Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

चरणावुपसंगृहा स्थित: प्राउजलिरब्रवीत् कुतश्चाहं कुतश्च त्वं तत् सम्यग्ब्रूहि यत्परम्

English

erroneously rendered the second line.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृश्यन्ते तानि तान्येव तथा भावा युगादिषु

English

[Vyasa said:] "I shall tell you all the duty of yoga; hear it. Oneness of intellect, mind and all the senses, for one meditating on the self, dear, this is the highest knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रियैविविधैर्युक्तं सर्व व्यक्त मनस्तथा देहेषु ज्ञानकर्तारमुपासीनमुपासते

English

That is to be understood by one who is calm, self-controlled, devoted to the self, delighting in the self, awakened, of pure deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संततत्वाद् यथा यान्ति तथा देहा: शरीरिणाम् देहमुत्सज्य वै याति तथैवात्मोपलभ्यते

English

Cutting off the five faults of yoga which the wise know: desire, anger, greed, fear, and sleep as fifth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मणा नीयतेन्यत्र स्वकृतेन बलीयसा

English

Anger is conquered by calm, desire by giving up intentions; the steadfast should cut off sleep by cultivating goodness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथान्यं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि भूतग्रामं स्वकर्मजम् अव्यक्तलक्षणं विद्यादव्यक्तात्मात्मकं मन:

English

By steadiness one should guard the organ and belly; the hands and feet by the eye; the eye and ear by the mind; the mind and speech by action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन अव्यक्त प्रकृतिके समान ही त्रिगुणात्मक है

English

By heedfulness he should give up fear, and greed by serving the wise; thus he should conquer these faults of yoga, ever untiring.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्पन्नो दृश्यते व्यक्तमव्यक्तात् सम्भवस्तथा स्वभावहेतुजा भावा यद्वदन्यदपीदृशम्

English

He should honour the fires and brahmanas, bow to the deities, and avoid angry speech joined with violence that follows the mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसकी ओर खिंच आते हैं

English

His semen is made of Brahma's energy, whose essence is all this; of the one being, being is twofold, moving and unmoving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्त्व है, उसका भी विवेचन कीजिये

English

Meditation, study, giving, truth, modesty, honesty, forbearance, purity, purity of food, and restraint of the senses:

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदू विद्वन् यथातत्त्वं सर्व व्याख्यातुमहसि अध्यात्मं सर्वविद्यानामागमानां च यद्धसु

English

by these energy grows and sin is drawn off; all his aims are accomplished and discernment goes on.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहस्य है। यही अध्यात्मतत्त्व है तथा यही समस्त विद्याओं और शास्त्रोंका सर्वस्व है

English

Equal to all beings, living on what comes or does not come, with sin shaken off, full of energy, light of diet, master of senses, having brought desire and anger under control, he should wish to lead himself to the seat of Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यं ज्ञानमथो यज्ञस्तितिक्षा दम आर्जवम् सरलता और परम तत्त्व--यह सब कुछ वासुदेव ही है

English

Having made the mind and senses one-pointed, collected, he should hold the mind by the self in the early and late hours of the night.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गप्रलयकर्तारमव्यक्तं ब्रह्म शाश्वतम्

English

Of this five-sensed creature, if one sense is a hole, from it wisdom leaks away, as water from a leather bag at the foot.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रलय करनेवाला अव्यक्त एवं सनातन ब्रह्म है ब्राह्मणो ब्राह्मुणै: श्राव्यो राजन्य: क्षत्रियैस्तथा

English

He should first seize the mind, as a fisherman small fish; then the ear, the eye, the tongue and the nose, the knower of yoga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

माहात्म्यं देवदेवस्य विष्णोरमिततेजस:

English

Having restrained these, the ascetic should set them in the mind; likewise, removing intentions, he should hold the mind in the self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालचक्रमनाद्यन्तं भावाभावस्वलक्षणम् वदन्ति पुरुषव्याप्र केशवं पुरुषर्षभम्

English

Having joined the five with knowledge, the ascetic should set them in the mind; when these stand and are set in the self, in the mind, and become serene, then Brahman shines.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नागासुरमनुष्यांशक्ष सूजते परमोडव्यय:

English

Like fire without smoke, with blazing flame, like the shining sun, like lightning in the sky, he sees the self by the self; and everything is seen there, everywhere, by being pervasive.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रलयं प्रकृति प्राप्प युगादौ सृजते पुन: श्रीकृष्ण ही ये वेद-शास्त्र और सनातन लोक-धर्मोंको पुनः प्रकट करते हैं

English

The great-souled brahmanas who are wise see him, steadfast, greatly wise, intent on the good of all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् तदुत्पद्यते ज्ञानं लोकयात्राविधानजम् तब उसी-उसी विषयका ज्ञान प्रकट होता रहता है

English

So practising for a measured time, of strict vows, sitting alone in solitude, he would reach sameness with the imperishable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लेभिरे तपसा पूर्वमनुज्ञाता: स्वयम्भुवा

English

Bewilderment, giddiness and whirling, in smelling, hearing and seeing; marvels in taste and touch, cold and heat; the form of wind;

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवर्षिचरितं गार्ग्य: कृष्णात्रेयश्विकित्सितम् हेत्वागमसदाचारैर्यदुक्ते तदुपास्यताम्

English

insight and obstacles also, having been gathered by yoga, the knower of truth should disregard and turn away by his own self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकस्तदू वेद भगवान् धाता नारायण: प्रभु:

English

The restrained sage should practise yoga three times a day; on a mountain peak, at a shrine, and at treetops he should join.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मको जाना है; वह ब्रह्म-ज्ञान ही समस्त दुःखोंका परम औषध है हेतुयुक्तमत: पूर्व जगत् सम्परिवर्तते

English

Holding in the grasp of the senses, like one with a vessel in a cow-pen, one-pointed, he should think ever, and not let the mind be disturbed by yoga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकृति: सूयते तद्धदानन्त्यान् नापचीयते

English

By whatever means the unsteady mind can be restrained, he should follow that one joined, and not stray from it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूलप्रकृतयो हराष्टी जगदेतास्ववस्थितम् महाभूतोंके विकार हैं)

English

Empty mountain caves, temples and empty houses he should resort to for dwelling, one-pointed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पादौ पायुरुपस्थश्न हस्तौ वाक्कर्मणी अपि

English

He should not strike at another by speech, deed or mind; indifferent, restrained in food, equal in gain and loss.

