Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाभीत: पुरुष: कश्चित् समये स्थातुमिच्छति

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'For a little while, O Arjuna, concentrate thy attention and fix thy mind and hearing on thy inner soul. If thou listenest to my words in such a frame of mind, they will meet with thy approbation. Abandoning all worldly pleasures, I shall betake myself to that path which is trod by the righteous. I shall not, for thy sake, tread along the path thou recommendest. If thou askest me what path is auspicious that one should tread alone, I shall tell thee. If thou dost not desire to ask me, I shall yet, unasked by thee, tell thee of it. Abandoning the pleasures and observance of men of the world, engaged in performing the austerest of penances, I shall wander in the forest, with the animals that have their home there, living on fruit and roots. Pouring libations on the: fire at due hours, and performing ablutions at morn and eve, I shall thin myself by reduced diet, and covering myself with skins, bear matted locks on my head. Enduring cold, wind, and heat as also hunger and thirst and toil, I shall emaciate my body by penances as laid down in the ordinance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बन जाते हैं। परंतु बिना हिंसा किये वे भी जीवन-निर्वाह नहीं कर पाते हैं

English

"King, you know dharma; nothing on earth is unknown to you; we ever learn from your conduct and yet cannot match it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पड़नेपर डर जाती और दण्डके भयसे फिर प्रज्वलित हो उठती है

English

'I will not speak, I will not speak'—such was my resolve; but from great grief I shall speak; hear it, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और किसीको कुछ सूझ न पड़े

English

By your delusion everything has been thrown into doubt; weakness and faintness have come upon us.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेडपि भोगाय कल्पन्ते दण्डेनाशु निपीडिता:

English

How is it that the king of the world, versed in all scriptures, falls into delusion from distress like a base man?

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्डस्य हि भयाद् भीतो भोगायैव प्रवर्तते

English

The coming and going of the world are known to you; nothing about the future or the present is unknown to you, lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्डो विधात्रा विहितो धर्मार्थी भुवि रक्षितुम्

English

This being so, great king, concerning the kingdom, I shall state the reason; listen to it with a single mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अद्युः पशून् मनुष्यांश्व॒ यज्ञार्थानि हवींषि च

English

Disease is of two kinds, bodily and mental; the birth of each from the other is not found free of the other.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञके लिये रखे हुए हविष्योंको खा जाते

English

Mental disease arises from bodily, without doubt; and bodily disease arises from mental, it is certain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाहत्वा मत्स्यघातीव प्राप्रोति महतीं श्रियम्

English

Charming to the heart and the ear, I shall daily listen to the clear strains of, cheerful birds and animals residing in the woods. I shall enjoy the fragrance of flower-burthened trees and creepers, and see diverse kinds of charming products that grow in the forest. I shall also see many excellent recluses of the forest. I shall not do the slightest injury to any creature, what need be said then of those that dwell in villages and towns? l Leading a retired life and devoting myself to contemplation, I shall live upon ripe and unripe fruits and gratify the Pitris and the deities with offerings of wild fruits and spring water and grateful hymns. Observing in this way the austere regulations of a forest life, I shall pass my days, calmly awaiting the dissolution of my body. Or, living alone and observing the vow of taciturnity, with my head shaved clean, I shall derive my sustenance by begging each day of only one tree. 2 Smearing my body with ashes, and availing of the shelter of abandoned houses, or lying at the foot of trees, I shall live, casting off all things dear or hateful. Without indulging in grief or joy, and regarding censure and applause, hope and affliction, equally, and prevailing over every couple of opposites, I shall live casting off all the things of the world. Without conversing with anybody, I shall assume the outward form of a blind and deaf idiot, while living in contentment and deriving happiness from my own soul. Without doing the least injury to the four kinds of movable and immovable creatures, I shall behave equally towards all creatures whether mindful of their duties or following only the dictates of the senses. I shall not jeer at any one, nor shall I frown at anybody. Restraining all my senses, I shall always be of a cheerful face. Without asking anybody about the way, proceeding along any route that I may happen to meet with, I shall go on, without taking note of the country or the point of the compass to which or towards which I may go. Regardless of whither I may proceed, I shall not look behind. Divesting myself of desire and wrath, and turning my gaze inwards, I shall go on, casting off pride of soul and body. Nature always walks ahead; hence, food and drink will somehow be accomplished. I shall not think of those pairs of opposites that stand in the way of such a life. If pure food in even a small

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रो वृत्रवधेनैव महेन्द्र: समपद्यत

English

Cold, heat and wind are the three bodily qualities; their equilibrium is called the mark of health.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हन्ता रुद्रस्तथा स्कन्द: शक्रोडग्निर्वरुणो यम:

English

When one of them is in excess, a remedy is prescribed: heat is checked by cold and cold by heat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वसवो मरुत: साध्या विश्वेदेवाक्ष भारत

English

Sattva, rajas and tamas are the three mental qualities; grief is checked by joy and joy by grief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न ब्रह्माणं न धातारं न पूषाणं कथंचन

English

Someone in happiness wishes to remember sorrow; someone in sorrow wishes to remember happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्त्वै: सत्त्वा हि जीवन्ति दुर्बलैर्बलवत्तरा:

English

You are neither sorrowing from sorrow nor happy from happiness, neither sorrowing from born joy nor happy from born sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बिडालमत्ति श्वा राजन् श्वानं व्यालमृगस्तथा

English

You ought to remember, Kaurava, that fate is stronger; or else this is your nature by which you are drawn.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणस्यान्नमिदं सर्व जड़मं स्थावरं च यत्

English

You ought not to remember seeing Krishna in the assembly in a single garment, in her season, while the sons of Pandu looked on.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा सृष्टोडसि राजेन्द्र तथा भवितुमरहसि

English

Nor the exile from the city, the dwelling in deerskins, nor the dwelling in the great forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विना वध॑ न कुर्वन्ति तापसा: प्राणयापनम्

English

How can you have forgotten the torment from Jatasura, the fight with Chitrasena, the torment from Saindhava, and again the kick of Kichaka in the year unknown?

हिन्दी अर्थ

नच वक्षिन्न तान हन्ति किमन्यत् प्राणयापनात्

English

The war that you had with Drona and Bhishma, subduer of foes—this dreadful battle has now come to you with your mind alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिवा और क्या है?

