, he asked about his lineage; he said "Gautama," and the brahmana told nothing else.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्षयामि यथाकामं पूर्व संतर्प्प देवता:

English

He gave him a divine bed of leaves, scented with divine flowers and rich in fragrance; and he slept there happily.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऐन्द्राग्नेयेन विधिना चरुं श्रपपत स्वयम्

English

Then, as Gautama sat on the bed, the king of cranes, the eloquent Kashyapa, asked him, "What is the reason for your coming?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

न नूनं कार्यमेतद् वै हर काम॑ श्वजाघनीम्

English

"Mandhatri said, I bend my head for gratifying thee. Without doubt, however, I desire to see the first of gods. O divine Lord! Casting off all (earthly) desires, I wish to earn religious merit, and to lead the foremost mode of life, that path of the good, highly regarded by all. By exercising the high duties of a Kshatriya, I have earned many regions of inexhaustible merit in the other world, and I have also, through those duties, spread my fame. I do not, however, know how to discharge those duties, the foremost in the world, that have flowed from the first of gods.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कहता हूँ कि आपको इसका भक्षण नहीं करना चाहिए

English

"Indra said, 'They that are not kings, however observant they may be of their duties, cannot easily attain the highest rewards of duty. Kingly duties first flowed from the original god. Other duties flowed afterwards from his body. Infinite were the other duties, with those of the Vanaprastha mode of life, that were created afterwards. The fruits of all those are exhaustible. Kingly duties, however, are distinguished above them. In them are included all other duties. For this reason Kshatriya duties are said to be the foremost of all. In days of old, Vishnu, by acting according to Kshatriya duties, forcibly suppressed and destroyed his foes and thereby afforded relief to the gods and the Rishis of immeasurable energy. If the divine Vishnu of inconceivable energy had not slain all his foes among the Asuras, then the Brahmanas, and (Brahman) the Creator of the worlds and Kshatriya duties, and the duties that first flowed from the Supreme deity, would all have been destroyed. If that first and foremost of gods had not, by putting forth his prowess, subjugated the earth with all her Asuras, then all the duties, of the four orders and all the duties in respect of the four modes of life would all have been destroyed in consequence of the destruction of Brahmanas. The eternal

हिन्दी अर्थ

परां मेध्याशनामेनां भक्ष्यां मन्ये श्वजाघनीम्

English

duties (of men) had all suffered destruction. It was by the exercise of Kshatriya duties that they were revived, l In every Yuga, the duties of Brahmanas in respect of attaining to Brahma first set in. These, however, are all protected by kingly duties. The latter, on this account, are regarded as the foremost. Casting away life in battle, compassion for all creatures, knowledge of the affairs of the world, protection of men, rescuing them from danger, relieving the distressed and the oppressed, all these occur among Kshatriya duties practised by Kings. Persons that do not regard wholesome restraints and that are governed by lust and wrath, do not commit overt acts of sin from fear of kings. Others that are docile and of righteous behaviour succeed, in consequence of the same influence, in performing all their duties. For this reason Kshatriya duties are regarded to be righteous. Without doubt, all creatures live happily in the world, protected by kings exercising Kshatriya duties like children protected by their parents. Kshatriya duties are the foremost of all duties. Those eternal duties, regarded as the first in the world, embrace the protection of every creature. Themselves eternal, they lead to eternal emancipation.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाकार्यमिह कार्य वै मा छलेनाशुभं कृथा:

English

"I appear before you as your friend, and you are my well-wisher; so I shall strive that you become a man of wealth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

समौ च श्वमृगौ मन्ये तस्माद् भोक्ष्ये श्वजाघनीम्

English

Then at dawn, having inquired after his comfort, he said, "Go, gentle one, by this road, and you will have your purpose done.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नृशंसानामीदृशानां न बिभ्ये

English

Three yojanas from here lives the great lord of the rakshasas, famed as Virupaksha, my mighty friend.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रियस्व काम॑ सहित: क्षुधैव

English

Go to him, best of the twice-born, urged by my word; he will give you the desires you wish; there is no doubt."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूलं रक्ष्यं भक्षयिष्याम्यभक्ष्यम्

English

Thus addressed, Gautama set out, king, free of weariness, eating fruits like nectar as he wished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाहं भविष्यामि यथा त्वमेव

English

On that road, great king, he went quickly, enjoying groves of sandal and aloe and of bark and leaf trees.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुष्कृतो5ब्राह्मण: सत्र यस्त्वामहमुपालभे

English

Then he reached a city named Merusvraja, with mountain gateways, mountain ramparts and bulwarks, and mountain engines and bars.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न ते5थिकारो धर्मे5स्ति मा भूरात्मप्रशंसक:

English

It was made known to that wise lord of the rakshasas, king, that a dear guest had been sent by a friend with affection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदिदं श्रेय आधत्स्व मा लोभात् पातकं कृथा:

English

Then that lord of the rakshasas said to his servants, Yudhishthira, "Let Gautama be brought quickly from the city gate."

