Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

चक्राड्रानू स च नित्यं वै सर्वतो वनगोचरान्

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'O grandsire, amongst Brahmanas some are engaged in the duties proper to their order, while others are engaged in other duties. Tell me the difference between these two classes!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मध्यदेशपरिज्ञातो दस्युभावं गत: कथम्

English

As in clear water one sees a form with the eye, so one with clear senses sees the knowable by knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां वंशेडभिजातस्त्वमीदृश: कुलपांसन:

English

As in that same water when stirred one does not see the form, so when the senses are agitated one does not see the knowable by knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रत्युवाच ततो राजन् विनिश्चित्य तदार्तवत्

English

Lack of understanding is made by ignorance; the mind is spoiled by lack of understanding; of the spoiled mind, five mental faults arise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वित्तार्थमिह सम्प्राप्तं विद्धि मां द्विजसत्तम

English

One satisfied with ignorance, plunged in objects, is not seen; but the pure-souled, without seeing, turns back from objects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कमानेके लिये इधर आया हुआ समझें

English

The cutting of craving does not happen in a man through his impurity; craving turns back as sin comes to its end.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आवां हि सह यास्याव: श्वो वसस्वाद्य शर्वरीम्

English

By contact with objects and through lack of resort to the eternal, desiring another with the mind, he does not reach the supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुधितश्छन्द्यमानो5पि भोजन नाभ्यनन्दत

English

Knowledge arises in men by the destruction of sinful action; then he sees the self in the self, as in the surface of a mirror.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसने स्वीकार नहीं किया

English

With the senses let loose, one is in sorrow; with them restrained, in happiness; therefore one should restrain the self by the self from the forms of the senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हिंसापटर्घणाहीन: सदा प्राणिवधे रत:

English

"Bhishma said, 'Those Brahmanas, O king, that are possessed of learning and beneficent features, and that look upon all creatures with an equal eye, are said to be equal to Brahma. They that are conversant with the Riches, the Yajuses and the Samans, and who are devoted to the practices of their order, are, O king, equal to the very gods. Those, however, amongst them that are not well-born and not devoted to the duties of their order, and are, besides wedded to evil practices, are like Sudras. A virtuous king should realise tribute from and impress without pay into the public service those Brahmanas that are not possessed of Vedic lore and that have not their own fires to worship. They that are employed in courts of justice for summoning people, they that perform worship for others for a fee, they that perform the sacrifices of Vaisyas and Sudras, they that officiate in sacrifices on behalf of a whole village, and they that make voyages on the ocean,— these five are regarded as Chandalas among Brahmanas. I They amongst them that become Ritwikas, Purohitas, counsellors, envoys, and messengers, become, O king, equal to Kshatriyas. 2 They amongst them that ride horses or elephants or cars or become foot-soldiers, become, O king, equal to Vaisyas. If the king's treasury is not full, he may realise tribute from these. In realising tribute, the king, however, should exclude those Brahmanas that are (for their conduct) equal to the gods or Brahma. The Vedas say that the king is the lord of the wealth belonging to all the orders except Brahmanas. He can take the wealth of those Brahmanas also that have fallen away from their legitimate duties. The king should never be indifferent towards those Brahmanas that are not observant of their duties. For the sake of making his people virtuous, he should punish and separate them from their superiors. That king, O monarch, in whose territories a Brahmana becomes a thief, is

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा तु वसतस्तस्य दस्युग्रामे सुखं तदा

English

regarded by the learned to be the author of that misdeed. Persons conversant with the Vedas declare that if a Brahmana versed in the Vedas and observant of vows becomes, through want of sustenance, a thief, it is the duty of the king to provide for his support. If, after provision has been made for his support, he does not abstain from theft he should then, O scorcher of foes be banished from the kingdom with all his

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः कदाचिदपरो द्विजस्तं देशमागत:

English

He who gives up sounds and the rest, and all manifestations, releases the host of forms; leaving them, he enjoys immortality.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ दस्युग्राममगमद् यत्रासौ गौतमो5वसत्

English

As the sun at its rising sends out the circle of its rays, and at its setting draws them back into itself,

हिन्दी अर्थ

घूमता हुआ डाकुओंके उसी गाँवमें जा पहुँचा था, जहाँ गौतम निवास करता था

English

so the inner self, entering the body with the rays of the senses and gaining the five qualities of the senses, covers them and goes to its setting.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्रामे दस्युसमाकीर्णे व्यचरत् सर्वतोदिशम्

English

Led again and again along the path laid down by action, this self-possessed one gains the grown fruit of action and dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तलाश करता हुआ सब ओर घूमने लगा

English

Objects turn away from the embodied one who abstains from food; even the taste turns back, seeing the supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमश्नापि सम्प्राप्तस्तावन्योन्येन संगतौ

English

When intellect, free of the qualities of action, abides in the mind, then Brahman is attained and dissolved right there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लौटकर वहाँ आ पहुँचा। उन दोनोंकी एक-दूसरेसे भेंट हुई

English

Untouching, unhearing, untasting, unseeing, unsmelling, unreasoning, he enters the supreme sattva.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रुधिरेणावसिक्ताड़ गृहद्वारमुपागतम्

English

Forms are sunk in the mind; the mind has passed beyond to intellect; intellect has passed beyond to knowledge; knowledge has reached the supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

था। यहाँ डाकू कैसे बन गया?

English

The success of the mind is by the senses; the mind does not know intellect; intellect does not know the unmanifest; the subtle one sees these."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अष्टषष्ट्यधिकशततमो ध्याय:

English

meaning seems to be 'a person making a long or distant voyage.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

गिरिप्रस्थेषु रम्येषु तेषु तेषु सुगन्धिषु

English

[Manu said:] "When intellect, joined with the qualities of action, abides in the mind, then Brahman is known by meditation, yoga and concentration.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पक्षी कलरव कर रहे थे

English

This intellect with qualities turns upon the qualities themselves, like water flowing down from a mountain peak.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्वतोंपर रहनेवाले भूलिड़ पक्षी तथा अन्य विहंगम चहचहा रहे थे

English

When he reaches qualityless meditation, which comes before in the mind, then Brahman is known, as a touchstone on a touchstone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स तान्यतिमनोज्ञानि विहगानां रुतानि वै

English

The mind, carried off by intellect, shows the objects of the senses; the example of the qualityless is not before the eye, which sees qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोपश्यत् सुरम्येषु सुवर्णसिकताचिते

English

Having closed all these doors and abiding in the mind, making the mind one-pointed, he reaches that supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रिया जुष्टं महावृक्ष॑ न्यग्रोधं॑ च सुमण्डलम्

English

As the great elements turn back at the destruction of the qualities, so intellect, taking up the senses, abides in the mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य मूलं च संसिक्तं वरचन्दनवारिणा

English

When that intellect abides in the mind, moving within, endowed with the quality of resolve, then it becomes mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ दृष्टवा गौतम: प्रीतो मन:कान्‍्तमनुत्तमम्

English

When the mind, endowed with qualities, has the quality of meditation, then, giving up all qualities, he reaches the qualityless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्क्रम्य गौतमो5गच्छत् समुद्र प्रति भारत

English

In the knowledge of the unmanifest there is no equal example; where there is no footstep, who could reach that object?