English

In which there is no need of arrows, friends or kinsmen, and one must fight by oneself alone—that battle has come to you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पक्ष्मणो5पि निपातेन येषां स्यथात् स्कन्धपर्यय:

English

If you are freed of life without winning in that battle, you will take another body and fight with it again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वने कुट॒म्बधर्माणो दृश्यन्ते परिमोहिता:

English

Therefore, bull of the Bharatas, you must go to that battle today; having won it, great king, you will have fulfilled your task.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्यास्तन्वते यज्ञांस्ते स्वर्ग प्राप्रुवन्ति च

English

Resolving on this, knowing the coming and going of beings, rule the kingdom as is fitting, in the conduct of your father and grandfather.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कौन्तेय सर्वभूतानां तत्र मे नास्ति संशय:

English

By good fortune the sinful Duryodhana is slain in battle with his followers; by good fortune you have gone the road of Draupadi's hair.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संतर्जिता दण्डभयाज्ज्वलन्ति

English

Sacrifice with the horse sacrifice duly with fees; we are your servants, Partha, and the valiant Vasudeva."

हिन्दी अर्थ

न कन्योद्धहनं गच्छेद् यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्

English

measure be not obtainable in the first house (to which I may go), I shalt get it by going to other houses. If I fail to procure it by even such a round, I shall proceed to seven houses in succession and fill my craving. When the smoke of houses will cease, their hearth-fires having been extinguished, when husking-rods will be kept aside, and all the inmates will have taken their food, when mendicants and guests Will cease to wander, I shall select a moment for my round of mendicancy and solicit alms at two, three, or five houses at the most. I shall wander over the earth, after breaking the bonds of desire. Preserving equability in success and failure, I shall earn great ascetic merit. I shall behave neither like one that is fond of life nor like one that is about to die.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत्र दण्ड: सुविहितश्चरत्यरिविनाशन:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "Possessed by these sins you desire the kingdom; become free of flesh (greed), released, tranquil and very happy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवर्षन्त: फलैदनिर्भुज्जनाश्षान्नमुत्तमम्

English

One who rules this whole earth, as one king, still has but one belly; why do you praise this?

हिन्दी अर्थ

सच दण्डे समायत्त: पश्य दण्डस्य गौरवम्

English

It cannot be filled in a day or a month, bull among men; filling the unfillable with desire, one cannot manage it even in a lifetime.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहिंसासाधुहिंसेति श्रेयान् धर्मपरिग्रह:

English

As fire blazes when kindled and dies when not, so quench the fire of the belly when it has risen, by little food; the glutton wins the earth and is better off conquered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वही कार्य श्रेष्ठ मानना चाहिए:

English

You praise human pleasures and enjoyments and lordship; those who do not enjoy and the weak go to the unsurpassed state.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वहन्ति बहवो भारान् बध्नन्ति दमयन्ति च

English

The security and welfare of the kingdom, and dharma and unrighteousness, rest on you; be freed from the great burden; take refuge in renunciation alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तैस्तैन्ययिर्महाराज पुराणं धर्ममाचर

English

For the sake of a single belly the tiger makes a great kill, and others live on his leavings, the slow-footed beasts that roam.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमित्रान् जहि कौन्तेय मित्राणि परिपालय

English

Withdrawing from objects of sense, the ascetic renounces; kings are not content; see how the minds differ.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दूध न दुहावे और कन्या ब्याह न करे

English

I shall not manifest any liking for life or dislike for death. If one strikes off one arm of mine and another smears the other arm with sandal-paste, I shall not wish evil to the one or good to the other. Discarding all those acts conducive to prosperity that one can do in life, the only acts I shall perform will be to open and shut my eyes and take as much food and drink as will barely keep up life. Without ever being attached to action, and always restraining the functions of the senses, I shall give up all desires and purify the soul of all impurities. Freed from all attachments and tearing off all bonds and ties, I shall live free as the wind. Living in such freedom from affections, everlasting contentment will be mine. Through desire, I have, from ignorance, committed great sins. A certain class of men, doing both auspicious and inauspicious acts here, maintain their wives, children, and kinsmen, all bound to them in relations of cause and effect, l When the period of their life runs out, casting off their weakened bodies, they take upon themselves all the effects of their sinful acts, for none but the actor is burdened with the consequences of his acts. 2 Even thus, endued with actions, creatures come into this wheel of life that is continually turning like the wheel of a car, and even thus, coming thither, they meet with their fellow-creatures. He, however, who abandons the worldly course of life, which is really a fleeting illusion although it looks eternal, and which is afflicted by birth, death, decrepitude, disease, and pain, is sure to obtain happiness. When again, the very gods fall down from heaven and great Rishis from their respective positions of eminence who, that is acquainted with truths of causes (and effects) would wish to have even heavenly prosperity? 3 Insignificant kings, having performed diverse acts relating to the diverse means of kingcraft (known by the means of conciliation, gift, &c.) often slay a king through some contrivance. Reflecting on these circumstances, this nectar of wisdom hath come to me. Having attained it, I desire to get a permanent, eternal, and unchangeable place (for myself). Always (conducting myself) with such wisdom and acting in this way, I shall, by betaking myself to that fearless path of life, terminate this physical frame that is subject to birth, death, decrepitude, disease, and pain.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममत्वं न प्रजानीयुर्यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्

English

wronging men of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिवद् दक्षिणावन्ति यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्

English

In your plans be free of undertaking, free of hope and possessiveness; take your stand on the griefless, imperishable state here and hereafter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बेखटके न होने पावे

English

Those without flesh (desire) do not grieve; why do you grieve for flesh? Abandoning all flesh, you will be freed from falsehood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न विद्यां प्राप्तुयात् कश्चिद् यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्

English

There are two paths, famed: the path of the ancestors and the path of the gods; the sacrificers go by the path of the ancestors, the liberated by the path of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युक्ता वहेयुर्यानानि यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्

English

Purified by austerity, celibacy and Vedic study, casting off their bodies, they shine, having gone beyond the domain of death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिये जानेपर भी उन्हें ढोकर ले न जायेँ

English

In the world, flesh (desire) is a bond and so is action here; freed from those two nooses, one reaches the supreme state.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तिछेद् युवती धर्मे यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्

English

They also tell of this verse sung by Janaka, free of dualities, liberated, seeing liberation:

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्डे स्वर्गो मनुष्याणां लोकोयं सुप्रतिषछ्ठित:

English

'Truly endless is my wealth, who have nothing at all; when Mithila is on fire, nothing of mine burns.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। मनुष्योंका इहलोक और स्वर्गलोक दण्डपर ही प्रतिष्ठित है

English

Ascending the palace of wisdom, one looks on grieving people, who should not be grieved for, as one on a mountain looks on dull-witted people on the ground.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पाप और ठगी भी नहीं देखनेमें आती है

English

He who sees what is to be seen is possessed of sight and wisdom; by knowledge of the unknown and by awakening, wisdom is spoken of.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हरेत् काक: पुरोडाशं यदि दण्डो न पालयेत्

English

He who understands speech obtains great honour; he is Brahma, among physicians of those born of the nature of Brahma, with refined souls.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्यस्तत्र न शोको वै भुड्क्ष्य भोगान् यजस्व च

English

When he sees the separate states of beings as one, then from that very expansion he becomes Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भोग भोगिये और यज्ञ कीजिये

English

They go the way of people; the unlearned and dull-minded do not, nor the unwise or those without austerity; everything rests on wisdom."