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाने5हं धर्मतो55त्मानं शौनीमुत्सूज जाघनीम्

English

Then men in white turbans came from that excellent city, calling out "Gautama!" and reached the city gate.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दाता चाहं ब्राह्मणस्त्वं प्रतीच्छन्

English

They said to him, great king, "We are sent by the lord of the rakshasas; hurry, come quickly; the king wishes to see you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदेतयोर्गुरु तद् वै ब्रवीहि

English

The hero, lord of the rakshasas, famed as Virupaksha, is eager to see you; so let it be arranged quickly."

हिन्दी अर्थ

बड़ा है, यह मुझे बताओ

English

Then the brahmana rushed forward, free of weariness from astonishment, Gautama, seeing the splendour of that city, greatly amazed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्ये न तस्यास्ति विवर्जनीयम्

English

With those same men he hastened to the king's house, wishing to see the lord of the rakshasas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आहूय देवानिन्द्रादीन् भागं भागं विधिक्रमात्

English

"Indra said, 'Kshatriya duties, O king, which are possessed of such energy, which include in their exercise all other duties, and which are the foremost of all duties, should be observed by persons that are, like thee, so high-souled and so employed in seeking the good of the world. If those duties are not properly discharged, all creatures would be overtaken by ruin. The kings possessed of compassion for all creatures, should regard these to be the foremost of his duties, reclaiming the land for cultivation and fertilizing it, performance of great sacrifices for cleansing himself, a disregard for begging, and protection of subjects. Abandonment (gift) is said by the sages to be the foremost of virtues. Of all kinds of abandonment, again, that of the body in battle, is the foremost. Thou hast seen with thy eyes how the rulers of the earth, ever observant of Kshatriya duties, having duly waited upon their preceptors and acquired great learning, at last cast off their bodies, engaged in battle with one another. The Kshatriya, desirous of acquiring religious merit, should, after having gone through the Brahmacharya mode, should lead a life of domesticity which is always meritorious. In adjudicating upon ordinary questions of right (between his subjects), he should be thoroughly impartial. For causing all the orders to be observant of their respective duties, for the protection they afford to all, for the diverse contrivances and means and the prowess and exertion (with which they seek the accomplishment of their

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रज्ञासमवहारो5यं कविभि: सम्भूतं मधु

English

He was asked his lineage, conduct, study and celibate studentship; but the brahmana said nothing there but his lineage name.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा हााशास्त्रकुशला: सर्वत्रायुक्तिनिछ्ठिता

English

Seeing him devoid of Vedic lustre and without study, knowing only his gotra, the king asked about his dwelling.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्याजेन सद्धिर्विहितो धर्मस्ते परिहास्यति

English

"Where is your dwelling, good sir, what is your lineage, and is your wife a brahmana? Tell me the truth; do not be afraid; rest at ease."

हिन्दी अर्थ

इति बार्हस्पतं ज्ञानं प्रोवाच मघवा स्वयम्

English

[Gautama said:] "I was born in the middle country; my dwelling is in a village of Shabaras; my wife is a shudra, a remarried widow; this I tell you truly."

हिन्दी अर्थ

है--यही बृहस्पतिका मत है, जिसे स्वयं इन्द्रने बताया है

English

[Bhishma said:] Then the king considered, "How should this be done? How can I do good?" so he thought in his mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुविनीतेन शास्त्रेण न व्यवस्यन्त्यथापरे

English

"This brahmana is by birth the friend of that great-souled one, and he has been sent to me by Kashyapa.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समुद्दिष्टं सतां धर्म स्‍्वयमूहेत पण्डित:

English

I shall do what pleases him, for he has always relied on me; he is my brother, my kinsman, a friend dear to my heart.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शास्त्र प्राज्स्य वदत: समूहे यात्यदर्शनम्

English

Today, on the full moon of Kartika, a thousand excellent brahmanas will eat with me; he too will eat among them, and wealth shall be given to him."

हिन्दी अर्थ

आवाहन करके उनके लिये क्रमश: विधिपूर्वक पृथक्-पृथक् भाग अर्पित किया

English

objects). Kshatriya duties, which include all other duties within their scope, are said to be the foremost. The other orders are able to observe their respective duties in consequence of kingly duties. For this reason the former are said to be dependent upon the latter in respect of the merit they produce. 1 Those men who disregard all wholesome restraints and who are too much attached to the pursuit of worldly objects are said to be of the nature of brutes. They are compelled to act with justice by the exercise of kingly duties. Those duties, therefore, are said to be the foremost of all. That course of conduct which has been prescribed for Brahmanas who follow the three Vedas, and those modes of life that have been laid down for Brahmanas, should, before everything else, be observed by every Brahmana. If a Brahmana acts otherwise, he should be punished like a Sudra. The duties of the four modes of life and the ritual prescribed in the Vedas, O king, should ever be followed by a Brahmana. Know that he has no other duties. For a Brahmana acting otherwise, a Kshatriya should not make any arrangement for sustenance. His religious merit grows in consequence of his acts. A Brahmana, indeed, is like Dharma's self. That Brahmana who is employed in acts that are not laid down for him, deserves no respect. If not engaged in his proper acts, he should not be trusted. These are the duties that appertain to the several orders. Kshatriyas should take care of them so that their observance may be improved. Even these are the duties of Kshatriyas. For these reasons also, kingly duties and no other, are the foremost of all. They are, as I believe, the duties of heroes, and they that are heroes are foremost in practising them.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालेन महता सिद्धिमवाप परमाद्भुताम्