हिन्दी अर्थ

चला गया, तब गौतम भी घर छोड़कर समुद्रकी ओर चल दिया

English

By austerity, inference, qualities, birth and learning, one should lead to that supreme Brahman with a purified inner self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह उन्हींके दलके साथ हो लिया और समुद्रकी ओर जाने लगा

English

The one without qualities follows that path outwardly; because of the absence of qualities, and by nature, it is beyond reasoning, measured by the knowable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मत्तेन द्विरदेनाथ निहतः प्रायशो5भवत्

English

From being without qualities one reaches Brahman; from having qualities one turns back; intellect spreads over qualities like fire in fuel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कांदिग्भूतो जीवितार्थी प्रदुद्रावोत्तरां दिशम्

English

As the five senses are freed from their own actions, so the supreme Brahman is freed, beyond nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकाकी व्यचरत् तत्र वने किंपुरुषो यथा

English

Thus all embodied beings arise from nature; they return, and at the return they do not go to anything.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस वनमें विचरने लगा; मानो कोई किंपुरुष घूम रहा हो

English

The Person, nature, intellect, the specific forms and the senses, ego and conceit arise, called the elements.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आससाद वन रम्यं दिव्यं पुष्पितपादपम्

English

The first activity of one proceeds from the primal; the second, the pairing, brings the manifest without distinction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नन्दनोद्देशसदृशं यक्षकिन्नरसेवितम्

English

From dharma the good is lifted up, and likewise the not-good from adharma; the attached goes to nature, the detached becomes a knower."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परम उत्तम मनोरम वटवृक्षको देखकर गौतमको बड़ी प्रसन्नता हुई

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'Of whose wealth, O bull of Bharata's race, is the king regarded to be the lord? And what conduct also should the king adopt? Discourse to me on this, O grandsire.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्तं च सविता यात: संध्येयं समुपस्थिता

English

[Manu said:] "And as the thread runs again through gold, through pearls, coral, clay and silver,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सोडब्रवीद् गौतमोस्मीति ब्रह्म नान्यदुदाहरत्

English

so, attached by his own deeds, the soul is in cows, in men, in elephants, deer and the rest, in insects and moths.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पारम्पर्य तथा हैवं काम्य॑ मैत्रमिति प्रभो

English

By whatever body he does whatever deed, by that same body he enjoys the fruit of that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सोहं तथा यतिष्यामि भविष्यसि यथार्थवान्

English

As the earth, of one taste, follows the nature of herbs, so intellect follows action and sees the inner self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करूँगा जिससे आपको अर्थकी प्राप्ति हो जायगी”

English

Desire arises preceded by knowledge, and intent follows desire; action is preceded by intent; action is the root, then the fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गच्छ सौम्य पथानेन कृतकृत्यो भविष्यसि

English

Know the fruit to be of the nature of action, action of the nature of the knowable, the knowable of the nature of knowledge, and knowledge of the nature of being and non-being.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामानभीसण्तितांस्तुभ्यं दाता नास्त्यत्र संशय:

English

At the end of knowledges, fruits, knowables and actions, the fruit is divine knowledge, established in the knowable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलान्यमृतकल्पानि भक्षयन् स यथेष्टत:

English

The great supreme being is seen by yogis who are joined; the unawake, who rest in themselves and take the qualities as intellect, do not see it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमासाद्य मुदा युक्तस्तस्याधस्तादुपाविशत्

English

"Bhishma said, 'The Vedas declare that the king is the lord of the wealth that belongs to all persons except Brahmanas, as also of those Brahmanas that are not observant of their proper duties. The king should not spare those Brahmanas that are not observant of their duties. The righteous say that this is the ancient custom of kings. That king, O monarch, in whose dominion a Brahmana becomes a thief, is regarded to be the author of that misdeed. It is the king that becomes sinful on that account. In consequence of such a circumstance , kings regard themselves to be worthy of reproach. All righteous kings, therefore, provide Brahmanas with the means of support. In this connection is cited the old narrative of the speech made by the king of the Kaikeyas unto a Rakshasa while the latter was about to abduct him away. Of rigid vows and possessed of Vedic lore, the king of the Kaikeyas, O monarch, while living in the woods, was forcibly seized on a certain occasion by a Rakshasa.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पास जाकर वह बड़े हर्षके साथ उसके नीचे छायामें बैठा

English

"The king said, 'There is no thief in my territories, nor any person of wicked behaviour, nor any one that drinks alcohol. There is no one in my dominions who has not his sacred fire or who does not perform sacrifices. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? There is no Brahmana in my dominions who is not possessed of learning or who is not observant of vows or who has not drunk Soma. There is no one who has not his sacred fire or who does not perform sacrifices. How then hast thou been able to possess my soul? In my dominions no sacrifice has been performed without completing it by Dakshina. No one in my dominions studies the Vedas who is not observant of vows. How then hast thou been able to possess my soul? The Brahmanas in my kingdom teach, study, sacrifice, officiate at other's sacrifices, give, and receive gifts. All of them are observant of those six acts. The Brahmanas in my kingdom are all devoted to the performance of the duties of their order. Worshipped and provided for, they are mild, and truthful in speech. How then hast thou been able to possess my soul? The Kshatriyas in my kingdom are all devoted to the duties or their order. They never beg

हिन्दी अर्थ

ह्वादयन् सर्वगात्राणि गौतमस्य तदा नूप

English

but give, and are conversant with truth and virtue. They never teach but study, and perform sacrifices but never officiate at the sacrifices of others. They protect the Brahmanas and never fly from battle. How then hast thou been able to possess my soul? The Vaisyas in my dominion are all observant of the duties of their order. With simplicity and without deceit they derive their sustenance from agriculture, cattle- keeping, and trade. They are all heedful, observant of religious rites and excellent vows, and truthful in speech. They give to guests what is their due, and self-restrained, and pure, and attached to their relative and kinsmen. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? The Sudras in my kingdom, observant

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्पूर्ण अड्ञोंको आह्वाद प्रदान कर रही थी

English

Because it is without beginning, middle or end, it is imperishable; it passes beyond all sorrows, for sorrow is said to have an end.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखमासाद्य सुष्वाप भास्करश्लास्तम भ्ययात्

English

That is called the supreme Brahman, that is held to be the supreme abode; going to it, freed from the domain of time, they rest in liberation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता हुआ वहीं लेट गया। उधर सूर्य भी डूब गया

English

These shine through the qualities; beyond them, because of being without qualities, the dharma marked by withdrawal leads to the endless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मलोकसे वहाँ एक श्रेष्ठ पक्षी आया। वह वृक्ष ही उसका घर या वासस्थान था

English

The Rik, Yajus and Saman verses rest on the body and move on the tips of tongues; accomplished by effort, they are perishable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवकन्यासुत: श्रीमान् विद्वान् देवसमप्रभ:

English

Brahman is not held to arise from the support of the body; it is not accomplished by effort; it has no beginning, middle or end.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुत्पिपासापरिश्रान्तो हिंसार्थी चाभ्यवैक्षत

English

The beginning of the Riks and of the Samans and of the Yajus is spoken of; the end of those with beginnings is seen; but Brahman is not held to have a beginning.