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहिये। कुन्तीनन्दन! आप शत्रुओंका वध और मित्रोंका पालन कीजिये

English

for a living person, they walk under its shade and beg of it its fruits. Those fruits that fall down on such occasions are regarded as the alms granted by the tree to its mendicant guest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विक्लवत्वं च न: प्राप्तमबलत्वं तथैव च

English

[Arjuna said:] "People tell this ancient history, the dialogue of the king of Videha with his wife, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखका स्मरण करना चाहता है

English

When the lord of Videha had resolved to give up his kingdom and beg, his queen, distressed, said to him:

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमव्यक्तरूपस्य व्यक्त त्यक्त्वा स्वकर्मभि:

English

'Abandoning wealth, children, friends and jewels of many kinds, and the purifying path, Janaka has taken to shaven-headedness.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतज्जित्वा महाराज कृतकृत्यो भविष्यसि

English

His beloved wife saw him living by alms, penniless, sitting with a handful of grain, without effort, free of envy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृपैतामहे वृत्ते शाधि राज्यं यथोचितम्

English

Approaching her fearless husband in private, the wife, high-minded and angry, said reasoned words:

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्रौपद्या: केशपाशस्य दिष्ट्या त्वं पदवीं गत:

English

'How, abandoning your own kingdom rich in wealth and grain, taking up a skull-bearer's life, do you roam the forest with a handful of grain?

हिन्दी अर्थ

वयं ते किंकरा: पार्थ वासुदेवश्च वीर्यवान्

English

Your vow is otherwise, king, and your conduct otherwise, that you give up a great kingdom and are content with a little.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बल॑ मोहो5भिमानश्षाप्युद्वेगश्वैव सर्वश:

English

Neither guests, nor gods, sages and ancestors can be supported by this now by you; this labour of yours is in vain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तत्र किल्बिषं किंचित् कर्तुर्भवीति भारत

English

therefore, as agents of happiness or the reverse, depend upon one's past acts. They are effects of pre- existing causes. Then again, they may be causes of effects to be manifested in the next life, for their acts also are supposed to affect the next life of him to whom they belong.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शत्रुओंका वध करनेसे कर्ताको कोई पाप नहीं लगता

English

You who were the supporter of thousands of aged Brahmanas learned in the three Vedas, and of the world, now seek a livelihood from others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवध्ये चात्मनि कथं वध्यो भवति कस्यचित्

English

Having abandoned blazing fortune, you are now looked on like a corpse; your mother Kausalya is childless and husbandless through you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही नहीं सकता तब वह किसीका वध्य कैसे होगा?

English

Eighty dharma-seeking kshatriya women wait on you, hoping in you, wretched ones intent on fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं जीव: शरीराणि तानि तानि प्रपद्यते

English

Making them fruitless, to what worlds will you go, O king, with liberation uncertain for embodied beings who are dependent?

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं मृत्युमुखं प्राहुर्जना ये तत्त्वदर्शिन:

English

For you there is neither this world nor the next, a sinner, who, abandoning lawful wives, wish to live.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धैर्यमास्थाय तेजस्वी ज्येष्ठं भ्रातरमब्रवीत्

English

Why, abandoning garlands, scents, ornaments and garments of many kinds, do you wander inactive?

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपशिक्षाम ते वृत्तं सहैव न च शक्‍नुम:

English

Having been a watering-place for all beings, a great purifier, a rich tree, you now wait on others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदा ही सदाचारकी शिक्षा पाते हैं। हम आपको शिक्षा दे नहीं सकते

English

Many flesh-eaters feed on an elephant when cast down, and many worms; what then of you, useless?

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिदु:खात्तु वक्ष्यामि तन्निबोध जनाधिप

English

If someone broke this water-jar of yours, took your three-staved stick, or took away your cloth, how would your mind be?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोहमापद्यसे हैन्याद् यथा कापुरुषस्तथा

English

You who abandoned everything and hold a handful of grain—if all is equal to that, what is this that is being given to me? If a handful of grain is the aim here, your vow is destroyed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आयत्यां च तदात्वे च न तेस्त्यविदितं प्रभो

English

Who am I to you, who are you to me, what favour have you for me today? Rule the earth, O king, where you may show favour; palace, bed, vehicles, garments and ornaments.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसे ही यहाँ बता रहा हूँ। आप एकाग्रचित्त होकर सुनें

English

Of the wealth gathered by the happy, you give up what is held by the fortuneless, the penniless, those who abandon friends and those with nothing; what then is that?

हिन्दी अर्थ

परस्परं तयोर्जन्म निर्दधन्द्ध नोपलभ्यते

English

Know the difference between one who always receives and one who always gives; which of the two is called better?

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुःखेन लभते दुःखं द्वावनर्थो च विन्दति

English

The gift given to those who always beg, even among the good free of pretence, is like an oblation badly offered in a forest fire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां गुणानां साम्य॑ं यत्तदाहु: स्वस्थलक्षणम्

English

As fire, O king, does not go out without burning, so a Brahmana who always begs does not become calm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

साम्यावस्थामें रहना ही स्वस्थताका लक्षण बताया गया है

English

The Vedas of the good and food in this world are an established nature; if there were no giver, how would there be liberation-seekers?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां गुणानां साम्य॑ं यत्तदाहु: स्वस्थलक्षणम्

English

From food householders and mendicants exist in this world; from food life arises; the giver of food is the giver of life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शोक (रजोगुण)-का निवारण होता है और शोकके द्वारा हर्षका

English

Derived from householders and resting on householders, the self-controlled sit censuring their origin and support.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वश्चिद् दुःखे वर्तमान: सुखस्य स्मर्तुमिच्छति

English

One is not to be known as a mendicant by renunciation, nor by shaving, nor by begging; know that the upright one who renounces possessions is the happy mendicant.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथवा ते स्वभावोयं येन पार्थिव क्लिश्यसे

English

Going unattached as if attached, free of attachment, free of bonds, equal toward foe and friend—he is truly liberated, lord of the earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिषतां पाण्डुपुत्राणां न तस्य स्मर्तुमहसि

English

Shaven, in ochre garments, white, they wander for the sake of gifts, accumulating vain flesh with many kinds of nooses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महारण्यनिवासश्न न तस्य स्मर्तुमहसि

English

Those who abandon the Three Vedas and trade, and abandon their sons, and the foolish who accept a three-staved stick and a cloth—

हिन्दी अर्थ

सैन्धवाच्च परिक्लेशं कथं विस्मृतवानसि

English

know that ochre is for the sake of effort in one whose stains are not cleansed; it is for the livelihood of the shaven banner-bearers of dharma, so I think.