English

"Mandhatri said, 'What duties should be performed by the Yavanas, the Kiratas, the Gandharvas, the

हिन्दी अर्थ

तोषयामास देवांश्व पितृश्च द्विजसत्तम:

English

By the command of the lord of the rakshasas, seats were laid for them, best of the Bharatas, spread by the servants on the ground with fine carpets.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसके द्वारा जीवनकी रक्षा की

English

On them the king honoured the best of the twice-born as they sat, and they shone, great king, like lords of the constellations.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परिस्थितिसे उद्धार करना चाहिए

English

Then he gave the brahmanas golden dishes marked with diamonds, spotless and auspicious, filled with excellent food and dipped in honey and ghee.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकचत्वारिंशदधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

Each day, at Ashadha and Magha, many brahmanas obtain from him the excellent meal they wish, always honoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्ति स्विद् दस्युमर्यादा यामहं परिवर्जये

English

But especially on Kartika he gives to the brahmanas: at the end of autumn, on the full moon, jewels, so it is heard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो दस्यु भी नहीं कर सकते)

English

Gold, silver, gems and pearls, great diamonds, and cat's-eyes and woollen deerskins,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उद्यमं नाधिगच्छामि कदाचित् परिसान्त्वयन्

English

piling heaps of jewels for the fees, Bharata, the renowned Virupaksha then said to the best of the twice-born:

हिन्दी अर्थ

कदापि इसमें धर्मविषयक उद्यमके लिये उत्साह नहीं पाता हूँ

English

"Take these jewels as you wish, according to your zeal. And in whatever vessels you have eaten, best of the twice-born, take those very ones and go to your homes, Bharata."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञेयो भवति कौरव्य सदा तद् विद्धि मे वच:

English

When the great-souled lord of the rakshasas had spoken thus, the bulls among brahmanas took those jewels as they wished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म: प्रतिविधातव्यो बुद्धया राज्ञा ततस्तत:

English

Then all those brahmanas, honoured with precious auspicious jewels, in clean garments, became well pleased.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुर्बलस्य कुतः प्रज्ञा पुरस्तादनुपाहृता

English

Then the lord of the rakshasas again spoke to the twice-born, having stopped the rakshasas who had come from various directions:

हिन्दी अर्थ

कहाँसे प्राप्त हो सकती है?

English

"For one day, brahmanas, you have no fear anywhere from rakshasas; rejoice; go as you wish; do not delay."

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्धिद्वेधं वेदितव्यं पुरस्तादेव भारत

English

Then all the groups of brahmanas fled on every side; and Gautama too, taking a load of gold in haste,

हिन्दी अर्थ

जनस्तच्चरितं धर्म विजानात्यन्यथान्यथा

English

carrying it with difficulty, hero, came to the banyan; he sat down, exhausted, tired and hungry.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोग किसी और ही रूपमें समझने लगते हैं

English

Then, king, the best of birds, Rajadharma, came to him, and greeted Gautama with welcome, affectionate as a friend.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्बै यथायथं बुद्ध्वा ज्ञाममाददते सताम्

English

The bird removed his weariness with strokes of the tips of his wings, and the wise one honoured him and prepared a meal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैषम्यमर्थविद्यानां निरर्था: ख्यापयन्ति ते

English

Having eaten and rested well, Gautama then thought: "This load of fine gold has been taken by me through greed and delusion, and my way is long.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते सर्वे नृप पापिष्ठा धर्मस्य परिपन्थिन:

English

There is nothing to eat on the road to sustain my life; what shall I do to keep myself alive?" so he thought.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शास्त्रज्ञानमें निपुण न होकर सर्वत्र असंगत युक्तिपर ही अवलम्बित रहते हैं

English

Then, seeing nothing to eat on the road, the ungrateful man, tiger among men, thought this in his mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विज्ञानमर्थविद्यानां न सम्यगिति वर्तते

English

"This lord of cranes is at my side, a heap of meat; killing him and taking him, I shall go off quickly."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अज्ञानाऊज्ञानहेतुत्वाद् वचनं साधु मन्‍्यते