हिन्दी अर्थ

(लिंग) और वाक्ू--ये पाँच कर्मेन्द्रियाँ हैं विज्ञेयं व्यापकं चित्तं तेषु सर्वगतं मन:

English

Whoever praises him and whoever slanders him, he should be equal to both, and not dwell on good or bad.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसीको मन समझना चाहिए। मन सर्वगत कहा गया है

English

He should not rejoice in gains nor think of losses, equal to all beings, of like nature to the wind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमात्माके निकटस्थ जीवात्मा है, उसकी ये सोलहों देवता उपासना करते हैं

English

Thus for the good man who is the self of all, seeing equally everywhere, in a few months, ever joined, he passes beyond the word-Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्थं तस्माद् बुद्धोत बुद्धिमान् श्रिता विरजसं देव॑ यमाहु: प्रकृतेः: परम्

English

Seeing creatures afflicted by pain, equal toward clod, stone and gold, devoted to this path, he would stop and not be bewildered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यापक: सगुण: सूक्ष्म: सर्वभूतगुणाश्रय:

English

Even a person of low class or a woman desiring dharma, even those two by this path go to the highest goal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानात्मानं तथा विद्यात् पुरुष सर्वजन्तुषु कारणं तस्य देहो5यं स कर्ता सर्वकर्मणाम्

English

The unborn, ancient, ageless, eternal, which an unmoving man perceives through the senses, smaller than the small, greater than the great, he sees by the self, self-possessed and joined.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथैवात्मा शरीरस्थो योगेनैवानुदृश्यते

English

This is the word of the great-souled sage, spoken as it is, observed in the mind; considering it, he reaches sameness with the Supreme, the goal which the wise attain among beings."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अचेतनाश्रेतयितु: कारणादभिसंहता: चेतनकताके सम्बन्धसे चेतन-से होकर जानना आदि क्रियाके हेतु बन जाते हैं

English

"Bhishma said, 'That foremost of all persons conversant with the Vedas, viz., Utathya of Angirasa's race, discoursed cheerfully (on former occasion) unto Yuvanaswa's son Mandhatri. I shall now, O Yudhishthira, recite to thee everything that Utathya, that foremost of all persons conversant with the Vedas, had said unto that king.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्यासात् स तथा युक्तो न गच्छेत् प्रकृतिं पुन:

English

[Shuka said:] "I wish to hear this; tell it to me. This, in mutual contradiction, seems to run in opposition."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धिमें सहायक हों

English

[Bhishma said:] Thus addressed, the son of Parashara answered his son: "I shall explain these two, action and knowledge, the perishable and the imperishable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानदग्धैस्तथा क्लेशैरनात्मा सम्पद्यते पुन: एकादशाधिकद्विशततमोध्याय:

English

The direction they go by knowledge and that they reach by action: hear, son, one-pointed; this difference is deep.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां विज्ञाननिष्ठानामन्यत्तत्त्वं न रोचते

English

The one who says "there is dharma" and also that "there is none" here: this would be like that party of mine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिवा दूसरी कोई वस्तु अच्छी नहीं लगती प्रयोजन महत्त्वात्तु मार्गमिच्छन्ति संस्तुतम्

English

There are these two paths on which the Vedas are established: the dharma marked by activity, and well spoken in withdrawal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मणा विवरं कुर्वन्न लोकानाप्नुयाच्छुभान्

English

By action the thread is bound; by knowledge it is freed; therefore ascetics who see the far shore do not do action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पानेकी कदापि इच्छा न करे तथापक्‍्वकषायाख्यं विज्ञानं न प्रकाशते

English

By action one is born after death embodied and sixteenfold; by knowledge one is ever born as imperishable, of imperishable nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकाशित नहीं होता है

English

But some men of lesser wisdom praise action; by it they delight in nets of bodies and remain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नान्यदासीदृते जीवमासेदुर्न तु संहतम्

English

"Utathya said, 'One becomes a king for acting in the interests of righteousness and not for conducting himself capriciously. Know this, O Mandhatri; the king is, indeed, the protector of the world. If the king acts righteously, he attains to the position of a god. 3 On the other hand, if fie acts unrighteously, he sinks into hell. All creatures rest upon righteousness. Righteousness, in its turn, rests upon the king. That king, therefore, who upholds righteousness, is truly a king. That king who is endued with a righteous soul and with every kind of grace is said to be an embodiment of virtue. If a king fails to chastise unrighteousness, the gods desert his mansion and he incurs obloquy among men. The efforts of men who are observant of their own duties are always crowned with success. For this reason all men seek to obey the dictates of righteousness which are productive of prosperity. When sinfulness is not restrained, righteous behaviour comes to an end and unrighteous behaviour increases greatly. When sinfulness is not restrained, no one can, according to the rights of property as laid down in the scriptures, say, 'This thing is mine and this is not mine.' When sinfulness prevails in the world, men cannot own and enjoy their own wives and animals and fields and houses. The deities receive no worship, the Pitris no offerings in Sraddhas , and guests no hospitality, when sinfulness is not restrained. The regenerate classes do not study the Vedas, or observe high vows, or spread out sacrifices, when sinfulness is not

हिन्दी अर्थ

अज्ञानकर्म निर्दिष्टमेतत् कारणलक्षणम् है। यह कारणस्वरूप समस्त जगत् अज्ञानका कार्य बताया गया है