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्रौपद्या राजपुत्र्याश्न कथं विस्मृतवानसि

English

Supporting good men, naked, shaven, matted, in ochre robes, antelope skins and bark garments, great king, conquer the worlds, controlling your senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मारी थी, उस घटनाको आपने सहसा कैसे भुला दिया?

English

The Janaka who formerly gave daily fire-installations, sacrifices for his teachers with animals and fees—what is more righteous than that?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनसैकेन योद्धव्यं तत्ते युद्धमुपस्थितम्

English

King Janaka was sung in the world as knower of the truth; even he was possessed of delusion; do not fall under the sway of delusion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपको ही लड़ना है। वह युद्ध आपके सामने उपस्थित है

English

Thus by men ever devoted to giving, the dharma has been followed, men endowed with the quality of kindness, free of desire and anger,

हिन्दी अर्थ

धारण करके पुनःउन्हीं शत्रुओंके साथ आपको युद्ध करना पड़ेगा

English

protecting subjects and resorting to the supreme gift, we shall gain the desired worlds, devoted to Brahmanas and truthful.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

निरामिषो विनिर्मुक्त: प्रशान्त: सुसुखी भव

English

Bhimasena said, "Thy understanding, O king, has become blind to the

हिन्दी अर्थ

पशु भी उसीके सहारे जीवन-निर्वाह करते हैं

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "The scriptures are confused and painted with reasonings; but what the conclusion is, I know it duly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पहुँच जाते हैं जहाँ मृत्युका प्रवेश नहीं है

English

You are only a master of weapons, devoted to the vow of heroes; you are in no way able to reach the meaning of the scriptures in truth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ताभ्यां विमुक्त: पापाभ्यां पदमाप्नोति तत् परम्

English

One who sees the subtleties of the meaning of the scriptures and knows the conclusions of dharma—even he should not speak to me so, if you see dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्दन्द्ेन विमुक्तेन मोक्ष समनुपश्यता

English

The word you spoke out of brotherly affection was just and fitting, son of Kunti; I am pleased with you for it, Arjuna.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिथिलायां प्रदीप्तायां न मे दह्युति किंचन

English

In all the dharmas of war and in the skills of action, there is none equal to you in the three worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मभावप्रपन्नानां वैद्यानां भावितात्मनाम्

English

But in the word that is subtle in dharma, Dhananjaya, you are hard to cross; you ought not to doubt my understanding.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत एव च विस्तार ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा

English

You know only the science of war; you have not served the aged; you do not know the conclusion of those who know the broad and concise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाबुद्धयो नातपस: सर्व बुद्धौ प्रतेष्ठितम्

English

The conclusion of those wise in austerity is: austerity, renunciation, rule; each later one surpasses the former; this is the path to the highest good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्याप्युदरमेकं वै किमिदं त्वं प्रशंससि

English

truth, like that of a foolish and unintelligent reciter of the Veda in consequence of his repeated recitation of those scriptures. If censuring the duties of kings thou wouldst lead a life of idleness, then, O bull of Bharata's race, this destruction of the Dhartarashtras was perfectly uncalled for. Are forgiveness and compassion and pity and abstention from injury not to be found in anybody walking along the path of Kshatriya duties? If we Knew that this was thy intention, we would then have never taken up arms and slain a single creature. We would then have lived by mendicancy till the destruction of this body. This terrible battle between the rulers of the earth would also have never taken place. The learned have said this all that we see is food for the strong. Indeed, this mobile and immobile world is our object of enjoyment for the person that is strong. Wise men acquainted with Kshatriya duties have declared that they who stand in the way of the person taking the sovereignty of the earth, should be slain. Guilty of that fault, those that stood as enemies of our kingdom have all been slain by us. Having slain them, O Yudhishthira, righteously govern this earth. This our act (in refusing the kingdom) is like that of a person who having dug a well stops in his work before obtaining water and comes up smutted with mire. Or, this our act is like that of a person who having climbed up a tall tree and taken honey there from meets with death before tasting it. Or, it is like that of a person who having set out on a long way comes back in despair without having reached his destination. Or, it is like that of a person who having slain all his foes, O thou of Kuru's race, at last Falls by his own hand. Or, it is like that of a person afflicted with hunger, who having obtained food, refuses to take it, or of a person under the influence of desire, who having obtained a woman reciprocating his passion, refuses to meet with her. We have become objects of censure, O Bharata, because, O king, we follow thee that art of feeble understanding, in consequence of thyself being our eldest brother. We are possessed of mighty arms; we are accomplished in knowledge and endued with great energy. Yet we are obedient to the words of a eunuch as if we were entirely helpless. We are the refuge of all helpless persons. Yet, when people see us so, why would they not say that in respect of the acquisition of our objects we are entirely powerless? Reflect on this that I say. It has been laid down that (a life of) renunciation should be adopted, only in times of distress, by kings overcome with decrepitude or defeated by foes. Men of wisdom, therefore, do not applaud renunciation as the duty of a Kshatriya. On the other hand, they that are of clear sight think that the adoption of that course of life (by a Kshatriya) involves even the loss of virtue. How can those that have sprung from that order, that are devoted to the practices of that order, and that have refuge in them, censure those duties? Indeed, if those duties be censurable, then why should not the Supreme Ordainer be censured? l It is only those persons that are reft of prosperity and wealth and that are infidels in faith, that have promulgated this precept of the Vedas (about the propriety of a Kshatriya's adoption of

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता है; अतः तुम किसलिये इस राज्यकी प्रशंसा करते हो?

English

Righteous people devoted to austerity and Vedic study are seen, sages joined to austerity, whose worlds are eternal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपूर्या पूरयन्निच्छामायुषापि न शक्‍नुयात्

English

Others, steadfast though their beards have not grown, forest-dwellers, endless and penniless, went to heaven by Vedic study.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अल्पाहारतया त्वग्निं शमयौदर्यमुत्थितम्

English

By the northern path, the noble, by restraint of the senses, casting off the darkness born of ignorance, went to the worlds of the renouncers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जयोदरं पृथिव्या ते श्रेयो निर्जितया जितम्

English

By the southern path, the shining one that you see, are the worlds of those who perform rites and who resort to cremation grounds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कल्याणपर विजय पा ली है

English

That state seen by the liberation-seekers cannot be described; therefore renunciation is held chief, but it is hard to know.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभोगिनोडबलाश्वैव यान्ति स्थानमनुत्तमम्

English

The poets, following the scriptures, stand there: 'Perhaps here, perhaps here,' wishing to see the essential from the non-essential.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्त करते हैं

English

Passing beyond Vedic disputations and the forest scriptures, splitting the plantain stem, they did not find the core.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुच्यस्व महतो भारात् त्यागमेवाभिसंश्रय

English

Then, setting aside the extreme, in the body made of five elements, they speak by signs of the self as joined with desire and aversion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमन्येडप्युपजीवन्ति मन्दा लोभवशा मृगा:

English

It is not grasped by the eye, nor described by speech; preceded by action as cause, it revolves among beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न च तुष्यन्ति राजान: पश्य बुद्धयन्तरं यथा

English

Making the mind's range auspicious, restraining craving and casting off the chain of action, one is supportless and happy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब्भक्षेवायुभक्षैश्न तैरयं नरको जित:

English

On this subtle path followed by the good, Arjuna, how can you praise wealth, full of harm?