हिन्दी अर्थ

डालनेकी इच्छासे उसकी ओर देखा

English

Because it has no beginning and no end, it is endless and imperishable; because imperishable it is beyond the pairs; because of the absence of pairs, it is supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूजितो यास्यसि प्रातर्विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा

English

Because it is unseen, without means, and without connection to action, mortals do not see it by that by which they go to the supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुआ। वह कौतूहलपूर्ण दृष्टिसे राजधर्माकी ओर देखने लगा

English

By contact with objects, and by seeing the eternal, desiring another with the mind, he does not reach the supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कन्या हैं। आप गुणवान् अतिथि हैं, मैं आपका स्वागत करता हूँ

English

Those who see qualities here desire them; others do not seek the supreme, as seekers of qualities, because it is without qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शालपुष्पमयीं दिव्यां बूसीं वै समकल्पयत्

English

How can one joined with the lower qualities know these qualities? By inference, along with the qualities and their parts, one is to go.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमका सत्कार किया। शालके फ़ूलोंका आसन बनाकर उसे बैठनेके लिये दिया

English

We know it by the subtle mind; we cannot express it by speech; for the mind is to be grasped by the mind, and sight by sight.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये चरन्ति महामीनास्तांश्व॒ तस्यान्वकल्पयत्

English

Having cleansed the intellect by knowledge, and the mind by intellect, and the host of senses by mind, he reaches the endless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमके लिये भोजनकी व्यवस्था की

English

Without intellect, unprosperous in mind, and so hopeless, he reaches quality; those who are tempted give up the supreme, like wind in fire set in fuel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स गौतमायातिथये न्यवेदयत काश्यपि:

English

In taking up and in separating from the qualities, the mind, with higher and lower intellect, being engaged by this very rule, in taking up the qualities reaches Brahman's body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिथि गौतमको अर्पित कर दिये

English

The Person, with unmanifest self and unmanifest action, goes to unmanifestness at the end of time; by those same senses, growing or fading, he lives in the form of action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्लमापनयनार्थ स पक्षाभ्यामभ्यवीजयत्

English

The body, joined with all the senses and resting on the five elements, is obtained; it does not go by action here for lack of power; and deprived of that, it is deprived of the supreme imperishable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गन्धाढ्यं शयनं प्रादात् स शिश्ये तत्र वै सुखम्

English

A man does not see the end of the earth, and know that it will have an end; they lead the tempted to the supreme, as the wind a raft on the sea.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समुद्रगमनाकांक्षी द्रव्यार्थमिति भारत

English

As the sun, seeing quality, becomes qualityless when his circle of rays has gone, so this sage here, free of distinction, enters qualityless, imperishable Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतकार्यों द्विजश्रेष्ठ सद्रव्यो यास्यसे गृहान्

English

The goal of the virtuous from which there is no return, the self-born, the origin and store, eternal, the immortal imperishable seat: pondering it, he gains peace and immortality."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मिन् पथि महाराज सेवमानो द्रुतं ययौ

English

of the duties of their order, humbly and duly serve and wait upon the other three orders without entertaining any malice towards them. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? I support the helpless and the old, the weak, the ill, and women (without guardians), by supplying them with all their necessaries. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? I am never an exterminator of the special customs of families and of countries existing duly from days of old. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? The ascetics in my kingdom are protected and worshipped. They are always honoured and entertained with food. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? I never eat without feeding others from my dishes. I never go to other people's wives. I never sport or recreate alone. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? No one in my kingdom who is not a Brahmacharin begs his food, and no one who leads the Bhikshu mode of life desires to be a Brahmacharin. No one who is not a Ritwij pours libations (of clarified butter) upon the sacrificial fire. How then hast thou been able to possess my soul? I never disregard the learned or the old or those that are engaged in penances. When the whole population sleeps, I keep myself awake (for watching and protecting). How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? My priest possesses knowledge of self. He is given to penances, and is conversant with all duties. Possessed of great intelligence, he has the fullest power over my kingdom. By gifts I desire to acquire knowledge, and by truth and the protection of Brahmanas, I desire to attain regions of blessedness in heaven. By service I attach myself to my preceptors, I have no fear of Rakshasas. In my kingdom there are no widows, no wicked Brahmanas, no Brahmana that has fallen away from his duties, no deceitful person, no thief, no Brahmana that officiates in the sacrifices of people for whom he should never officiate, and no perpetrator of sinful deeds. I have no fear of Rakshasas. There is no space in my body, of even two fingers' breadth, that does not bear the scar of a weapon-wound. I always fight for the sake of righteousness. How hast thou been able to possess my heart? The people of my kingdom always invoke blessings upon me in order that I may always be able to protect kine and Brahmanas and perform sacrifices. How then hast thou been able to possess me?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

गोत्रमात्रविदो राजा निवासं समपृच्छत

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "I wish to hear in truth, best of the Bharatas, about Narayana, Hrishikesha, Govinda, the unconquered Keshava."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिलदर्भोदकेनाथ अर्चिता विधिवद् द्विजा:

English

[Bhishma said:] "This matter has been heard from Rama Jamadagnya as he spoke, from Narada the divine sage, and from Krishna Dvaipayana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथेष्टं तानि रत्नानि जग॒हुब्रह्मिणर्षभा:

English

Asita Devala, dear, and Valmiki of great austerity, and Markandeya tell the great wonder in Govinda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्याविदूरे रक्षार्थ खगेन्द्रेण कृतो5भवत्

English

Keshava, best of the Bharatas, the blessed lord, master, is heard of as the Person, as all, in many ways, the pervader.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतघ्नस्तु स दुष्टात्मा तं जिघांसुरथाग्रत:

English

But hear, Yudhishthira, mighty-armed, the glories of the bearer of the Sharnga bow which the brahmanas know in the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुवर्णका बोझ सिरपर उठाकर वह ब्राह्मण बड़ी तेजीके साथ वहाँसे चल दिया

English

And what the knowers of the Puranas say, lord of men, I shall tell in full about Govinda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नप्रेक्षे राजधर्माणमद्य पुत्र खगोत्तमम्

English

The great-souled best of Persons, the self of beings, arranged the great elements: wind, fire, water, space and earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आज पक्षियोंमें श्रेष्ठ राजधर्माको नहीं देख रहा हूँ

English

Having seen the earth, that lord of all beings, the great-souled best of Persons, made his sleep on the waters.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शैलप्राकारवप्रं च शैलयन्त्राकुलं तथा

English

"The Rakshasa said, 'Since thou art observant of the duties under all circumstances, therefore, O king of the Kaikeyas, go back to thy abode. Blessed be thou, I leave thee. They, O king of the Kaikeyas, who protect kine and

हिन्दी अर्थ

रक्षाके लिये सब ओर शिलाकी बड़ी-बड़ी चट्टानें और मशीनें थीं

English

Brahmanas and all their subjects, have nothing to fear from Rakshasas, and much less from sinful persons. Those kings that give the lead to Brahmanas and whose might depends upon that of the Brahmanas, and whose subjects discharge the duties of hospitality, always succeeds in acquiring

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमो नगरद्वारात् शीघ्रमानीयतामिति

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Thou shouldst, therefore, protect the Brahmanas. Protected by thee, they will protect thee in return. Their blessings, O king, would surely descend upon kings of righteous behaviour. For the sake of righteousness, those Brahmanas that are not observant of the duties of their order should be chastised and separated (into a distinct class) from their superiors. A king who conducts himself in this way towards the people of his city and the provinces, obtains prosperity here and residence in heaven with Indra.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमेत्यभिभाषन्त: पुरद्वारमुपागमन्

English

There the blessed god, lighting the quarters in the lotus, became Brahma, dear, the grandfather of all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वरस्व तूर्णमागच्छ राजा त्वां द्रष्टमिच्छति

English

When that great soul appeared, the great asura named Madhu was born, older than darkness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यवां त्वरति वै द्रष्ट तत् क्षिप्रं संविधीयताम्