English

The minds of men, O king, become weak and confounded like those of persons wounded with weapons, when sinfulness is not restrained. Casting their eyes on both the worlds, the Rishis made the king, that superior being, intending that he should be the embodiment of righteousness on earth, l He is called Rajan in whom righteousness shines. That king, again in whom there is no righteousness, is called a Vrishala. 2 The divine Dharma (righteousness) has another name, viz., Vrisha. He who weakens Vrisha is called by the name of Vrishala. A king should, therefore, advance the cause of righteousness. All creatures grow in the growth of righteousness, and decay with its decay. Righteousness, therefore, should never be permitted to decay. Righteousness is called Dharma because it aids the acquisition and preservation of wealth (Dhana). The sages, O king, have declared that Dharma restrains and set bounds to all evil acts of men. The self-born (Brahman) created Dharma for the advancement and growth of creatures. For this reason, a king should act according to the dictates of Dharma for benefiting his subjects. For this reason also, O tiger among kings, Dharma has been said to

हिन्दी अर्थ

येनैतद् वर्तते चक्रमनादिनिधनं महत्

English

Where going one does not die, where going one is not born, where going one does not age or grow;

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितं चक्र स्निग्धाक्षं वर्तते ध्रुवम् चक्रपर चालक बनकर बैठा हुआ है

English

where is that supreme Brahman, unmanifest, ageless, firm, unobstructed, effortless, immortal and without separation;

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारचक्रमें पेरा जा रहा है

English

where they are not troubled by the pairs, or by mental action, equal everywhere, friendly, and intent on the good of all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्यकारणसंयोगे स हेतुरुपपादित: कार्याणां तूपकरणे कालो भवति हेतुमान्

English

One person, dear, is made of knowledge and another of action; know the moon on the new-moon night as standing in a subtle part.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनकी सिद्धि और असिद्धिमें हेतु होता है

English

This, said by the sage, is inferred at length: seeing the new moon like a curved thread in the sky.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्योन्यमभिवर्तन्ते पुरुषाधिष्ठिता: सदा दूसरेसे मिलते और सृष्टिका विस्तार करते हैं

English

Eleven-fold in modification, gathered of the stores of parts, know him as embodied, of the nature of action and qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षेत्रज्ञमेवानुयाति पांसुर्वातेरितो यथा

English

The god who dwells in it like a water drop on a lotus: know him as the knower of the field, ever won over by renunciation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसीके साथ-साथ एक स्थानसे दूसरे स्थानको जाती है सरजस्को5रजस्कश्न नैव वायुर्भवेद् यथा

English

Know tamas, rajas and sattva as these qualities of the soul; know the soul as the quality of the self, the self of the supreme self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पता ही नहीं लगता तथा वार्ता समीक्षेत कृतलक्षणसम्मिताम्

English

They say that the soul's quality is consciousness; he moves and moves all; beyond that they call the knower of the field, who sets in motion the seven worlds."

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म्य पन्थानमाक्रम्य सानुबन्धो विनश्यति क्रोधो हर्षो विषादश्न॒ जायन्तेह परस्परात्

English

be the foremost of all things. That foremost of men who rules his subjects righteously is called a king. Disregarding lust and wrath, observe thou the dictates of righteousness. Among all things, O chief of Bharata's race, that conduce to the prosperity of kings, righteousness is the foremost. Dharma, again, has sprung from the Brahmana. For this reason, the Brahmana should always be worshipped. Thou shouldst, O Mandhatri, gratify with humility the wishes of Brahmanas. By neglecting to gratify the wishes of Brahmanas, the king brings danger on himself. In consequence of such neglect, he fails to obtain any accession of friends while his foes increase in number. In consequence of malice towards the Brahmanas springing from his folly, the goddess of prosperity who had formerly dwelt with him became enraged and deserted the Asura Vali, the son of Virochana. Deserting the Asura she repaired to Indra, the chief of the deities. Beholding the goddess living with Purandara, Vali indulged in many vain regrets. This, O puissant one, is the results of malice and pride. Be thou awakened, O Mandhatri, so that the goddess of prosperity may not in wrath desert thee. The Srutis declare that Unrighteousness begat a son named Pride upon the goddess of prosperity. This Pride, O king, led many among the gods and the Asuras to ruin. Many royal sages also have suffered destruction on his account. Do thou, therefore, awaken, O king! He who succeeds in conquering him becomes a king. He, on the other hand, who suffers himself to be conquered by him, becomes a slave. If, O Mandhatri, thou wishest for an eternal life (of felicity), live as a king should that does not indulge in these two, viz., Pride and Unrighteousness! Abstain from companionship with him that is intoxicated (with pride), him that is heedless (of the dictates of

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्धद्धूतेष्वहंकारं विद्यात् कर्मप्रवर्तकम्

English

[Shuka said:] "I wish further to hear, in this world, the good conduct and the reasoned conduct by which the good proceed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स देही विमल: श्रीमान् श्रद्धाविद्यासमन्वित: क्रोधलोभौ भयं दर्प एतेषां सादनाच्छुचि:

English

In the Veda it is said, "do action" and "give up"; how can I understand this? You should explain it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विष्णुमव्यक्तसंस्थानं विदुस्तं देवसत्तमम्

English

Knowing the truth of the world's events, purified by my teacher's command, I shall make up my mind and, with my self released, give up the self without pain."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मानवा ज्ञानसम्मोहात् ततः क्रोध॑ प्रयान्ति वै है, तथा वे बुद्धिके व्यामोहसे क्रोधके वशीभूत हो जाते हैं

English

[Vyasa said:] "This livelihood which was ordained before by Brahma himself has been practised by earlier good great sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मानदर्पावहड़्कारमहड्कारात् तत:ः क्रिया:

English

By celibacy the great sages conquer the worlds; and seek the good of the self in the heart, in the self, by the mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरीषमूत्रविक्लेदं शोणितप्रभवाविलम् मलिन स्थानमें रहना पड़ता है

English

In the forest, living on roots and fruit, performing very great austerity, wandering at holy places and harming no beings,

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारतन्त्रवाहिन्यस्तत्र बुद्धयेत योषित:

English

where there is no smoke, the pestle laid down, in a forest-dweller's shelter, going for alms at the proper time, one is fit for Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसाररूपी वस्त्रको बुननेवाली तन्तुवाहिनी समझे और उनसे दूर रहे तस्मादेवाविशेषेण नरो5तीयाद् विशेषत:

English

Without praise, without salutation, giving up good and bad, wander alone in the forest, eating whatever comes."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सात््विक, राजस और तामस भावोंकी एक-दूसरेसे उत्पत्ति होती है

English

honesty), him that is scoffer of religion, him that is insensate, and forbear to pay court to all of them when united. Keep thy self aloof from the company of ministers whom thou hast once punished and especially of women, as also from mountains and uneven lands and inaccessible fastnesses and elephants and horses and (noxious) reptiles. Thou shouldst also give up wandering in the night, and avoid the faults of stinginess and vanity and boastfulness and wrath. Thou shouldst never have intercourse with unknown women, or those of equivocal sex, or those that are lewd, or those that are the wives of other men, or those that are virgins. When the king does not restrain vice, a confusion of castes follows, and sinful Rakshasas, and persons of neutral sex, and children destitute of limbs or possessed of thick tongues, and idiots, begin to take birth in even respectable families. Therefore, the king should take particular care to act righteously, for the benefit of his subjects. If a king acts heedlessly, a great evil becomes the consequence. Unrighteousness increases causing a confusion of castes. Cold sets in during the summer months, and disappears when its proper season comes. Drought and flood and pestilence afflict the people. Ominous stars arise and awful comets appear on such occasions. Diverse other portents, indicating destruction of the kingdom, make their appearance. If the king does not take measures for his own safety and does not protect his subjects, the latter first meet with destruction and then destruction seizes the king himself. Two persons combining together snatch the wealth of one, and many acting in concert rob the two. Maidens are deflowered. Such a state of things is said to arise from the king's faults. All rights of property come to an end among men, when the king, abandoning righteousness, acts heedlessly.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

कमभिष्ट्वते चायं क॑ वा55क्रोशति कि वदन् रहित होनेके कारण यह नहीं जानते हैं कि यह शरीर पृथ्वीका विकार है

English

[Shuka said:] "I wish to hear this; let the blessed one tell me how it proceeds without contradiction of actions."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पार्थिवो5यं तथा देहो मृद्विकारान्न नश्यति

English

[Bhishma said:] Thus addressed, the son of Gandhavati answered his son, the sage honouring the words of his son of immeasurable splendour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पार्थिव शरीर पृथ्वीके ही विकारभूत अन्न और जलके सेवनसे ही नष्ट नहीं होता है धान्यानि फलमूलानि मृद्विकारा: सहाम्भसा

English

Householder, celibate student, forest-dweller and mendicant, all who do as laid down go to the highest goal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्राम्यमाहारमादद्यादस्वाद्गपि हि यापनम्

English

One who rightly follows these stages in turn, free of desire and aversion, is honoured in the next world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यात्रार्थमद्यादाहारं व्याधितो भेषजं यथा क्षान्त्या धृत्या च बुद्धथा च मनसा तपसैव च

English

This four-stepped ladder is set in Brahman; relying on this ladder one is honoured in the world of Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शान्तिमिच्छन्नदीनात्मा संयच्छेदिन्द्रियाणि च

English

For a quarter of his life the celibate student, free of envy, should dwell with his teacher or his teacher's son, skilled in dharma and wealth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चक्रवत् परिवर्तन्ते हृज्ञानाज्जन्तवो भूशम् अज्ञानप्रभवं दुःखमहंकारं परित्यजेत्

English

Wishing to prosper, he should study with the teacher beyond his work, be skilled and not slander; when called, he should attend the teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा उस अज्ञानसे उत्पन्न हुए दुःख और अहंकारको त्याग दे

English

He should sleep last and rise first in the teacher's house; whatever should be done by a disciple or a servant,

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रैलोक्यं सेश्वरं सर्वमहंकारे प्रतिष्ठितम् तीनों लोक--यह सब कुछ अहंकारमें ही प्रतिष्ठित है

English

having done it all, saying "it is done," he should stand at the side, a servant doing all, skilled in all tasks.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रीतिदुःखनिबद्धांश्व समस्तांस्त्रीनथो गुणान् त्रिविध गुणोंका स्वरूप जानना चाहिए

English

Pure, skilled, endowed with virtues, he should speak unhurried like an arrow; he should look at the teacher with the eye, unagitated, master of senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषादशोकावरतिर्मानदर्पावनार्यता

English

He should not eat before he has eaten, nor drink before he has drunk, nor sit while he stands, nor sleep while he sleeps.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमृशेदात्मसंस्थानमेकैकमनुसंततम् विचार करते हुए सभी दोषोंसे छूटनेका प्रयत्न करे)

English

With palms upturned he should gently touch his feet, the right with the right and the left with the left, pressing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

के पुनः पुनरायान्ति के मोहादफला इव

English

Having saluted the teacher he should say, "Teach me, blessed one; this I shall do; this I have done."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष मे संशयस्तात तनमे ब्रूहि पितामह तात! पितामह! यह मेरा संशय है। आप मुझसे इसका विवेचन कीजिये

English

Having thus got permission for everything and offered wealth to the teacher, he should do it, and having done it all, report again to the teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा कृतात्मा सहजैदररषि्नश्यति तामसै:

English

What perfumes or tastes the celibate student does not use, he may use on returning home: so the determination in dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् सर्व देहिनां बीज॑ सत्त्वमात्मवत: समम् लिया है, उस पुरुषके लिये सत्त्वगुण ही समताका साधन है

English

Whatever rules for celibate students are told in detail, he should observe them all, and not stray from his teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रजस्तमोभ्यां निर्मुक्त सत्त्वं निर्मलतामियात्

English

Thus, having brought joy to his teacher as he is able, the disciple should live by action in each stage in turn.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स वै हेतुरनादाने शुद्धरर्मानुपालने अर्थयुक्तानि चात्यर्थ कामान् सर्वाश्व सेवते

English

By the Vedic vow and fasting, when the fourth part of his life is gone, having given the fee to the teacher, he should return home by rule.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हिंसाविहाराभिरतस्तन्द्रीनिद्रासमन्वित:

English

Joined with a wife obtained by dharma, kindling the fires by dharma, for the second part of his life he should be a householder keeping vows."