हिन्दी अर्थ

पानी या हवा पीकर रह जाते हैं, उन तपस्वी पुरुषोंने ही नरकपर विजय पायी है

English

People who know earlier scriptures thus see, Bharata, ever devoted to rites, giving, sacrifice and works.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुल्याश्मकांचनो यश्व स कृतार्थो न पार्थिव:

English

The learned, though reasoning, become hard to turn; the foolish, firm in what they heard before, say 'There is no such thing.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अशोकं स्थानमातिष्ठ इह चामुत्र चाव्ययम्

English

Despisers of the immortal, speakers in assemblies of people, great talkers of much learning roam the whole earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईजाना: पितृयानेन देवयानेन मोक्षिण:

English

Whom we do not know, who here can know them? Thus even the wise and the great, the best knowers of scripture.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमुच्य देहांस्ते यान्ति मृत्योरविषयं गता:

English

By austerity one attains the great, by wisdom one finds the great, by renunciation one attains happiness; so the knower of dharma, son of Kunti."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह प्राचीन इतिहास कहा करते हैं

English

a life of renunciation) as the truth. In reality, however, it is never proper for a Kshatriya to do so. He who is competent to support life by prowess, he who can support himself by his own exertions, does not live, but really falls away from his duty, by the hypocritical externals of a life of renunciation. That man only is capable of leading a solitary life of happiness in the woods who is unable to support sons and grandsons and the deities and Rishis and guests and Pitris. As the deer and boars and birds (though they lead a forest life) cannot attain to heaven, even so those Kshatriyas that are not bereft of prowess yet not given to doing good turns cannot attain to heaven by leading only a forest life. They should acquire religious merit by other ways. If, O king, anybody were to obtain success from renunciation, then mountains and trees would surely obtain it! These latter are always seen to lead lives of renunciation. They do not injure any one. They are, again, always aloof from a life of worldliness and are all Brahmacharins . If it be the truth that a person's success depends upon his own lot in life and not upon that of other, then (as a person born in the Kshatriya order) thou shouldst betake thyself to action. He that is reft of action can never have success. If they that fill only their own stomachs could attain to success, then all aquatic creatures would obtain it, for these have none else to support save their own selves. Behold, the world moves on, with every creature on it employed in acts proper to its nature. Therefore, one should betake oneself to action. The man reft of action can never obtain success.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

यद् राज्यं महदुत्सृज्य स्वल्पे तुष्यसि पार्थिव

English

"What was said by Phalguna—'There is nothing better than wealth'—on this I shall speak to you; hear with a single mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूपाल! आपने विशाल राज्य छोड़कर थोड़ी-सी वस्तुमें संतोष कर लिया

English

Ajatashatru, the whole earth has been conquered by you by dharma; having conquered it, you, O king, ought not to abandon it in vain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अद्य शक्‍्यास्त्वया भर्तु मोघस्तेडयं परिश्रम:

English

The four-rung ladder is established in action; ascend it in order duly, mighty-armed king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पोषण नहीं कर सकते, अत: आपका यह परिश्रम व्यर्थ है

English

Therefore, Partha, sacrifice with great sacrifices with abundant fees; the sages have Vedic study as sacrifice, others knowledge as sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भर्ता भूत्वा च लोकस्य सोड्द्य तैर्भतिमिच्छसि

English

Know those devoted to action and those devoted to austerity, Bharata; the word of the Vaikhanasas is heard thus, king of kings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपुत्रा जननी ते5द्य कौसल्या चापतिस्त्वया

English

One who strives for wealth—greater is the non-striving of that one; greater fault would grow in one who relied on wealth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किमर्थमभिसंत्यज्य परिव्रजसि निष्क्रिय:

English

With difficulty they collect goods for the sake of wealth; thirsting for wealth, unwittingly, one does not know the sin of killing an embryo.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बहव: कृमयश्चैव कि पुनस्त्वामनर्थकम्

English

What one gives to the unworthy and does not give to the worthy, from not knowing worthy and unworthy, even the dharma of giving is hard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विदेहराजमहिषी दु:खिता यदभाषत

English

Kshatriyas cannot be deserving of censure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पन्थानं पावकं हित्वा जनको मौढ्यमास्थित:

English

Indra, of great energy, approached all the gods with various sacrifices rich in food; by that he gained Indra-hood and shines; therefore everything should be used in sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धानामुष्टिमुपासीनं निरीहं गतमत्सरम्

English

Mahadeva, the great soul, god of gods, glorious, in the Sarvamedha offered himself, and pervading and upholding all worlds by his fame, the radiant, hide-clad one shines.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रुद्धा मनस्विनी भार्या विविक्ते हेतुमद् वच:

English

The king Marutta, son of Avikshit, a mortal, sacrificed to the king of the gods with his prosperity; Fortune herself settled in his sacrifice, and in it all the vessels were of gold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कापालीं वृत्तिमास्थाय धानामुष्टि्न ते वर:

English

Harishchandra, king of kings, has been heard of by you; having sacrificed with sacrifices, a doer of merit, free of grief, by his prosperity he, a mortal, conquered Shakra; therefore everything should be used in sacrifice."

हिन्दी अर्थ

वासश्नापि हरेत् तस्मिन् कथं ते मानसं भवेत्

English

"Arjuna said, 'In this connection an old history is cited, viz., the discourse between certain ascetics and Sakra, O bull of Bharata's race! A number of well-born Brahmana youth of little understanding, without the hirsute honours of manhood, abandoning their homes, came to the woods for leading a forest life. Regarding that to be virtue, those youths of abundant resources became desirous of living as Brahmacharins, having abandoned their brothers and sires. It so happened that Indra became compassionate towards them. Assuming the form of a golden bird, the holy Sakra addressed them, saying, 'That which is done by persons that eat the remnants of a sacrifice is the most difficult of acts that men can achieve, l Such an act is highly meritorious. The lives of such men are worthy of every praise. Having attained the object of life, those men, devoted to virtue obtain the highest end.' Hearing these words, the Rishis said, 'Lo, this bird applauds those that subsist upon the remnants of

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रभवं च प्रतिष्ठां च दान्ता विन्दन्त आसते

English

"Contentment is truly the best of heavens, contentment is supreme happiness; nothing stands rightly above contentment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋजुस्तु योर्थ त्यजति न सुखं विद्धि भिक्षुकम्