English

Fierce, of fierce deeds, devoted to fierce thoughts, him the best of Persons slew, doing honour to Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतम: परमर्धि तां पश्चन् परमविस्मित:

English

From his slaying, dear, all gods, Danavas and men call him Madhusudana, the bull of all the Satvatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राक्षसराजकी उस महा-समृद्धिको देखकर उसे बड़ा आश्चर्य होता था

English

Brahma created mental sons, with Daksha as seventh: Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha and Kratu.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दर्शन राक्षसेन्द्रस्य कांक्षमाणो द्विजस्तदा

English

Marichi created Kashyapa, dear, his eldest son; he brought forth the mental, radiant best of Brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तत्र व्याजहारान्यद् गोत्रमात्रादृते द्विज:

English

Brahma created from his thumb one who was born even before Marichi; he, best of the Bharatas, became the lord of creatures called Daksha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाननेवाले उस ब्राह्मणसे राजाने उसका निवासस्थान पूछा

English

Ten and three daughters were born to him earlier, Bharata, daughters of that lord of creatures; the eldest of them was Diti.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्त्वं ब्रूहि न भी: कार्या विश्वसस्व यथासुखम्

English

Marichi's son Kashyapa, knower of all special dharmas, of holy fame and great renown, became the husband of them all.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रा पुनर्भूर्भार्या मे सत्यमेतद् ब्रवीमि ते

English

Having begotten them, the great Daksha, lord of creatures and knower of dharma, gave ten of the younger ones to Dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं वा सुकृतं मे स्यथादिति बुद्धयान्वचिन्तयत्

English

Dharma's sons were the Vasus and the Rudras of immeasurable splendour, the Vishvedevas, Sadhyas and Marutvants, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्प्रेषितश्न॒ तेनायं काश्यपेन ममान्तिकम्

English

Of the younger ones, twenty-seven others; Soma, greatly fortunate, became the husband of all of them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भ्राता मे बान्धवश्चासौ सखा च हृदयज्भम:

English

The others bore gandharvas, horses, birds, cows, kimpurushas, fish and sprout-born plants.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सस्‍्नातानामनुसम्प्राप्तं सुमहत् क्षौीमवाससाम्

English

Aditi bore the Adityas, the best of gods, of great strength; among them Vishnu was Vamana, and the lord Govinda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा प्रतिजग्राह विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा

English

By his stride the fortune of the gods grew, and the Danavas were overcome, with the Daitya and asura subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथायोग्य स्वागत-सत्कार किया

English

Danu created the Danavas with Viprachitti foremost; Diti bore all the asuras of great strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूमौ वरकुशा: स्तीर्णा: प्रेष्यर्भरतसत्तम

English

Madhusudana arranged day and night, time, the seasons, forenoon and afternoon, all of it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विरूपाक्षने तिल, कुश और जल लेकर उनका विधिवत् पूजन किया

English

By thought he made the waters, clouds, and the moving and unmoving; he made the whole earth, with great splendour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वरान्नपूर्णा विप्रेभ्य: प्रादान्मधुघृतप्लुता:

English

Then, Yudhishthira, mighty-armed Krishna again created from his mouth a hundred best brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पकवान परोसकर उन ब्राह्मणोंके आगे रख दिये

English

From his arms a hundred kshatriyas, from his thighs a hundred vaishyas, and from his feet a hundred shudras, Keshava, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईप्सितं भोजनवरं लभन्ते सत्कृतं सदा

English

Having thus created the four classes, the lord of great fame made a supervisor over all beings, the Creator.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छाके अनुसार उत्तम भोजन पाते थे

English

As long as men had faith to sustain the body, so long they lived; there was no fear made by Yama.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरद् व्यपाये रत्नानि पौर्णमास्यामिति श्रुति:

English

Nor was there the dharma of union for them, best of the Bharatas; offspring arose for them by intention alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणोंको रत्नोंका दान करता था; ऐसा सुननेमें आया है

English

In the Treta age offspring were born by intention; there was no dharma of union for them even then, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुवर्ण रजतं चैव मणीनथ च मौक्तिकान्

English

In the Dvapara the dharma of union arose among the people, king, and in the Kali age, king, people fell into pairs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रत्नराशीन् विनिक्षिप्य दक्षिणार्थे स भारत

English

This is the lord of beings and his own overseer, dear, as told; but those without an overseer, Kaunteya, I shall tell also.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृह्नीत रत्नान्येतानि यथोत्साहं यथेष्टत:

English

Those born in the southern region are all Talavaras, Andhrikas, Utsas, Pulindas, Shabaras, Chuchupas and Mandapas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नानादेशगतान् राजन् राक्षसान् प्रतिषिध्य वै

English

I shall tell also of those born in the northern region: Yaunas, Kambojas, Gandharas, Kiratas with Barbaras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राक्षसे भ्य: प्रमोदध्वमिष्टतो यात माचिरम्

English

These, dear, doers of sin, roam this earth, lord of men, like dogs, crows and vultures in their ways.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न्यषीदच्च परिश्रान्तः क्लान्तश्न क्षुधितश्न॒ सः

English

These did not roam this earth in the Krita age, dear; from the Treta on, those people exist, best of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूजां चाप्यकरोद् धीमान् भोजनं चाप्यकल्पयत्

English

Then, in that very terrible twilight at the end of the age, kings clashed, approaching one another.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चास्ति पथि भोक्तव्यं प्राणसंधारणं मम

English

Thus, best of the Kurus, this appearance of the great soul was told by Narada, the divine sage who sees all the worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः स पथि भोक्तवयं प्रेक्षमाणो न किंचन

English

Narada, too, king, considered Krishna's eternity supreme, mighty-armed, best of the Bharatas, as it is.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अयं बकपति: पाश्चे मांसराशि: स्थितो महान्

English

So this mighty-armed Keshava, of true valour, lotus-eyed, inconceivable, is not merely a man."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मां वा दृष्टवा कदाचित् स न गच्छति गृहं खग:

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'It has been said that in seasons of distress a Brahmana may support himself by the practice of Kshatriya duties. Can he, however, at any time, support himself by the practice of the duties laid down for the Vaisyas?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

और हड्डियोंसे रहित राजधर्माकी लाश भी मिल गयी

English

[Bhishma said:] "Hear, best of the Bharatas, what you ask me: the lords of creatures who are each remembered in the directions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमस्त्विति तानाह राक्षसेन्द्रो निशाचरान्

English

There is one Self-born, the blessed primal eternal Brahma; Brahma had seven great-souled self-born sons.