English

Chinas, the Savaras, the Barbaras, the Sakas, the Tusharas, the Kankas, the Pathavas, the Andhras, the Madrakas, the Paundras, the Pulindas, the Ramathas, the Kamvojas, the several castes that have sprung Lip from Brahmanas and Kshatriyas, the Vaisyas, and the Sudras, that reside in the dominions of (Arya) kings? What are those duties again to the observance of which kings like ourselves should force those tribes that subsist by robbery? I desire to hear all this. O illustrious god, instruct me. O chief of all the deities, thou art the friend of us Kshatriyas.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपायस्याविशेषज्ञं तद् वै क्षत्रं नपुंसकम्

English

The king of cranes, trusting, slept at his side then; but the ungrateful, evil-souled man, wishing to kill him, stayed awake.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदाचारसे सम्पन्न ब्राह्मणोंका ही सेवन करे, यह परम उत्तम एवं पवित्र कार्य है

English

Then with a blazing brand he struck down the trusting one; and having killed him he was joyful and did not see the consequence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रीत्या हमृतवद् विप्रा: क्रुद्धाश्नैव विषं यथा

English

Having singed off his feathers he cooked him in the fire; taking him and the gold, the brahmana went off very quickly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरणं पालयानस्य यो धर्मस्तं वदस्व मे

English

Then, the next day, Virupaksha said to his son, "I do not see Rajadharma, the best of birds, today, my son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अर्ह: प्रष्टें भवांश्वैव प्रश्न भरतसत्तम

English

He always goes to worship Brahma at the early twilight, and he never goes home without seeing me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम्हीं ऐसा प्रश्न पूछनेके अधिकारी हो

English

Two nights and both twilights he has not come to my house; so my heart is not at ease; let that friend be sought.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूजितश्न यथान्यायं स्वैश्व मांसैर्निमन्त्रित:

English

That lowest of the twice-born, devoid of study and lacking Vedic lustre, went to him; I fear he may have killed him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वमांसं भोजित: कां च गति लेभे स भारत

English

By his signs I marked him as ill-conducted, evil-minded, without rites, dreadful in form, black, like a low robber."

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैतेयानुशना प्राह संशयच्छेदनं पुरा

English

"Indra said, All the robber tribes should serve their mothers and fathers, their preceptors and other seniors, and recluses living in the woods. All the robber tribes should also serve their kings. The duties and rites inculcated in the Vedas should also be followed by them. They should perform sacrifices in honour of the Pitris, dig wells, (and dedicate them to universal service), give water to thirsty travellers, give away beds and make other seasonable presents unto Brahmanas. Abstention from injury, truth, suppression of wrath, supporting Brahmanas and kinsmen by giving them their dues, maintenance of wives and children, purity, peacefulness, making presents to Brahmanas at sacrifices of every kind, are duties that should be practised by every person of this class who desire his own prosperity. Such a person should also perform all kinds of Paka-yajnas with costly presents of food and wealth. These and

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ं तथा छिन्नमूलेन सन्नोदयितुमहसि

English

similar duties, O sinless one, were laid down in olden days for persons of this class. All these acts which have been laid down for all others should be done by persons of also the robber class, O king.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूलोच्छेद करके उसे दूर हटा दो (संशयरहित ज्ञानका आश्रय लो)

English

"Mandhatri said, 'In the world of men, such wicked men may be seen living in disguise among all the four orders and in all the four modes of life.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

उग्रायैव हि सृष्टोडसि कर्मणे न त्वमीक्षसे

English

"Indra said, 'Upon the disappearance of kingly duties and of the science of chastisement, all creatures became exceedingly afflicted, O sinless one, in consequence of the tyranny of kings. After the expiry of this the Krita age, a confusion will set in, regarding the different modes of life, and innumerable Bhikshus will appear with sectarian marks of different kinds. Disregarding the Puranas and the high truths of religion, men, urged by lust and wrath, will deviate into Wrong paths. When sinful men are rest rained (from wicked acts) by high-souled persons with the aid of the science of chastisement, then religion, which is superior to everything and eternal, and which is the source of everything good, becomes firmly established. The gifts, and libations, and offerings to the Pitris of the man that disregards the king who is superior to every one, become fruitless. The very gods do not disregard a virtuous king who is truly an eternal god. The divine Lord of all creatures, having created the universe, intended the Kshatriya to rule men regarding their inclinations and disinclinations in respect of duties. I respect and worship that person who, aided by his understanding, watches the course of the duties performed by men. Upon such supervision rest Kshatriya duties.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधाताद्वारा रचे गये हो। इस बातकी ओर तुम्हारी दृष्टि नहीं जा रही है

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Having said these words, the divine and puissant Narayana in the form of Indra, accompanied by the Maruts, repaired to his eternal abode of inexhaustible felicity. When, O sinless one, duties as practised by the good had such a course in days of old, what man of cleansed soul and learning

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम अपने कर्तव्यपथपर दृढ़तापूर्वक डटे रहो)

English

The king wept on seeing him, with his ministers and priest, and there was a great cry of anguish in his house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सा चैव खलूु मर्यादा यामयं परिवर्जयेत्

English

With women and children the city was uneasy at heart; then the king said to his son, "Let this sinner be slain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्योन्यं भक्षयन्तो हि प्रचरेयुर्वका इव

English

With his flesh let all these feast as they wish: sinful in conduct, sinful in deed, sinful in soul, sinful in resolve; it is my judgment that he should be killed by you, rakshasas."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रशाधि पृथिवीं राजन् प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन्

English

Thus told by the lord of the rakshasas, the rakshasas of dreadful valour did not wish to eat him, saying, "He is a doer of sin."