English

When one draws in his desires on all sides as the tortoise its limbs, then the self-light shines by the Self alone, in his own self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम: शत्रौ च मित्रे च स वै मुक्तो महीपते

English

When he fears nothing and nothing fears him, when he conquers desire and aversion, then he sees the Self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिता बहुविधै: पाशै: संचिन्वन्तो वृथामिषम्

English

When he is angry at no being and hates none, in action, mind and speech, then he becomes Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

खोज करते रहते हैं-

English

Thus, son of Kunti, beings see this or that dharma in this or that way at this or that time; therefore understand, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिविष्टब्धं च वासश्र प्रतिगृह्नन्त्यबुद्धयः

English

Some praise tranquility, others exertion; some neither one nor the other, and others both.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धारण कर लेते हैं

English

Some praise sacrifice, others renunciation; some praise giving, some acceptance; some, abandoning all, sit silent in meditation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मध्वजानां मुण्डानां वृत्यर्थमिति मे मिति:

English

Some praise kingship, the protection of all; some, who love solitude, praise slaying, splitting and cutting.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदानेन सम॑ सर्व किमिदं हृवसीयसे

English

sacrifices. He informs us of it, for we live upon such remnants.' The bird then said, 'I do not applaud you.' Ye are stationed with mire and very impure. Living upon offals, ye are wicked. Ye are not persons subsisting upon the remnants of sacrifice.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

का वाहं तव को मे त्वं कश्न ते मय्यनुग्रह:

English

"The Rishis said, 'We regard this our course of life to be highly blessed. Tell us, O bird, what is for our good. Thy words inspire us with great faith.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

आप मेरे कौन हैं तथा आपका मुझपर अनुग्रह भी क्या है?

English

"The bird said, 'If you do not refuse me your faith by arraying yourselves against your better selves, then I shall tell you words that are true and beneficial.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रासादं शयनं यानं वासांस्थाभरणानि च

English

"The Rishis said, 'We shall listen to thy words, O sire, for the different paths are all known to thee. O thou of righteous soul, we desire also to obey thy commands. Instruct us now.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तयोस्त्वमन्तरं विद्धि श्रेयांस्ताभ्यां क उच्यते

English

"The bird said, Among quadrupeds the cow is the foremost. Of metals, gold is the foremost. Of words, mantras, and of bipeds, the Brahmanas, are the foremost. These mantras regulate all the rites of a Brahmana's life beginning with those appertaining to birth and the period after it, and ending with those appertaining to death and the crematorium. These Vedic rites are his heaven, path, and foremost of sacrifices. If it were otherwise, how could I find the acts (of persons in quest of heaven) become successful through mantras! He who, in this world, adores his soul, firmly regarding it to be a deity of a particular kind, obtains success consistent with the nature of that particular deity, l The seasons measured by half the months lead to the Sun, the Moon, or the Stars. 2 These three kinds of success, depending upon action are desired by every creature. The domestic mode of life is very superior and sacred and is called the field (for the cultivation) of success. By what path do those men go that censure

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतेषु दक्षिणा दत्ता दावाग्नाविव दुर्हुतम्

English

Having transferred his fortune to his son, living in the forest on wild produce, he should spend his time untiring, by the ascetic rule.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहैव याचमानो हि तथा शाम्यति न द्विज:

English

The king who so conducts himself, determined in the dharma of kings, has this world and the next fruitful, O king; liberation I think very hard to cross and full of obstacles.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चेद् राजा भवेद् दाता कुत:ः स्युर्मोक्षकांक्षिण:

English

Those who followed dharma thus, devoted to truth, giving and austerity, endowed with kindness, free of desire and anger,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्नात् प्राण: प्रभवति अन्नद: प्राणदो भवेत्

English

engaged in protecting subjects, resorting to supreme self-restraint, attained the highest state by fighting for cows and Brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणशक्ति प्रकट होती है; अत: अन्नदाता प्राणदाता होता है

English

So the Rudras, with the Vasus, and the Adityas, scorcher of foes, the Sadhyas and hosts of royal sages, resorted to this dharma; careless no more, they reached heaven by their merits and their own deeds."

हिन्दी अर्थ

बिभ्रत् साधून् महाराज जय लोकान् जितेन्द्रिय:

English

action? Of little understanding and deprived of wealth, they incur sin. And since those men of little understanding live by abandoning the eternal paths of the gods, the paths of the Rishis, and the paths of Brahma, therefore, they attain to paths disapproved of by the Srutis. 3 There is an ordinance in the mantras which says, 'Ye sacrificer, perform the sacrifice represented by gifts of valuable things. I wilt give thee happiness represented by sons, animals, and heaven! '--To live, therefore, in accordance with ordinance is said to be the highest asceticism of the ascetics. Therefore, ye should perform such sacrifices and such penances in the shape of gifts. The due performance of

हिन्दी अर्थ

इष्टॉल्लोकानवाप्स्यामो गुरुवृद्धोपचायिन:

English

"Having obtained an unsurpassed kingdom by kshatriya dharma, knower of dharma, having conquered your foes, best of men, why do you grieve so greatly?

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थानमिष्टमवाप्स्यामो ब्रह्माण्या: सत्यवादिन:

English

For kshatriyas, great king, death in battle is declared, better than many sacrifices; remember kshatriya dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभयं वेदवचनं कुरु कर्म त्यजेति च

English

For Brahmanas austerity and renunciation are prescribed as the rule of dharma after death; for kshatriyas death in battle is ordained, lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्म छोड़ो--इन दोनोंका ही मुझे ज्ञान है

English

The kshatriya dharma is very dreadful, said to have weapons as constant; and slaying in battle in due time with the weapon, best of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निश्चयश्चैव यो मन्त्रे वेदाहं तं यथाविधि

English

Even for a Brahmana, O king, if he stands in kshatriya dharma, life is praised in the world, for the kshatriya is Brahma established.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शास्त्रार्थ तत्त्वतो गन्तुं न समर्थ: कथंचन

English

For a kshatriya are not prescribed renunciation, nor begging, nor austerity, lord of men, nor living on another's property.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेनाप्येवं न वाच्यो5हं यदि धर्म प्रपश्यसि

English

You, knower of all dharma, soul of all, bull of the Bharatas, a king, wise, skilled, who have seen the high and low in the world,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथनकी यथार्थताका अनुभव करोगे

English

casting off grief born of anguish, armour yourself for action; especially for a kshatriya the heart is made of thunderbolt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुण्यलोकोंपर विजय प्राप्त कीजिये