हिन्दी अर्थ

रजस्यन्तर्तिता मूर्तिरिन्द्रियाणां सनातनी

English

of the motives that impelled the Rishis of Brahmavarta when they devised for their Indian colony the kingly form of government.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रियोंके विषयासक्तिसे रहित हो जानेपर देही पुनः शरीरको धारण नहीं करता त्रयोदशाधिकद्धिशततमो ध्याय:

English

[Vyasa said:] "The wise remember four livelihoods of householders: the first with a granary, then with a jar of grain,

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजाग्म्रो जायते विद्वान् कन्यसीं वृत्तिमास्थित:

English

then living for one day's need, then that resorting to the pigeon's livelihood. Each later one is better by dharma and wins greater worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कनिष्ठ श्रेणीका विद्वान ब्रह्मचारी श्रेष्ठ ब्राह्मणके रूपमें जन्म लेता है सम्प्रदीप्तमुदीर्ण च निगृह्लीयाद् द्विजो रज:

English

One lives on one, another on three, another on two, and the fourth is established in the sacrifice of Brahman. The vows of householders here are called great.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथज्वचिद् दर्शनादासां दुर्बलानां विशेद्रज:

English

He should not cook food for himself, nor kill animals in vain; a living or lifeless thing is fit for consecration by the Yajus.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मग्न: स्वप्ने च मनसा त्रिर्जपेदघधमर्षणम् मन तीन बार अघमर्षणः सूक्तका जप करे

English

He should not sleep by day, nor in the early or late night; he should not eat between times; he should not invite a woman out of season.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानयुक्तेन मनसा संततेन विचक्षण:

English

No brahmana should stay unhonoured in his house without eating; his guests too are to be honoured, as carriers of offerings to gods and ancestors.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्तःकरणमें प्रकट हुए पापमय कामविकारको दग्ध कर देना चाहिए तद्वद् देहगतं विद्यादात्मानं देहबन्धनम्

English

Those bathed in the vow of Vedic learning, learned in the Veda, masters of it, living by their own dharma, self-controlled, active, ascetic: for them the offerings to gods and ancestors are ordained as honour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मज्जां देहं शिराजालैस्तर्पयन्ति रसा नृणाम्

English

Not for one travelling with asses, one ignorant of his own dharma, one who has thrown away the fire-offering, or a teacher who acts like a fool.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रियोंमें विकार उत्पन्न करनेवाली यह सनातन नारीमूर्ति रजोगुणसे तिरोहित है स्वसंज्ञानस्वकांस्तद्वत् सुतसंज्ञान् कृमीस्त्यजेत्

English

shines irajate) is aRajan; and he in whom righteousness, called Vrisha, disappear, is a Vrishala. Vide

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वभावात् कर्मयोगाद् वा तानुपेक्षेत बुद्धिमान्

English

He should always be an eater of remains and always eat nectar; nectar is what remains of the sacrifice, food equal to the oblation; one who eats what remains after servants is called an eater of remains.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानाधिष्ठानमव्यक्तं बुद्धयहड्कारलक्षणम् अव्यक्त आत्मा बुद्धि और अहंकारसे युक्त हो जाता है

English

Devoted to his wife, self-controlled, free of envy, master of his senses, with priests, household priests, teachers, maternal uncles and guests who depend on him,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मणा कालयुक्तेन संसारपरिवर्तनम्

English

with the aged, children, sick, physicians, kin, relatives and connections, with mother and father, sisters, brother, son and wife,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मगर्भर्गुणैदेही गर्भ तदुपलभ्यते उसी प्रकार वह कर्मगर्भित गुणोंद्वारा गर्भमें उपलब्ध होता है

English

with daughter and servants he should not engage in dispute; leaving these quarrels he is freed from all sins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जायते तदहड्कारादू रागयुक्तेन चेतसा

English

By conquering these he conquers all worlds, without doubt: the teacher is lord of the world of Brahma, the father lord in the world of Prajapati,

हिन्दी अर्थ

रूपरागात् तथा चक्षुप्राणं गन्धचिकीर्षया व्यानोदानौ समानश्न पञज्चधा देहयापनम्

English

the guest lord of Indra's world, the priests of the world of gods; sisters of the world of apsarases; kin in the Vishvedevas' world;

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुःखाद्न्तैर्दु:खमध्यैर्नर: शारीरमानसै:

English

relations and kinsmen in the directions; mother and maternal uncle on earth; the aged, children, sick and weak in space, powerful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुःखोंसे पीड़ित रहता है त्यागात् तेभ्यो निरोध: स्यान्निरोधज्ञो विमुच्यते

English

The elder brother is like a father, the wife and son one's own body, the servants one's shadow, the daughter most pitiable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हीनैश्व करणैदेही न देहं पुनरहति

English

Therefore, though insulted by these, he should always bear it, unfevered, devoted to household dharma, learned, constant in dharma, conquering fatigue.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्त्वज्ञानाच्चरन् राजन प्राप्तुयात्परमां गतिम्