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मपूर्वक पालन करते हुए तुम इस पृथ्वीका शासन करो

English

"Let this lowest of men be given to the robbers, good sir, today," the night-roamers said to the lord of the rakshasas, great king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होकर फिर मृदु होओ

English

Bowing their heads to the ground, they said to the lord of the rakshasa hosts, "You should not give us him to eat; his sin."

हिन्दी अर्थ

उग्रकर्मणि सृष्टोडसि तस्मादू राज्यं प्रशाधि वै

English

"So be it," the lord of the rakshasas said to the night-roamers; "let this ungrateful man be given to the robbers today, rakshasas."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं शुक्रो5ब्रवीद् धीमानापत्सु भरतर्षभ

English

Thus told, his servants, spears and clubs in hand, cut that sinner into pieces and gave him to the robbers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहिए, ऐसा बुद्धिमान् शुक्राचार्यका कथन है

English

And the robbers too did not wish to eat that doer of sin; even flesh-eaters, king of kings, do not eat the ungrateful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृच्छामि त्वां सतां श्रेष्ठ तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

For the killer of a brahmana, the drinker of liquor, the thief, and one who has broken his vow, atonement is prescribed, king; for the ungrateful there is none.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुतचारित्रवृत्ताब्यान् पवित्र होतदुत्तमम्

English

The betrayer of friends, the cruel, the ungrateful, the lowest of men, such as these are not eaten even by flesh-eaters, worms and others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपना मांस खिलाया और ऐसा करनेसे उसे कौन-सी सदगति प्राप्त हुई

English

is there that would disregard the Kshatriya? Like blind men lost on the way, creatures acting and abstaining unrighteously meet with destruction. O tiger among men, do thou adhere to that circle (of duties) that was first set agoing and to which the ancients had recourse. I know, O sinless one, that thou art quite competent to do this.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

स हि तैः सम्परित्यक्तस्तेन रौद्रेण कर्मणा

English

There, king, the lord of the rakshasas kindled a fire and heated the king of cranes, and performed the rites for the dead according to rule.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चकार विक्रयं तेषां पतज्ञानां जनाधिप

English

At that time the goddess Surabhi, the auspicious daughter of Daksha, appeared above him, giving milk.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अगमत् सुमहान् कालो न चाधर्ममबुध्यत

English

From her mouth a froth mixed with milk fell, sinless one, and it fell on the pyre of Rajadharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यतीत हो गया, किंतु उसे अपने इस अधर्मका बोध नहीं हुआ

English

Thereby the king of cranes was revived, sinless one; rising up, he met Virupaksha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैवयोगविमूढस्य नान्या वृत्तिररोचत

English

Then the king of the gods came to Virupaksha's city and said to Virupaksha, "By good fortune he lives."

हिन्दी अर्थ

था कि उसे दूसरी कोई वृत्ति अच्छी ही नहीं लगती थी

English

And Indra told Virupaksha the old story of how the curse had once been given by Brahma to Rajadharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पातयन्निव वक्षांस्तान् सुमहान् वातसम्भ्रम:

English

"When the lord of cranes did not go to worship Brahma, then in anger the Grandfather said this to the crane-lord:

हिन्दी अर्थ

वायुका प्रचण्ड वेग वहाँके समस्त वृक्षोंको धराशायी करता हुआ-सा जान पड़ा

English

'Because that fool, the lowest of cranes, did not come to my assembly, that evil-souled one will soon meet death.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

नृपतेर्मुचुकुन्दस्य कथितां भार्गवेण वै

English

By his word he was killed by Gautama, and by that same nectar sprinkled, the crane was revived."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परशुरामजीने राजा मुचुकुन्दको यह कथा सुनायी थी

English

Then Rajadharma, bowing to Purandara, said, "If you have shown me favour, Purandara, let my dear friend Gautama be revived."