English

these eternal duties, viz., the worship of the gods, the study of the Vedas, and the gratification of the Pitris, as also regardful services unto the preceptors—these are called the austerest of penances. The gods, by performing such exceedingly difficult penances, have obtained the highest glory and power. I, therefore, tell you to bear the very heavy burthen of the duties of domesticity. Without doubt, penances are the foremost of all things and are the root of all creatures. Asceticism, however, is to be obtained by leading a life of domesticity, upon which depends everything. They that eat the remnants of feasts, after duly apportioning the food morning and evening among kinsmen, attain to ends that are exceedingly difficult of attainment. They are called eater of the remnants of feasts who eat after having served guests and gods and Rishis and kinsmen. Therefore, those persons that are observant of their own duties, that practise excellent vows and are truthful in speech, become objects of great respect in the world, with their own faith exceedingly strengthened. Free from pride, those achievers of the most difficult feats attain to heaven and live for unending time in the regions of Sakra.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ददात्यहरह: पूर्व को नु धर्मरतस्तत:

English

"Arjuna continued, 'Those ascetics then, hearing these words that were beneficial and fraught with righteousness, abandoned the religion of renunciation, saying, 'There is nothing in it,' and betook themselves to a life of domesticity. Therefore, O thou that are conversant with righteousness, calling to thy aid that eternal wisdom, rule the wide world, O monarch that is now destitute of foes.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

युक्त यज्ञ एवं दान करता रहता है, उससे बढ़कर धर्मपरायण कौन होगा?”

English

unto gods and guests, acquire such religious merit that the like of it cannot be acquired by other men. Sacrifice, therefore, is the highest act in life and the most meritorious that man call do.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सोप्यासीन्मोहसम्पन्नो मा मोहवशमन्वगा:

English

the line becomes,— According to the manner in which the person of firm conviction approaches the Soul, is the success that he gets here. As the Srutis declare, if one firmly regards oneself to be Siva, the success one attains here and hereafter is after the kind of that deity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिया। अतः) आप भी मोहके वशीभूत न होइये

English

Do not grieve at all, bull among kshatriyas, since matters have come to this; they have gone by kshatriya dharma, purified by weapons, to the highest state.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आनृशंस्यगुणोपेता: कामक्रोधविवर्जिता:

English

What has happened was bound to be so, bull of the Bharatas; fate, tiger among kings, cannot be overcome."

हिन्दी अर्थ

न्याय्यं युक्त च कौन्तेय प्रीतो5हं तेन तेडर्जुन

English

allusions are very plain. What is meant is that those who die during the lighted fortnights of the summer solstice attain to solar regions of bliss. Those that die during the dark fortnights of the winter solstice, attain to lunar regions. These last have to return after passing their allotted periods of enjoyment and happiness. While those that are freed from attachments, whatever the time of their Death, go to Stellar regions which are equal to that of Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि यथा नैतत् प्रधानतः

English

"Bibhatsu's (Arjuna's) word, Yudhishthira, is right and true; the householder's stage is declared the highest, as seen in the scriptures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषयस्तपसा युक्ता येषां लोका: सनातना:

English

Follow your own dharma, knower of dharma, according to the scriptures and the rule; for the forest is not ordained by abandoning the householder's life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अरण्ये बहवश्चैव स्वाध्यायेन दिवं गता:

English

Gods, ancestors and sages always live from the householder, and servants too; serve them, lord of the earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अबुद्धिजं तमस्त्यक्त्वा लोकांस्त्यागवतां गता:

English

Birds, animals and beings, lord of the earth, are supported by householders alone; therefore the householder's stage is the eldest."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एते क्रियावतां लोका ये श्मशानानि भेजिरे

English

"This one among the four stages of life is hard to practise; practise it with a steady mind, Partha, though it is hard for those of weak senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपीह स्यादपीह स्यात् सारासारदिदृक्षया

English

You have full knowledge of the Veda and great austerity practised; you ought to bear the burden of the kingdom of your father and grandfather.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि क्या इस गार्हस्थ्य-जीवनमें कुछ सार है या इसके त्यागमें सार है?

English

Austerity, sacrifice, learning, begging, restraint of the senses, meditation, solitude, contentment and giving according to ability,

हिन्दी अर्थ

विपाट्य कदलीस्तम्भं सारं ददृशिरे न ते

English

these, great king, are the activities of Brahmanas that bring perfection; I shall tell of those for kshatriyas, which you also know again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। मैं उससे तुमपर प्रसन्न ही हुआ हूँ

English

sink in the scale of being and become worms and vermin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न त्वया सदृश: वक्षित् त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते

English

Full knowledge of the Veda, austerity well practised, acquisition of wealth and giving abundantly to worthy recipients,

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनज्जय न मे बुद्धिमभिशड्कितुमरहसि

English

these are the well-done deeds of kings, lord of men; we have heard that they accomplish this world and the next.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संक्षिप्तविस्तरविदां न तेषां वेत्सि निश्चयम्

English

Of them, son of Kunti, the bearing of the rod is called the best; for strength is ever in the kshatriya and the rod rests in strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम्हें पता नहीं है

English

These are the activities of kshatriyas, king, that bring perfection; Brihaspati also sang this verse:

हिन्दी अर्थ

परं परं ज्याय एपषां येषां नैश्रेयसी मति:

English

The earth swallows these two, as a serpent lying in its hole swallows: a king who does not resist and a Brahmana who does not travel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्तरोत्तर श्रेष्ठ है

English

And the royal sage Sudyumna too is heard to have attained supreme perfection by bearing the rod, like Daksha son of Prachetas."

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्हें इस जगत्में सार वस्तु नहीं दिखायी दी

English

"Vaisampayana said, 'Hearing these words of Arjuna, O chastiser of foes, Nakula of mighty arms and a broad chest, temperate in speech and possessed of great wisdom, with face whose colour then resembled that of copper, looked at the king, that foremost of all righteous persons, and spoke these words, besieging his brother's heart (with reason).'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तां जित्वा च वृथा राजन् न परित्यक्तुमहसि

English

[Vyasa said:] "Here too they tell this ancient history: Shankha and Likhita were two brothers of strict vows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्तम कीर्तिसे सम्पूर्ण विश्वको व्याप्त करके तेजस्वी रूपसे प्रकाशित हो रहे हैं

English

They each had a lovely hermitage of his own, furnished with trees bearing ever flowers and fruit, along the Bahuda river.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते हैं। किसी समय इन्द्रके पूछनेपर बृहस्पतिने इस प्रकार कहा था--

English

Then once Likhita came to Shankha's hermitage; by chance Shankha had gone out of the hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुष्टेन किंचित् परत: सा सम्यक् प्रतितिष्ठति

English

Coming to his brother Shankha's hermitage, Likhita then shook down fruit that was fully ripe.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामद्वेषौ च जयति तदा55त्मानं च पश्यति

English

Taking them, the Brahmana ate them trustingly, and as he was eating, Shankha too came to the hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मणा मनसा वाचा ब्रद्म सम्पद्यते तदा

English

Seeing him eating, Shankha said to his brother, "Where did you get the fruit, and for what reason do you eat it?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदा5त्मना प्रपश्यन्ति तस्माद् बुद्धयस्व भारत

English

Bowing and touching water, he said to his elder brother, smiling as it were, "I took it from here."