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विसप्तत्यधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu and the greatly fortunate Vasishtha, equal to the Self-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रत्नैर्गन्धैश्व बहुभिवस्त्रैश्ष समलंकृताम्

English

These are the seven Brahmas, as settled in the Purana; beyond this I shall tell of all the Prajapatis.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रेतकार्याणि विधिवद् राक्षसेन्द्रश्नकार ह

English

Born in the line of Atri, of Brahma's womb, eternal, was the blessed Prachinabarhis; from him came the ten Prachetases.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपरिष्टात् ततस्तस्य सा बभूव पयस्विनी

English

The one son of the ten was the Prajapati named Daksha; he has two names in the world, Daksha and Ka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सो5पतदू वै ततस्तस्यां चितायां राजधर्मण:

English

Kashyapa, son of Marichi, has two names heard of: one is Arishtanemi and the other they know as Kashyapa.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्पत्य च समीयाय विरूपाक्षं बकाधिप:

English

And Anga, his own son, the glorious king, and Bhauma, the mighty, who attended a thousand divine ages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्न शुद्धवते भावो मम स ज्ञायतां सुह्ृत्

English

"Bhishma said, 'When a Brahmana loses his means of support and falls into distress, he may certainly betake himself to the practices of a Vaisya and derive his support by agriculture and keeping cattle, if, of course, he is incompetent for Kshatriya duties.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

संदेह पैदा हो गया है। तुम मेरे मित्रका पता लगाओ

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'If a Brahmana, O bull of Bharata's race, betakes himself to the duties of a Vaisya, what articles may he sell without losing his prospect of heaven?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्व्र॒तस्तत्र मे शंका हन्यात् तं॑ स द्विजाधम:

English

"Bhishma said, 'Wines, salt, sesamum seeds, animals having manes, bulls, honey, meat, and cooked food, O Yudhishthira, under all circumstances, a Brahmana should avoid. A Brahmana, by selling these, would sink into hell. A Brahmana, by selling a goat, incurs the sin of selling the god of fire; by selling a sheep, the sin of selling the god of water; by selling a horse, the sin of selling the god of the sun; by selling cooked food, the sin of selling land; and by selling a cow, the sin of selling sacrifice and the Soma juice. These, therefore, should not be sold (by a Brahmana). They that are good do not applaud the purchase of uncooked food by giving cooked food in exchange. Uncooked food, however, may be given for procuring cooked food, O Bharata! I 'We will eat this cooked food of thine. Thou mayst cook these raw things (that we give in exchange). '--In a compact of this kind there is no sin. Listen, O Yudhishthira, I shall speak to thee of the eternal practice, existing from days of old, of persons conducting themselves

हिन्दी अर्थ

पड़ता था। उसीपर मेरा संदेह है। कहीं वह मेरे मित्रको मार न डाले

English

approved usages. 'I give thee this. Give me this other thing in return.' Exchange by such agreement is righteous. To take things by force, however, is sinful. Even such is the course of the usage followed by the Rishis and others. Without doubt, this is righteous.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्कृपो दारुणाकारो दुष्टो दस्युरिवाधम:

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'When, O sire, all the orders, giving up their respective duties, take up arms against the king, then, of course, the power of the king decreases. —By what means should the king then become the protector and refuge of the people? Resolve this doubt of mine, O king, by speaking to me in detail.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्र शीघ्रमितो गत्वा राजधर्मनिवेशनम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'By gifts, by penances, by sacrifices, by peacefulness, and by self-restraint, all the orders headed by the Brahmanas should, on such occasions, seek their own good. Those amongst them that are endued with Vedic strength, should rise up on every side and like the gods strengthening Indra

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुद्धात्मा पक्षिराज जीवित हैं या नहीं। इस कार्यमें विलम्बन करो”

English

Pusha, Tvashta, Indra, and Vishnu, said to be the twelfth: these are the twelve Adityas, born of Kashyapa himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स एवमुक्तस्त्वरितो रक्षोभि: सहितो ययौ

English

Nasatya and Dasra are remembered as the two Ashvins, sons of Martanda, the eighth of the Prajapati's sons.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स रुदन्नगमत् पुत्रो राक्षसेन्द्रस्य धीमत:

English

And Tvashta's son was the glorious Vishvarupa of great fame; Ajaikapad, Ahirbudhnya, Virupaksha, Raivata,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोविदूरे जगृहुर्गौतम॑ राक्षसास्तदा

English

Hara, Bahurupa, Tryambaka, lord of the gods, Savitra, Jayanta, and the unconquered Pinakin: the eight Vasus, greatly fortunate, were named earlier.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमादायाथ रक्षांसि द्रुतं मेरुत्रजं ययु:

English

Such gods as these are of Manu the Prajapati; they and the earlier gods are remembered as the two kinds of ancestors.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतघ्नं परुषं तं च गौतमं पापकारिणम्

English

Others delight in character and form, and others among the Siddhas and Sadhyas; the Ribhus and Maruts are the urged hosts of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आर्तनादश्न सुमहानभूत् तस्य निवेशने

English

So these are recorded: the Vishvedevas and the Ashvins; the Adityas are their kshatriyas, and the Maruts their vaishyas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथाब्रवीन्नूषप: पुत्रं पापो5यं वध्यतामिति

English

The Ashvins are held to be shudras, absorbed in fierce austerity; the Angiras gods are remembered as brahmanas, so it is settled. Thus the fourfold order of all the gods is told.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसके मांसका यथेष्ट उपयोग करें

English

He who rises at dawn and recites these gods is freed from all sin, whether born of himself or done by another.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापाचार: पापकर्मा पापात्मा पापसाधन:

English

Yavakrita, Raibhya, Arvavasu, Paravasu, Aushija, Kakshivan and Nala were sons of Angiras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतः तुम्हें इसका वध कर देना चाहिए, यही मेरा मत है”

English

Kanva, son of the sage Medhatithi, and Barhishada, dear, who are makers of the three worlds, are the seven sages of the east.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्ता राक्षसेन्द्रेण राक्षसा घोरविक्रमा:

English

Unmucha, Vimucha, Svastyatreya the mighty, Pramucha, Idhmavaha and the blessed Dridhavrata,

हिन्दी अर्थ

खानेकी इच्छा नहीं की; क्योंकि वह घोर पापाचारी था

English

and Agastya, the mighty son of Mitra and Varuna: these Brahmarshis ever rest in the southern quarter."

हिन्दी अर्थ

दस्यूनां दीयतामेष साध्वद्य पुरुषाधम:

English

Rushadgu, Kavasa, Dhaumya, the mighty Parivyadha, Ekata, Dvita and Trita, great sages,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आज ही डाकुओंके हवाले कर दो”

English

and the blessed son of Atri and the lord Sarasvata: these nine great souls rest in the western quarter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्ता राक्षसास्तेन शूलपट्टिशपाणय:

English

Atreya, Vasishtha and the great sage Kashyapa, Gautama with Bharadvaja, Vishvamitra and Kaushika,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमके टुकड़े-टुकड़े करके उसे दस्युओंको सौंप दिया

English

and likewise the blessed son of the great-souled Richika, Jamadagni: these seven rest in the northern quarter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रव्यादा अपि राजेन्द्र कृतघ्नं नोपभुज्जते

English

These, of keen splendour, are all named for each direction, great souls, witnesses, makers of the worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्कृतिर्विहिता राजन् कृतघ्ने नास्ति निष्कृति:

English

Thus these great souls stand each in a direction; by reciting them one is freed from all sins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रव्याहै: कृमिभिश्चिव न भुज्यन्ते हि तादृशा:

English

He who takes refuge in whichever direction these dwell is freed from all sins and may go home in safety."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राह चेद॑ विरूपाक्षं दिष्टया संजीवितस्त्वया

English

contribute (by Vedic rites) to enhancing the strength of the king. Brahmanas are said to be the refuge of the king while his power suffers decay. A wise king seeks the enhancement of his power by means of the power of the Brahmanas. When the king, crowned with victory, seeks the re-establishment of peace, all the orders then betake themselves to their respective duties. When robbers, breaking through all restraints, spread devastation around, all the orders may take up arms. By so doing they incur no sin, O

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुक्षौ पुनर्भ्वा: पापो5यं जनयित्वा चिरात् सुतान्