हिन्दी अर्थ

भार्गव परिपप्रच्छ प्रणत: पुरुषर्षभ

English

Understanding his words, Vasava, bull among men, revived Gautama and gave him back to his friend.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इमां यथा कपोतेन सिद्धि: प्राप्ता नराधिप

English

The lord of cranes, king, having found him with his goods and baggage, embraced his friend with the highest affection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धि प्राप्ति की थी, वह कथा कह सुनायी

English

Then Rajadharma, lord of cranes, sent off that doer of sin with his wealth, and entered his own dwelling.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणुष्वावहितो राजन् गदतो मे महाभुज

English

The crane went as was fitting to the assembly of Brahma, and Brahma honoured that great soul with hospitality.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। राजन्! तुम सावधान होकर मेरे मुखसे इस कथाको सुनो

English

And Gautama, reaching that Shabara dwelling again, begot sons by the shudra woman, doers of evil.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विचचार महारण्ये घोर: शकुनिलुब्धक:

English

A great curse was laid on him then by the hosts of gods: "Having long begotten sons on the womb of a remarried widow, he will go to a great hell; this one is ungrateful, lord."

हिन्दी अर्थ

दीर्घजड्घो हस्वपादो महावक्‍त्रो महाहनुः

English

All this Narada told me long ago, Bharata; recalling that great tale, bull among men, I too have related it all to you as it was.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुख और लंबी-सी ठोढ़ी--यही उसकी हुलिया थी

English

Where is fame for the ungrateful, where position, where happiness? The ungrateful is not to be trusted; for the ungrateful there is no atonement.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कारण सबने उसे त्याग दिया था

English

Treachery to a friend should not be done by a man, especially; the betrayer of a friend goes to a dreadful, endless hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मानं यो5भिसंधत्ते सोअन्यस्य स्यात् कथं हितः

English

One should always be grateful, and desire friends, sinless one; from a friend truth arises, from a friend strength arises; the wise should honour a friend with the best hospitality.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपको धोखा देता है, वह दूसरेका हितैषी कैसे हो सकता है?

English

The sinful, ungrateful, shameless, the betrayer of friends, the ember of the family, the doer of sin, the lowest of men, should be abandoned by the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उद्बवेजनीया भूतानां व्याला इव भवन्ति ते

English

This sinner has been described to you by me, best of those who uphold dharma, the betrayer of friends and ungrateful; what more do you wish to hear?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्हें सर्पोंकि समान सभी जीवोंकी ओरसे उद्धेग प्राप्त होता है

English

[Vaishampayana said:] Hearing these words spoken by the great-souled Bhishma, Yudhishthira became glad at heart, Janamejaya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संछन्नस्तु मुहूर्तेन नौसार्थरिव सागर:

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'Thou hast spoken to me about the four modes of human life. I desire to know more of-them. Do thou discourse on them in detail.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

साञ्जलि: प्रणतिं कृत्वा वाक्यमाह वनस्पतिम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Dharma is ordained everywhere, leading to heaven; austerity has truth as its fruit; for dharma of many doors, no act here is fruitless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता है, उसे जंगलके समान ही माना गया है

English

In whatever discipline a man reaches certainty, he knows that alone and no other, best of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसे भी लोक-यात्रामें सहायता देनेवाली उसकी पत्नी ही है

English

As the machinery of the world turns, empty of substance, so detachment arises here; there is no doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पतिसे उस समय इस प्रकार कहा-

English

Thus, with the world resolved in this way and full of faults, Yudhishthira, the wise man should strive for the sake of his own liberation."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो हि वच्चिद् द्विज॑ हन्याद् गांच लोकस्य मातरम्

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "When wealth is lost, or wife, son or father dead, by what wisdom should one drive away grief? Tell me that, grandsire."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्माकं विहिता वृत्ति: कापोती जातिधर्मत:

English

[Bhishma said:] "When wealth is lost, or wife, son or father dead, thinking 'Alas, the sorrow,' one should practise the remedy of grief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषको सदा ही उस वृत्तिका पालन करना उचित है

English

Here too they cite this ancient tale, how a certain brahmana spoke words to Senajit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्तु धर्म यथाशक्ति गृहस्थो हानुवर्तते

English

Seeing the king afflicted with grief for his son, overcome with sorrow, his face downcast, the brahmana spoke."

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षणेन पूरयामास सलिलेन वसुन्धराम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'O Yudhishthira of mighty arms, all the duties that are practised in this world by the righteous are known to thee as they are known to me. O foremost of virtuous persons, listen now to me about what thou askest, viz. the merit (that a king acquires) in consequence of the duties practised