हिन्दी अर्थ

भरतनन्दन! इस समय तुम अपना कर्तव्य समझो

English

Then Shankha, filled with fierce anger, said to him, "You have committed theft by taking the fruit yourself; go to the king and proclaim your deed."

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छा, द्वेष आदिमें आसक्त आत्माकी स्थिति बताते हैं

English

"Nakula said, 'The very gods had established their fires in the region called Visakha-yupa. Know, therefore, O king, that the gods themselves depend upon the fruits of action, l The Pitris, that support (by rain) the lives of even all disbelievers, observing the ordinances (of the Creator as declared in the Vedas), are, O king, engaged in action. 2 Know them for downright atheists that reject the declaration of the Vedas (which inculcate action). The person that is learned in the Vedas, by following their declarations in all his acts, attains, O Bharata, to the highest region of heaven by the way of the deities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्महेतुपुरस्कारं भूतेषु परिवर्तते

English

This (domestic mode of life again) has been said by all persons acquainted with Vedic truths to be superior to all the (other) modes of life. Knowing this, O king, that the person who in sacrifices gives away his righteously acquired wealth unto those Brahmanas that are well conversant with the Vedas, and restrains his soul, is, O monarch, regarded as the true renouncer. He, however, who, disregarding (a life of domesticity, that is) the source of much happiness, jumps to the next mode of life,— that renouncer of his own self, l O monarch, is a renouncer labouring under the quality of darkness. That man who is homeless, who roves over the world (in his mendicant rounds), who has the foot of a tree for his shelter, who observes the vow of taciturnity, never cooks for himself, and seeks to restrain all the functions of his senses, is, O Partha, a renouncer in the observance of the vow of mendicancy. 2 That Brahmana who, disregarding wrath and joy, and especially deceitfulness, always employs his time in the study of the Vedas, is a renouncer in the observance of the vow of mendicancy. 3 The four different modes of life were at one time weighed in the balance. The wise have said, O king, that when domesticity was placed on one scale, it required the three others to be placed on the other for balancing it. Beholding the result of this examination by scales, O Partha, and seeing further, O Bharata, that domesticity alone contained both heaven and pleasure, that became the way of the great Rishis and the refuge of all persons conversant with the ways of the world. He, therefore, O bull of Bharata's race, who betakes himself to this mode of life, thinking it to be his duty and abandoning all desire for fruit, is a real renouncer, and not that man of clouded understanding who goes to the woods, abandoning home and its surroundings. A person, again, who under the hypocritical garb of righteousness, fails to forget his desires (even while living in the woods), is bound by the grim King of death with his deadly fetters round the neck. Those acts that are done from vanity, are said to be unproductive of fruit. Those acts, on the other hand, O monarch I that are done from a spirit of renunciation, always bear abundant fruits. 4 Tranquillity, self-

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मसंततिमुत्सृज्य स्यान्निरालम्बन: सुखी

English

Sudyumna, hearing from the border guards that Likhita had come, went on foot with his ministers, the lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथमर्थमनर्थाब्यमर्जुन त्वं प्रशंभसि

English

Meeting him, the king said to that best of Brahma-knowers: "Tell me why you have come, revered one; it is as good as done."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्गके रहते हुए तुम अनर्थोंसे भरे हुए अर्थ (धन) की प्रशंसा कैसे करते हो?

English

Thus addressed, the Brahmin-sage said to Sudyumna: "Promise, 'I will do it'; having heard, you ought to do it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रियासु निरता नित्यं दाने यज्ञे च कर्मणि

English

Fruits not given by my elder have been eaten by me, bull among men; punish me for that without delay."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं प्राज्ञा: श्रुताश्नापि महान्तः शास्त्रवित्तमा:

English

[Sudyumna said:] "If the king is held to be the authority in bearing the rod, then in granting permission too there should be a reason, best of Brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

(जिनको पहचानना बड़ा कठिन है)

English

You, permitted, pure in deeds and of great vows, ask for other wishes; I shall do your word."

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यागेन सुखमाप्रोति सदा कौन्तेय तत्त्ववित्

English

[Vyasa said:] Though urged by the great-souled king, the Brahmin-sage chose no other boon than the rod.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहीं है।” इसके विषयमें मैं भी तुमसे कुछ कहूँगा। तुम एकाग्रचित्त होकर सुनो

English

Then the king cut off the hands of the great-souled Likhita, and he, having borne the rod, went away.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वाध्याययज्ञा ऋषयो ज्ञानयज्ञास्तथापरे

English

Going to his brother Shankha, he said in distress, "Revered one, forgive me, ill-minded one, who have borne the rod."

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वाध्याययज्ञ और ज्ञानयज्ञ तो ऋषिलोग किया करते हैं

English

[Shankha said:] "I am not angry with you, knower of dharma, nor do you offend me; you transgressed dharma, and so your atonement has been made.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैखानसानां कौन्तेय वचन श्रूयते यथा

English

Go quickly to the Bahuda and duly offer libations to gods, ancestors and sages; and do not set your mind on unrighteousness."

हिन्दी अर्थ

होते हैं। कुन्तीनन्दन! वैखानस महात्माओंका वचन इस प्रकार सुननेमें आता है--

English

[Vyasa said:] Hearing Shankha's words, Likhita entered the holy river and began the water-offering.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूयान् दोषो हि वर्धेत यस्तं धनमुपाश्रयेत्

English

Then two hands like lotuses appeared to him; astonished, he showed those hands to his brother.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनेन तृषितोबुद्धया भ्रूणहत्यां न बुद्धयते

English

Then Shankha said to him, "This was done by me by austerity; do not doubt it; it is fate that ordains."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अ्निहपिरिज्ञानाद दानधर्मो5पि दुष्कर:

English

[Likhita said:] "Why did you not purify me before, radiant one, who have such power of austerity, best of the twice-born?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् यज्ञे सर्वमेवोपयोज्यम्

English

[Shankha said:] "It had to be so done by me; I am not a bearer of the rod for you; that king is purified, and you with your ancestors."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकाशित हो रहे हैं, अतः यज्ञमें ही सम्पूर्ण धनका उपयोग करना चाहिए

English

[Vyasa said:] "That king, best of the Pandavas, was the best by that deed and attained supreme perfection like Daksha son of Prachetas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विराजते द्युतिमान् कृत्तिवासा:

English

This is the dharma of kshatriyas, the protection of subjects; in this wrong course, great king, do not set your mind on grief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्मिन् भाण्डं काज्चनं सर्वमासीतू

English

Hear the beneficial word of this brother, best of knowers of dharma: the rod, O king of kings, is the kshatriya's dharma, not shaving the head."