English

Not bound by wealth, he should practise no action or dharma at all; of the three householder livelihoods, the highest good is in these.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य तत्त्वज्ञानसे परमगतिको प्राप्त कर लेता है पुरुषेभ्यो द्विजानाहुर्द्धिजेभ्यो मन्त्रदर्शिन:

English

They say of each other that it is the fourfold order of stages; of the rules named for them, all are to be done by one who wishes to prosper.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भी मन्त्रद्रष्टा (वेदज्ञ) ब्राह्मणोंको श्रेष्ठ बताया गया है

English

With granary grain, gleaners and those who have taken the pigeon's livelihood: the realm where these worthy ones dwell prospers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणा वेदशास्त्रज्ञास्तत्त्वार्थगतनिश्चया: सर्वदर्शी होते हैं। उन्हें परमार्थतत्त्वका पूर्ण निश्चय होता है

English

He purifies ten ancestors before and ten after, and grandfathers, who follows these householder livelihoods without distress.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानहीनस्तथा लोके तस्माज्ज्ञानविदोडधिका:

English

He would reach a goal like that of the worlds of the wheel-roamers; or this goal is ordained for those of controlled senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये ज्ञानी पुरुष ही सबसे श्रेष्ठ है सर्वधर्मेषु धर्मज्ञा ज्ञापपन्ति गुणान् शुभान्

English

Heaven is for householders of noble mind, beneficial; heaven joined with aerial cars, flowering, seen in the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणोंको प्राय: सभी धर्मोके धर्मज्ञ पुरुष कल्याणकारी बताते हैं

English

In the world of heaven is the standing of householders of controlled self; this ladder was ordained by Brahma, from which one is freed; reaching the second step in order, he is honoured in heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परं तत् सर्वधर्मेभ्यस्तेन यान्ति परां गतिम् श्रोत्रेण श्रवण चैव चक्षुषा चैव दर्शनम्

English

Beyond this, they call the supreme, noble third stage that of those who give up the body, the forest-dwellers, the unsurpassed of householders; hear this about those who afflict the body."

हिन्दी अर्थ

याभि: सूक्ष्मा: प्रतायन्ते धमन्यो5न्या: सहस्रश: तर्पयन्ति यथाकालमापगा इव सागरम्

English

"Utathya said, 'If the deity of the clouds pours rain seasonably and the king acts virtuously, the prosperity that ensues maintain the subjects in felicity. That washerman who does not know how to wash away the filth of cloth without taking away its dye, is very unskilful in his profession. That person among Brahmanas or Kshatriyas or Vaisyas who, having fallen away from the proper duties of his order, has become a Sudra, is truly to be compared to such a washerman. Menial service attaches to the Sudra; agriculture to the Vaisya; the science of chastisement to the Kshatriya, and Brahmacharya, penances, mantras, and truth, attach, to the Brahmana. That Kshatriya who knows how to correct the faults of behaviour of the other orders and to wash them clean like a washerman is really their father and deserve to be their king. The respective ages called Krita, Treta, Dwapara and Kali, O bull of Bharata's race, are all dependent on the conduct of the king. It is the king who constitutes

हिन्दी अर्थ

निःस्पृह होकर भिक्षावृत्तिसे निर्वाह करता हुआ सुखपूर्वक विचरे

English

[Vyasa said:] "Having gradually shaken off this, he takes the third, best livelihood, for forest-dwellers weary of the vow of union.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनो बुद्धया निगृह्लीयाद् विषयान्मनसा55त्मन: देवतास्तत् प्रकाशन्ते हृष्टा यान्ति तमीश्वरम्

English

Hear it, Partha, good luck to you, for those whose selves are the resort of all worlds, who act after reflection, dwelling in holy places.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शनैश्वोपगते सच्चे ब्रह्मुभूयाय कल्पते येन तन्त्रयतस्तन्त्रं वृत्ति: स्थात् तत् तदाचरेत्

English

When the householder sees wrinkles and grey hair on himself and the child of his child, then he should resort to the forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा मूलफल भैक्ष्यं पर्यायेणोपयोजयेत्

English

He should dwell in the forest-dweller's stage for the third part of his life, tending the same fires, sacrificing to the dwellers of heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् परीक्ष्यानुवर्तेत तत्प्रवृत्त्यनुपूर्वकम् दोष-गुणकी परीक्षा करके यदि वह योगसिद्धिके अनुकूल हो तो उसे उपयोगमें ले

English

Restrained, with restrained diet, eating grain, heedful, he should keep the fire-offering, the cows and all the limbs of sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानान्वितं तथा ज्ञानमर्कवत् सम्प्रकाशते

English

Unploughed rice and barley, wild grain and leavings, he should offer as oblations in the five sacrifices.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विज्ञानानुगतं ज्ञानमज्ञानेनापकृष्यते तत्त्वको जान लेता है, वह वीतराग पुरुष संसारबन्धनसे मुक्त हो जाता है

English

In the forest-dweller's stage too four livelihoods are remembered: some wash off at once; some store for a month.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमृतं तदवाप्रोति यत् तदक्षरमव्ययम्

English

Some store for a year, some for twelve years, for honouring guests and for accomplishing the sacrificial system.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुक्रें संकल्पजं नृणां सर्वगात्रैर्विमुड्चति