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "And his great radiance and his ancient deed, tell me all of it as it truly is, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्ममोक्षनिमित्तं वै यतेत मतिमान् नर:

English

How did Hari take on a form born of an animal womb? For what purpose of creation? Tell me that, grandsire."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषण्णमनसं दृष्टवा विप्रो वचनमब्रवीत्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Long ago I went hunting and stayed at Markandeya's hermitage; there I saw thousands of sages sitting together.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदा त्वामपि शोचन्त: शोच्या यास्यन्ति तां गतिम्

English

Then they honoured me with madhuparka, and having accepted that honour I greeted the sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि ज्ञानं कि श्रुतं चैव यत् प्राप्प न विषीदसि

English

This tale was told there by the great sage Kashyapa, a divine one that gladdens the mind; hear it here, one-pointed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्तमाधममध्यानि तेषु तेष्विह कर्मसु

English

Long ago, the foremost Danavas, joined with anger and greed, drunk with strength, hundreds of them, Naraka and other great asuras,

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतां बुद्धिमहं प्राप्य न प्रहष्पे न च व्यथे

English

and many other Danavas, intoxicated with battle, could not bear that unsurpassed prosperity of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समेत्य च व्यपेयातां तद्धद्भूत्समागम:

English

Oppressed by the Danavas, the gods and divine sages found no peace, king, entering here and there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा शाप: पुरा दत्तो ब्रह्मणा राजधर्मण:

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'If all the Kshatriyas become hostile towards the Brahmanas, who then will protect the Brahmanas and their Vedas? What then should be the duty of the Brahmanas and who will be their

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो रोषादिदं प्राह खगेन्द्राय पितामह:

English

"Bhishma said, 'By penances, by Brahmacharya, by weapons, and by (physical) might, applied with or without the aid of deceit, the Kshatriyas should be subjugated. If the Kshatriya misconducts himself, especially towards Brahmanas, the Vedas themselves will subjugate them. The Kshatriyas have sprung from the Brahmanas. Fire has sprung from water; the Kshatriya from the Brahmana; and iron from stone. The energy of fire, the Kshatriya, and iron, are irresistible. But when these come into contact with the sources of their origin, their force becomes neutralised. When iron strikes stone, or fire battles with water, or the Kshatriya becomes hostile to the Brahmana, then the strength of each of those three becomes destroyed. Thus, O Yudhishthira, the energy and might, howsoever great and irresistible, of Kshatriyas become quelled as soon as they are directed against the Brahmanas. When the energy of the Brahmanas becomes mild, when Kshatriya energy becomes weak, when all men misbehave themselves towards the Brahmanas, they that engage in battle then, casting off all fear of death, for protecting the Brahmanas, morality, and their own selves,— those persons, moved by righteous indignation and possessed of great strength of mind, succeed in winning high regions of bliss hereafter. All persons should take up arms for the sake of Brahmanas. Those brave persons that fight for Brahmanas attain to those felicitous region in heaven that are reserved for persons that have always studied the Vedas with attention, that have performed the austerest of penances, and that have, after fasting, cast off their bodies

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेनैवामृतसिक्तश्न पुनः संजीवितो बक:

English

into blazing fires. The Brahmana, by taking up arms for the three orders, does not incur sin. People say that there is no higher duty than casting off life under such circumstances. I bow to them and blessed be they that thus lay down their lives in seeking to chastise the enemies of Brahmanas. Let us attain to that region which is intended for them. Manu himself has said that those heroes repair to the region of Brahman. As persons become cleansed of all their sins by undergoing the final bath on a horse- sacrifice even so they that die at the edge of weapons while fighting wicked people, become cleansed of their sins. Righteousness becomes unrighteousness, and unrighteousness becomes righteousness, according to place and time. Such is the power of place and time (in determining the character of human acts). The friends of humanity, by doing even acts of cruelty, have attained to high heaven. Righteous Kshatriyas, by doing even sinful acts, have attained to blessed ends, l The Brahmana, by taking up arms on these three occasions, does not incur sin, viz., for protecting himself, for compelling the other orders to betake themselves to their duties, and for chastising robbers.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदि तेनुग्रहकृता मयि बुद्धि: सुरेश्वर

English

The bewildered will not understand Vishnu, whose appearance is unmanifest, the god in boar form, unassailable even by the immortals.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य वाक्‍्यं समादाय वासव: पुरुषर्षभ

English

He will go with speed to where those lowest Danavas live in thousands, dreadful, gone beneath the earth, and will pacify them." Hearing this, the best of the gods rejoiced.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सभाण्डोपस्करं राजंस्तमासाद्य बकाधिप:

English

Then Vishnu of great splendour, taking the boar form, entered beneath the earth and went toward the sons of Aditi's rivals.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथ तं पापकर्माणं राजधर्मा बकाधिप:

English

Seeing a superhuman being, all the Daityas together rushed, bewildered by Time, and stood up suddenly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथोचितं च स बको ययीौ ब्रह्मसदस्तथा

English

All rushing together seized the boar, and enraged, dragged the boar on every side.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रायां जनयामास पुत्रान् दुष्कृतकारिण:

English

The great lords of the Danavas, huge-bodied, of great valour, swollen with strength, could do nothing to him then, lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्रीके पेटसे ही अनेक पापाचारी पुत्रोंको उत्पन्न किया

English

Then those Danava lords fell into astonishment from fear, and thought themselves, by thousands, in doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मयापि भवते सर्व यथावदनुवर्णितम्

English

Then the god of gods, self of yoga, charioteer of yoga, the blessed one, resorting to yoga, best of the Bharatas,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अश्रद्धेय: कृतघ्नो हि कृतघ्ने नास्ति निष्कृति:

English

let out a great roar, agitating the Daityas and Danavas; by it all the worlds and all ten directions resounded.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मित्राच्च लभते सर्व मित्रात् पूजां लभेत च

English

By that roaring sound the worlds were shaken, and all the directions were confused, and the gods led by Shakra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषका परिचय दिया है। अब और क्या सुनना चाहते हो?

English

The world too became utterly motionless then, the unmoving and moving alike bewildered by that roar.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युधिष्ठिर: प्रीतमना बभूव जनमेजय

English

Then all those Danavas, terrified by that sound, fell lifeless, bewildered by Vishnu's splendour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिसप्तत्यधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

And the Boar tore with his hooves the enemies of the gods who had gone to the nether world, heaps of flesh, fat and bone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्ममाश्रमिणां श्रेष्ठ वक्तुमहसि पार्थिव

English

By that great roar he is remembered as Sanatana, the lotus-naveled, the great yogi, teacher of beings, lord of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपदेश दिया। पृथ्वीनाथ! अब आप आश्रमियोंके उत्तम धर्मका वर्णन कीजिये

English

Then all hosts of gods said to the Grandfather: "What kind of sound is this, god? We do not know it, lord; who is that, or whose sound is it, by which the world is troubled?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रिया नहीं है, जिसका कोई फल न हो

English

Meanwhile Vishnu, in boar form, rose up, great god, praised by great sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा तथा विरागोजत्र जायते नात्र संशय:

English

[The Grandfather said:] "Having slain the lords of the Danavas, this great-bodied, mighty god, the great yogi, self of beings, maker of beings,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यया बुद्धया नुदेच्छोकं तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

lord of all beings, yogi, the source and self of the self: let this Krishna, destroyer of all sins, be steady.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जानेपर किस बुद्धिसे मनुष्य अपने शोकका निवारण करे? यह मुझे बताइये