हिन्दी अर्थ

गया और व्याकुल हृदयसे सारे वनमें भटकने लगा

English

by others leading other modes of life, l All the merits, O son of Kunti, that belong to persons practising the duties of the four modes of life, attach, O foremost of men, to righteous kings. A king who is not governed by lust and hate, who rules with the aid of the science of chastisement, and who looks equally on all creatures, O Yudhishthira, attains to the object of the Bhaikshya mode of life. 2 That king who is possessed of knowledge, who makes gifts to deserving persons on proper occasions, who knows how to favour and punish, who conducts himself in all things according to the injunctions of the scriptures, and who has tranquillity of soul, attains to the object of the Garhasthya mode of life. That king who always worships those that are deserving of worship by giving them their due, completely attains, O son of Kunti, to the object of the Bhaikshya mode of life. That king, O Yudhishthira, who rescues from distress, to the best of his power, his kinsmen and relatives and friends, attains to the object of the Vanaprashtha mode of life. That king who on every occasion honours those that are foremost among men and those that are foremost among Yatis, attains, O son of Kunti, to the object of the Vanaprashtha mode of life. That king, O Partha, who daily makes offerings unto the Pitris and large offerings unto all living creatures including men, attains to the object of the same mode of life. That king, O tiger among men, who grinds the kingdoms of others for protecting the righteous, attains to the object of the same mode of life. In consequence of the protection of all creatures as also of the proper protection of his own kingdom, a king earns the merit of as many sacrifices as the number of creatures protected, and accordingly attains to the object of the Sannyasa mode of life. Study of the Vedas every day, forgiveness, and worship of preceptors, and services rendered to one's own teacher, lead to the attainment of the object of Brahmacharya. That king who silently recites his mantras every day and who always worships the gods according to the ordinance, attains, O tiger among men, to the object of the Garhasthya mode of life. That king who engages in battle with the resolve of protecting his kingdom or meeting with death, attains to the object of the Vanaprastha mode of life. That king who gives unto persons leading a Vanaprastha mode of life and unto Brahmanas versed in the three Vedas attains to the object of the Vanaprastha mode of life. That king who displays compassion towards all creatures and abstains entirely from cruelty, attains to the objects of all the modes of life. That king, O Yudhishthira, who shows compassion to the young and the old, O son of Kunti, under every circumstance, attains to

हिन्दी अर्थ

नीची-ऊँची भूमिका कुछ पता नहीं चलता था

English

[Senajit said:] "What wisdom, what austerity, brahmana, what concentration, rich in austerity, what knowledge or learning is yours, by which you are not despondent?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृगसिंहवराहाश्व स्थलम॒श्रित्य शेरते

English

[The brahmana said:] "See beings everywhere bound in sorrow; even this self is not mine, nor is all the earth mine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ददर्श पतितां भूमौ कपोतीं शीतविह्नलाम्

English

As it is with me, so with others: by this thought I have no pain; having gained this wisdom, I neither rejoice nor grieve.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सो5पश्यत् तरुखण्डेषु मेघनीलवनस्पतिम्

English

As a log and a log meet in the great ocean and, meeting, part, so is the meeting of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धात्रा परोपकाराय स साधुरिव निर्मित:

English

So sons and grandsons, kinsmen and relatives: no attachment should be made to them, for separation from them is certain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महत्सर इवोत्फुल्लं॑ कुमुदच्छुरितोदकम्

English

He came from unseen and has gone again to the unseen; he does not know you nor you him; who are you, and for whom do you grieve?

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुए कुमुद-पुष्पोंसे सुशोभित जलवाला कोई विशाल सरोवर प्रकाशित हो रहा हो

English

Sorrow is born of the pain of craving, and pleasure of the pain of sorrow; from pleasure sorrow is born, and so again and again; after pleasure comes sorrow, after sorrow pleasure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

घनैर्मुक्त नभो दृष्टवा लुब्धक: शीतविह्लल:

English

Having fallen from pleasure into sorrow, you will fall again into pleasure; one does not always get sorrow, nor always pleasure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुःखसे घिरा हुआ वह बहेलिया वहाँ सो गया

English

Friends are not enough for happiness, enemies not enough for sorrow; wisdom is not enough for wealth, nor wealth for happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिचत्वारिंशदधिकशततमो5 ध्याय:

English

Neither intelligence leads to gain of wealth nor stupidity to poverty; the wise one knows the turning course of the world, not another.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुहृदोंके साथ निवास करता था। उसके शरीरके रोएँ चितकबरे थे

English

The wise and the foolish, the brave and the timid, the dull and the poet, the weak and the strong, happiness serves the one who has his share.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्तां च रजनीं दृष्टवा स पक्षी पर्यतप्यत

English

The cow gives milk to the calf, the herdsman, the owner and the thief; whoever drinks her milk, it is settled she is his.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि नु तत् कारणं येन साद्यापि न निवर्तते

English

Those who are most foolish in the world and those who have gone beyond intellect: these men prosper in happiness; the man in between suffers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो गया, जिससे वह अभीतक नहीं लौट सकी है

English

The wise delight in the extremes, they do not delight in the middle; they call reaching the end happiness, and the middle between the ends sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तया विरहितं हीद॑ शून्यमद्य गृहं मम

English

Those who have attained the happiness of the intellect, beyond the pairs, without envy: neither gains nor losses ever trouble them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भारयहिीनं गृहस्थस्य शून्यमेव गृहं भवेत्

English

But those who have not attained intellect and have passed beyond foolishness rejoice excessively and come to torment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहस्थका घर उसकी पत्नीके बिना सूना ही रहता है