English

Having done this very good deed, impossible, the immeasurable lord has come to his own self, greatly fortunate, greatly radiant, lotus-naveled, great yogi, self of beings, maker of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहो दुःखमिति ध्यायन् शोकस्यापचितिं चरेत्

English

Neither distress nor fear nor grief should be felt, best of gods; this is ordinance and his power, Time the cause of destruction. This sound was uttered by that great soul as he bears the worlds."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा सेनजित वि्र: कक्रिदेत्याब्रवीत् सुहत्ू

English

He indeed, greatly fortunate, saluted by all worlds, Achyuta, lotus-eyed, is the source of all beings."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां स्नेहो न कर्तव्यो विप्रयोगो ध्रुवो हि तैः

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'If when robbers raise their heads and an inter-mixture of the orders begins to take place in consequence of confusion, and Kshatriyas become incompetent, some powerful person other than a Kshatriya seeks to subdue those robbers for the sake of protecting the people, 2 indeed, O best of kings, if that powerful person happens to be a Brahmana or a Vaisya or a Sudra, and if he succeeds in protecting the people by righteously wielding the rod of chastisement is he justified in doing what he does or is he restrained by the ordinances from accomplishing that duty? It seems that others, when the Kshatriyas prove so wretched, should take up weapons.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

न च प्रज्ञालमर्थानां न सुखानामलं धनम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here too they cite this ancient tale, a dialogue joined with liberation, of a disciple with his teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्त प्राप्तमुपासीत हृदयेनापराजित:

English

A certain disciple, very wise, seeking the good, well collected, approaching a brahmana teacher, best of sages, who sat, clasped his feet and, standing with folded hands, said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तृष्णाक्षयसुखस्यैते नाहत: षोडशीं कलाम्

English

"If, blessed one, you are pleased with my service, I have a great doubt; you should explain it to me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहती है, इसमें संदेह नहीं है

English

Whence am I, and whence are you? Tell me rightly what is supreme. And how is it, best of the twice-born, that among all beings, equal, those who conduct themselves rightly turn back, with the opposites of decay and rise?

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रोधो नाम शरीरस्थो देहिनां प्रोच्यते बुधै:

English

And the word that is in the Vedas, worldly and pervasive: this, learned one, you should explain in truth, all of it."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदा5त्मज्योतिरात्मायमात्मन्येव प्रपश्यति

English

[The teacher said:] "Hear, disciple of great wisdom, this supreme secret of Brahman, the self of all beings, and the wealth of the scriptures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रियाप्रिये परित्यज्य प्रशान्तात्मा भविष्यति

English

Vasudeva is all this, the mouth of Brahman of the universe; he is truth, giving, sacrifice, forbearance, self-control and honesty.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परित्याग कर देता है, तब उसका चित्त शान्त हो जाता है

English

That eternal Person, Vishnu, whom the knowers of the Veda know, the creator and dissolver, unmanifest, eternal Brahman: hear from me this Brahman, this tale of the Vrishni."

हिन्दी अर्थ

न त्वासौ वेद न त्वं तं कः सन् किमनुशोचसि

English

"Bhishma said, 'Be he a Sudra or be he the member of any other orders , he that becomes a raft on a raftless current, or a means of crossing where means there are none, certainly deserves respect in every way. That person, O king, relying upon whom helpless men, oppressed and made miserable by robbers, live happily, deserve to be lovingly worshipped by all as if he were a near kinsman. The person, O thou of Kuru's race, that dispels the fears of others, always deserves respect. What use is there of bulls that would not bear burthens, or of kine that would not yield milk, or of a wife that is barren? Similarly, what need is there for a king that is not competent to grant protection? As an elephant made of wood, or a deer made of leather, as a person without wealth, or one that is a eunuch, or a field that is sterile, even so is a Brahmana that is void of Vedic lore and a king incapable of granting protection? Both of them are like a cloud that does not pour rain. That person who always protects the good and restrains the wicked deserves to become a king and to govern the world.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

किसलिये शोक करते हो?

English

as the snake-sacrifice and the Rakshasa sacrifice, were none-the-less entitled to heaven. So Kshatriya kings, by invading the kingdoms of their foes and slaying thousands of Mali and animals, are nevertheless regarded to be righteous and ultimately go to heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखात् संजायते दु:खं दुःखमेवं पुनःपुन:

English

Abhibhavet means 'subdues.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

बारंबार दुःख ही होता रहता है

English

Ancestors, gods and sages, likewise yakshas and Danavas, nagas, asuras and men, the supreme imperishable creates.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखदु:खे मनुष्याणां चक्रवत् परिवर्तत:

English

So also the Vedas, the shastras and the eternal dharmas of the world: at dissolution, reaching nature, the lord creates them at the beginning of the age.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाँति घूमते रहते हैं

English

As in the seasons the marks of the seasons are seen in manifold forms in turn, those same ones, so too Brahma in days and nights.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न नित्यं लभते दुःखं न नित्यं लभते सुखम्

English

Then whatever is to be, at whatever time, from the union of time, at the beginning of ages, that knowledge arises, born of the ordering of the course of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभे सह विवर्तेते उभे सह विनश्यत:

English

At the end of the age the Vedas with the histories disappeared; the great sages obtained them again through austerity, permitted by the Self-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिलपीडैरिवाक्रम्य क्लेशैरज्ञानसम्भवै:

English

The blessed Brihaspati knew the Veda and the limbs of the Veda; Bhargava taught the science of policy for the good of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सप्रज्ञ: प्रज्ञया हीनो हैवेन लभते सुखम्

English

Narada taught the Gandharva Veda; Bharadvaja the grasp of the bow; Garga the conduct of the divine sages; Krishnatreya medicine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गतिका वृत्तान्त कोई ज्ञानी पुरुष ही जान पाता है, दूसरा नहीं

English

Many systems of reasoning were spoken by those and those disputants; what is said by reasons, scripture and good conduct is followed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुर्बलं बलवन्तं च भागिनं भजते सुखम्

English

The supreme Brahman, which is without beginning, neither gods nor sages know; the blessed Narayana, the lord, the Creator, alone knows it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसीकी वह गाय है--ऐसा विद्दानोंका निश्चय है

English

From Narayana the hosts of sages, the chiefs, the gods and asuras, the royal sages and the ancients come, the supreme remedy for sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते नरा: सुखमेधन्ते क्लिश्यत्यन्तरितो जन:

English

Nature brings forth the thing supervised by the Person, and then, joined with its cause, the whole world revolves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्त्यप्राप्तिं सुखामाहुर्दु:खमन्तरमन्त्ययो:

English

As other lamps are lit by thousands from one lamp, so nature creates, and by its endlessness is not diminished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तान् नैवार्था न चानर्था व्यथयन्ति कदाचन

English

Intellect, born of unmanifest action, brings forth ego; from ego, space; from space, wind arose.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेडतिवेलं प्रहृष्यन्ति संतापमुपयान्ति च

English

From wind, fire; then water; from water the earth emerged; these are the eight root natures, and the world rests in them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संतापका अनुभव करने लगते हैं

English

Then the five senses of knowledge and the five senses of action, the five objects, and in modification the mind as sixteenth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतिस्त्वेवं श्रिया सार्थ दक्षे वसति नालसे

English

Ear, skin, the two eyes, tongue and nose are the five senses; the feet, the anus, the generative organ, the hands and speech are for the senses of action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लक्ष्मीसहित ऐश्वर्य निवास करता है, आलसीमें नहीं