English

The fools are ever joyful, like hosts of gods in heaven, but puffed up with great pride, they are senseless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहं तु गृुहिणीहीनमरण्यसदृशं मतम्

English

Happiness has sorrow as its end in sloth; sorrow has happiness as its rise in skill; prosperity with fortune dwells in the skilled, not the idle.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अद्य नायाति मे कान्‍्ता न कार्य जीवितेन मे

English

Whether pleasure or pain, hateful or dear, whatever comes, one should take as it comes, with a heart unconquered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नातिष्ठत्युपतिछेत शेते च शयिते मयि

English

Thousands of causes of grief and hundreds of causes of joy enter the fool day by day, not the wise man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सो जानेपर ही शयन करती थी

English

Grief does not touch the man who is intelligent, of trained wisdom, attentive and free of envy, self-controlled and master of his senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रोषिते दीनवदना क्रुद्धे च प्रियवादिनी

English

Resorting to this wisdom, the wise man should live with guarded mind; grief does not deserve to touch one who knows rise and setting.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जब कभी मुझे क्रोध आता, तब मीठी-मीठी बातें करके शान्त कर देती थी

English

That by reason of which there would be grief, fear or pain, or from which exertion arises, even one part of that should be given up.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्य स्यात् तादृशी भार्या धन्य: स पुरुषो भुवि

English

Whatever one gives up of desires, that fills up his happiness; the man who follows desires perishes along with his desires.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृथ्वीपर धन्य है

English

The pleasure of desire in the world and the great divine pleasure do not equal a sixteenth part of the pleasure of the end of craving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुरक्ता स्थिरा चैव भक्ता स्निग्धा यशस्विनी

English

The deed done in a former body, good or bad, serves the wise, the foolish and the brave according to what was done.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रासादो5पि तया हीन: कान्तार इति निश्चितम्

English

So indeed these pleasants and unpleasants, sorrows and joys, turn about among living beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

असहायस्य लोकेस्मिंललोकयात्रासहायिनी

English

So, resorting to this wisdom, one should live happily, endowed with virtue; one should hold all desires in disgust and put attachments behind him; this is the load in the heart; this is death, made of mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नास्ति भार्यासमं किंचिन्नरस्यार्तस्य भेषजम्

English

When one draws in desires from all sides as a tortoise its limbs, then the self-light and the self grow serene in the self alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये भी स्त्रीके समान दूसरी कोई ओषधि नहीं है

English

When anything is conceived with the sense of mine, all of it then becomes a cause of torment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समान धर्मसंग्रहमें सहायक भी दूसरा कोई नहीं है

English

When one does not fear and others do not fear one, when he neither wishes nor hates, then he attains Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अरण्यं तेन गन्तव्यं यथारण्यं तथा गृहम्

English

Having abandoned both truth and untruth, grief and joy, fear and fearlessness, the dear and the undear, you will be of tranquil soul.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चतुश्चत्वारिंशदधिकशततमो ध्याय:

English

When the wise man does no wrong to any being in deed, mind or speech, then he attains Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहीता शकुनिघ्नेन कपोती वाक्यमत्रवीत्

English

That craving, hard for the ill-minded to give up, which does not age as one ages, the disease that ends in death: happiness is for one who gives up that craving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वचन सुनकर बहेलियेके कैदमें पड़ी हुई कबूतरीने कहा

English

Here verses sung by Pingala are heard, king, how even in hard times she found eternal dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणोंका, वे मुझमें हों या न हों, गान कर रहे हैं

English

The courtesan Pingala, bereft of her lover at the tryst, then, in distress, took up a calm mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दावाग्निनेव निर्दग्धा सपुष्पस्तबका लता

English

[Pingala said:] "Mad, I lived long with a lover who was not mad; though he was near and delighting me, I did not know him before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इति संचिन्त्य दु:खार्ता भर्तारें दु:खितं तदा

English

A house with a single pillar and nine doors: I shall shut it; for what woman, seeing a lover come in here, would think 'this is my lover'?

हिन्दी अर्थ

हन्त वक्ष्यामि ते श्रेय: श्रुत्वा तु कुरु तत् तथा

English

Those without love in the form of love, rogues in the shape of hell, shall not deceive me again; I am awake, I am watchful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कीजिये। इस समय विशेष प्रयत्न करके एक शरणागत प्राणीकी रक्षा कीजिये

English

Even a loss becomes gain by fate or by past deeds; I have awakened, without form of hope; today I am not without mastery of my senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष शाकुनिक: शेते तव वासं समाश्रित:

English

The hopeless sleeps happily; hopelessness is the highest happiness; having made hope hopeless, Pingala sleeps happily."

हिन्दी अर्थ

आप इसकी यथोचित सेवा कीजिये

English

[Bhishma said:] "By these and other reasoned words of the brahmana, King Senajit was set right and rejoiced happily."