English

Sound, touch, form, taste and smell are the objects; thought is pervasive, and the mind goes through them all.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो जाय, उसका हृदयसे स्वागत करे, कभी हिम्मत न हारे

English

The tongue is for knowing taste, and speech for utterance; all things are scattered, joined with various senses, and so is the mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिवसे दिवसे मूढमाविशन्ति न पण्डितम्

English

Know these sixteen as deities in their divisions; in bodies they worship the one who knows and acts, who is seated.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दान्तं जितेन्द्रियं चापि शोको न स्पृशते नरम्

English

So the tongue has the quality of Soma, smell is the quality of earth, hearing has the quality of sound and the eye the quality of fire; touch know as the quality of wind in all beings always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस मनुष्यको शोक कभी छू भी नहीं सकता

English

They say mind has the quality of sattva, and sattva is born of the unmanifest; dwelling as the self of all beings, so the wise should know it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदयास्तमयज्ञं हि न शोक: स्प्रष्टमहति

English

These states carry the whole world, moving and unmoving; the god free of rajas, whom they call the supreme state, is resorted to.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसे शोक छू नहीं सकता

English

The holy city of nine gates, joined with these states, is pervaded and lain in by the great self; therefore he is called Purusha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आयासो वा यतो मूलमेकाज़्मपि तत् त्यजेत्

English

He is unageing and immortal, instructive of the manifest and unmanifest, pervasive, with qualities, subtle, the support of the qualities of all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदेव परितापार्थ सर्व सम्पद्यते तथा

English

As a lamp, whose nature is light, is small or great, so know the Person, whose nature is knowledge, in all creatures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कारण बन जाते हैं

English

He here knows the knowable, he hears, he sees; this body is his instrument; he is the doer of all actions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामानुसारी पुरुष: कामाननुविनश्यति

English

As fire in wood is not seen when the wood is split, so the self in the body is seen here only by yoga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तृष्णाक्षयसे होनेवाले सुखकी सोलहवीं कलाके बराबर भी नहीं हैं

English

As waters join in rivers, as rays go with the sun, spreading, so go the bodies of the embodied.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राज्ञ मूठं तथा शूरं भजते यादृशं कृतम्

English

As in dream-yoga the self, joined with the five senses, leaves the body and goes, so it is found here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्म किया है, उसका वैसा ही फल उसे भोगना पड़ता है

English

He is pervaded by action first, and arises by action, and is led elsewhere by action, by the stronger of his own making.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवेषु परिवर्तने दुःखानि च सुखानि च

English

As he, leaving one body, takes up another, so I shall tell you of this host of beings born of its own actions."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापपूर्ण बर्ताव नहीं करता, तब परब्रह्म परमात्माको प्राप्त कर लेता है

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'What, O grandsire, should be the acts and what the behaviour of persons employed as priests in our sacrifices? What sort of persons should they be, O king? Tell me all this, O foremost of

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्यवस्थापितो राजा सेनजिन्मुमुदे सुखी

English

[The teacher said:] "As the great tree contained in the fig-seed is seen clearly when it has come forth, so there is origin from the unmanifest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चतु:सप्तत्यधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

As the lifeless iron rushes to the magnet, both without consciousness, and like things born of their own nature and cause,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि श्रेय: प्रतिपद्येत तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

so states born of the unmanifest bear the marks of the doer and the cause; the unconscious are joined by the cause of the conscious one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितुः पुत्रेण संवाद तं निबोध युधिषछ्ठिर

English

Neither earth, sky, heaven, beings, sages nor gods and asuras; there was nothing else but the living soul; they did not come together.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं। तुम उस संवादको ध्यान देकर सुनो

English

By all policy, the pervasive great, marked by its cause, is indicated by ignorance and action; this is the mark of the cause.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बभूव पुत्रो मेधावी मेधावी नाम नामतः

English

That, joined with causes, produces the collection of effects, by which this great wheel without beginning or end turns.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहते थे। उनके एक पुत्र हुआ, जो गुणसे तो मेधावी था ही नामसे भी मेधावी था

English

The wheel with the unmanifest as its nave, the manifest as its maker, and the circle of modifications, supervised by the knower of the field, with oily axle, turns firmly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलो लोकतत्त्वविचक्षण:

English

Because of the oil, all the world is crushed on this wheel like sesame, pressed by enjoyments born of ignorance as by oil-presses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बनकर रहती है, उस तृष्णाको जो त्याग देता है, उसीको सुख मिलता है

English

"Bhishma said, 'It is laid down from those Brahmanas that are eligible as priests that they should be conversant with the Chhandas including the Samans, and all the rites inculcated in the Srutis, and that they should be able to perform all such religious acts as lead to the prosperity of the king. They should be devotedly loyal and utter agreeable speeches in addressing kings. They should also be friendly towards one another, and cast equal eyes on all. They should be devoid of cruelty, and truthful in speech. They should never be usurers, and should always be simple and sincere. One that is peaceful in temper, destitute of vanity, modest, charitable, self -restrained, and contented, possessed of intelligence, truthful, observant of vows, and harmless to all creatures, without lust and malice, and endued with the three excellent qualities, devoid of envy and possessed of knowledge, deserves the seat of Brahman himself. Persons with such qualities, O sire, are the best of priests and deserve every respect.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा सा कृच्छूकालेडपि लेभे धर्म सनातनम्

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'There are Vedic texts about the gift of Dakshina in sacrifices. There is no ordinance, however, which lays down that so much should be given. This ordinance (about the gift of Dakshina) has not proceeded from motives connected with the distribution of wealth. The command of the ordinance, in consequence of the provision in cases of incapacity, is terrible. That command is blind to the competence of the sacrificer. l The audition occurs in the Vedas that a person should, with devotion, perform a sacrifice. But what can devotion do when the sacrificer is stained by falsehood?

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्तिके रमणं सन्‍्तं नैनमध्यगमं पुरा

English

"Bhishma said, 'No man acquires blessedness or merit by disregarding the Vedas or by deceit or falsehood. Never think that it is otherwise. Dakshina constitutes one of the limbs of sacrifice and conduces to the nourishment of the Vedas. A sacrifice without Dakshina can never lead to salvation. The efficacy, however, of a single Purnapatra is equal to that of any Dakshina, however rich. Therefore, O sire, everyone belonging to the three orders should perform sacrifices. 3 The Vedas have settled that Soma is as the king himself

हिन्दी अर्थ

का हि कान्तमिहायान्तमयं कान्तेति मंस्यते

English

to the Brahmanas. Yet they desire to sell it for the sake of performing sacrifices, though they never wish to sell it for gaining a livelihood. Rishis of righteous behaviour have declared, agreeably to the dictates of morality, that a sacrifice performed with the proceeds of the sale of Soma serves to extend

हिन्दी अर्थ

न पुनर्वञ्चयिष्यन्ति प्रतिबुद्धास्मि जागृमि

English

As wind may be dusty or dustless, so the wise should know this difference between the field and the knower of the field. By practice, thus joined, he does not return to nature again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्बुद्धाहं निराकारा नाहमद्याजितेन्द्रिया

English

The blessed sage cut this doubt that had arisen; likewise one should look at the matter as measured by the marks made.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आशामनाशां कृत्वा हि सुखं स्वपिति पिड़ला

English

As seeds burnt by fire do not sprout again, so the self is not bound again by afflictions burnt by knowledge."