English

the age. l The four orders, the Vedas and the duties in respect of the four modes of life, all become confused and weakened when the king becomes heedless. The three kinds of Fire, the three Vedas, and sacrifices with Dakshina, all become lost when the king becomes heedless. The king is the creator of all creatures, and the king is their destroyer. That king who is of righteous soul is regarded as the creator, while he that is sinful is regarded as the destroyer. The king's wives, sons, kinsmen, and friends, all become unhappy and grieve when the king becomes heedless. Elephants and steeds and kine and camels and mules and asses and other animals all lose their vigour when the king becomes unrighteous. It is said, O Mandhatri, that the Creator created Power (represented by the king) for the object of protecting Weakness. Weakness is, indeed, a great being, for everything depends upon it. 2 All creatures worship the king. All creatures are the children of the king. If, therefore, O monarch, the king becomes unrighteous, all creatures come to grief. The eyes of the weak, of the Muni, and of the snake of virulent poison, should be regarded as unbearable. Do not, therefore, come into (hostile) contact with the weak. Thou shouldst regard the weak as always subject to humiliation. Take care that the eyes of the weak do not burn thee with thy kinsmen. In a race scorched by the eyes of the weak, no children take birth. Such eyes burn the race to its very roots. Do not, therefore, come into (hostile) contact with the weak. Weakness is more powerful than even the greatest Power, for that Power which is scorched by Weakness becomes totally exterminated. If a person, who has been humiliated or struck, fails, while shrieking for assistance, to obtain a protector, divine chastisement overtakes the king and brings about his destruction. Do not, O sire, while in enjoyment of Power, take wealth from those that are Weak. Take care that that the eyes of the Weak do not burn thee like a blazing fire. The tears shed by weeping men afflicted with falsehood slay the children and animals of those that have uttered those falsehoods. Like a cow a sinful act perpetrated does not produce immediate fruits. 3 If the fruit is not seen in the perpetrator himself, it is seen in his son or in his son's son, or daughter's son. When a weak person fails to find a rescuer, the great rod of divine chastisement falls (upon the king). When all subjects of a king

हिन्दी अर्थ

संकल्पके द्वारा सारे शरीरसे वीर्यको खींचकर बाहर निकाल देती है नेत्रयो: प्रतिपद्यन्ते वहन्त्यस्तैजसं गुणम्

English

They roll on the ground, or stand on their toes, live by standing and sitting, and bathe at the pressings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुक्र निर्मथ्यते तद्बधत् देहसंकल्पजै: खजै:

English

Some use their teeth as mortars, others pound with stones; some drink boiled gruel once in the bright fortnight,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आदिसे मथित होकर पुरुषका वीर्य बाहर निकल जाता है विरागा दग्धदोषास्ते नाप्नुयुर्देहसम्भवम्

English

some in the dark fortnight, and eat in order; some on roots, some on fruits, some on flowers, firm in vows,

हिन्दी अर्थ

देहकर्मा नुदन् प्राणानन्तकाले विमुच्यते

English

living properly, relying on the doctrine of the Vaikhanasas; these and many other initiations are theirs, the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्योतिष्मद्विरजो नित्यं मन्त्रसिद्धं महात्मनाम् रजस्तमश्न हित्वेह यथेष्टां गतिमाप्रुयात्

English

The fourth, the dharma of the Upanishads, is held to be common; from the forest-dweller and the householder another proceeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विपक्वबुद्धि: कालेन आदत्ते मानसं बलम्

English

In this very age, dear, by brahmanas who see all ends: Agastya, the seven sages, Madhuchchhanda, Aghamarshana,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसका ज्ञान कभी क्षीण नहीं होता चतुर्दशाधिकद्विशततमो5 ध्याय:

English

Sankriti, Sudiva, Tandi, Yavanna, Kritashrama, Ahovirya, Kavya, Tandya, the wise Medhatithi,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये त्वसक्ता महात्मानस्ते यान्ति परमां गतिम्

English

Shloka, Nirvaka, Shunyapala, Kritashrama: thus learned in these dharmas, they reached heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टवैव संततं लोकं घटेन्मोक्षाय बुद्धिमान् प्रशान्तो ज्ञानवान् भिक्षुर्निरिपेक्षश्वरेत् सुखम्

English

Dear, the companies of wandering ascetics, seers of fierce austerity, who saw skill in dharma, with dharma visible,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्राप्युपेक्षां कुर्वीत ज्ञात्वा कर्मफलं जगत् भोग रहा है, सबके प्रति उपेक्षाभाव रखे

English

inexpressible and immeasurable, brahmanas resorted to the forest: Vaikhanasas, Valakhilyas, Sikatas and others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माच्छुभानि कर्माणि कुर्याद् वा बुद्धिकर्मभि:

English

Joyless in actions, constant in dharma, master of senses, all those with dharma visible resorted to the forest; unmarked and unassailable, they are seen as hosts of lights.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षमा चैवाप्रमादश्न यस्यैते स सुखी भवेत् प्रमादशून्यता--ये गुण जिस पुरुषमें विद्यमान हों, वही सुखी होता है

English

When troubled by age and afflicted by disease, in the fourth part of life that remains he should leave the forest-dweller's stage, having performed the same-day sacrifice with all Vedic fees.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाचामोघप्रयासेन मनोज्ञं तत् प्रवर्तते

English

Sacrificing to the self, delighting in the self, with the self for resort, placing the fires in the self, giving up all possessions,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईदृगल्पं च वक्तव्यमविक्षिप्तेन चेतसा बुद्धयाप्यनुगृहीतेन मनसा कर्म तामसम्

English

he should perform the same-day sacrifices and the offerings here always; for those who ever sacrifice, he turns from sacrifice to sacrificing in the self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्मनोवाक्शरीरैराचरेद् धैर्यमात्मन:

English

He should rightly sacrifice the three fires in the self itself, by freeing the self; he should offer the five breaths with the Yajus, eating without blame.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरीरद्वारा ऐसा कार्य करे जिससे अपनेको धैर्य प्राप्त हो प्रतिलोमां दिशं बुद्ध्वा संसारमबुधास्तथा

English

Having shed hair, down and nails, the forest-dweller becomes a sage; from stage to stage, purified by deeds, he goes at once.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भागी हो जाते हैं

English

The twice-born who goes forth giving fearlessness to all beings has radiant worlds, and after death gains the endless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और तामस कर्मोको त्यागकर शुभ गति प्राप्त कर लेता है विविक्तचारी लघ्वाशी तपस्वी नियतेन्द्रिय:

English

Of good conduct, with sin removed, not striving here or in the next world, free of anger and delusion, beyond peace and war, the knower of the self would be as one indifferent.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्प्रचारेण मनसा परं तदधिगच्छति

English

He should not be pained at the restraints gone into the self, with his own scripture, sutra, oblation, mantra and valour; the self-sacrificer's goal would be as he wishes; there is no doubt for the devoted to dharma, master of senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईश्वरकी ओर प्रवृत्त हो जाते हैं

English

Beyond this, hear of the fourth, supreme stage, the best, exalted by great virtues, above the three, the highest, as it is being described, the supreme refuge."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अविकारी एवं अमृत ब्रह्मको प्राप्त कर लेता है निद्रा सर्वात्मना त्याज्या स्वप्रदोषानवेक्षता

English

(are obliged by distress to) live like Brahmanas, by mendicancy, such mendicancy brings destruction upon the king. When all the officers of the king posted in the provinces unite together and act with injustice, the king is then said to bring about a state of unmixed evil upon his kingdom. When the officers of the king extort wealth, by unjust means or acting from lust or avarice, from persons piteously soliciting mercy, a great

हिन्दी अर्थ

सात्त्विका वा यथायोगमानन्तर्यफलोदयम्

English

[Vyasa said:] "Having received refinement from these two stages, what is to be done afterward for the highest aim, hear here one-pointed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानतत्त्वपरो नित्यं शुभाशुभनिदर्शक: परमगतिको प्राप्त होता है

English

Having ripened the astringency, in three steps of the ladder, one should go forth to the supreme place, the highest wandering mendicancy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रजस्तमोघ्नं यत् कर्म तपसस्तत् स्वलक्षणम् वाड्मनोनियम: सम्यड्मानसं तप उच्यते

English

You should live practising so, and hear: one should wander alone ever, for success, without companion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भलीभाँति किया हुआ संयम मानसिक तप कहलाता है

English

He who wanders alone, seeing, neither gives up nor is given up; without fire, without home, he should resort to a village for food.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आहारनियमेनास्य पाप्मा शाम्यति राजस: रजोगुणसे उत्पन्न होनेवाला पाप शान्त हो जाता है

English

He should be a sage of purified feeling, with the rule of not storing for tomorrow, light of diet, restrained in food, eating once.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् तन्मात्रमादद्याद् यावदत्र प्रयोजनम्

English

The bowl, tree roots, rags, solitude and indifference toward all beings: this much is the mark of a mendicant.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं युक्तेन मनसा ज्ञानं यदुपपद्यते धैर्य नहीं छोड़ना चाहिए

English

In whom words enter like stones fallen in a well and do not return to the speaker: he should dwell in the stage of isolation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्यरव्याहतमतिर्वैराग्यात् प्रकृती स्थित:

English

He should not see or hear what is not to be said about anyone, especially about brahmanas, nor ever speak it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देहान्तरमिवापतन्नश्नरत्युपगतस्पृह:

English

destruction then is sure to overtake the king. A mighty tree, first starting into life, grows into large proportions. Numerous creatures then come and seek its shelter. When, however, it is cut down or consumed in a conflagration, those that, had recourse to it for shelter all become homeless, l When the residents of a kingdom perform acts of righteousness and all religious rites, and applaud the good qualities of the king, the latter reaps an accession of affluence. When, on the other hand, the residents, moved by ignorance, abandon righteousness and act unrighteously, the king becomes overtaken by misery. When sinful men whose acts are known are allowed to move among the righteous (without being punished for their misdeeds), Kali then overtakes the rulers of those realms. 2 When the king causes chastisement to overtake all wicked people, his kingdom thrives in prosperity. The kingdom of that king certainly thrives who pays proper honours to his ministers and employs them in measures of policy and in battles. Such a ruler enjoys the wide earth for ever. That king who duly honours all good acts and good speeches succeeds in earning great merit. The enjoyment of good things after sharing them with others, paying proper honours to the ministers, and subjugation or persons intoxicated with strength, are said to constitute the great duty of a king. Protecting all men by words, body, and deeds, and never forgiving his son himself (if he has offended), constitute the great duty of the king. The maintenance of those that are weak by sharing with them the things he has, and thereby increasing their strength constitute the duty of the king. Protection of the kingdom, extermination of robbers, and conquering in battle, constitute the duty of the king. Never to forgive a person however dear, if he has committed an offence by act or word, constitutes the duty of the king. Protecting those that solicit shelter, as he would protect his own children, and never depriving one of the honours to which he is entitled constitute the duty of the king. 3 Adoring the deities, with a devoted heart, in sacrifices completed by presents, and subduing lust and envy, constitute the duty of the king. Wiping the tears of the distressed, the helpless, and the old, and inspiring them with joy, constitute the duty of the king. Aggrandising friends, weakening foes, and honouring the good, constitute the duty of the king. Cheerfully observing the obligations of truth, always making gifts of land, entertaining guests, and supporting dependents, constitute the duty of the king. That king who favours those that deserve favours and chastises those that deserve chastisement earns great merit both here and hereafter. The king is Yama himself. He is, O Mandhatri, the god (incarnate) unto all that are righteous. By subduing his senses he succeeds in acquiring great affluence. By not subduing them he incurs sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरीरको प्राप्त हुएकी भाँति विचरता है विज्ञानाभिनिवेशात्तु स जागर्त्यनिशं सदा

English

Paying proper honours unto Ritwijas and priests and preceptors, and doing good offices unto them constitute the duty of the king. Yama governs all creatures without observing distinctions. The king should imitate him in his behaviour by restraining all his subjects duly. The king is said to

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्ममें निरन्तर जागता ही रहता है

English

Covered by whatever, fed by whatever, sleeping wherever: the gods know such a one as of ripened mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रलीनैरिन्द्रियैदेही वर्तते देहवानिव क्योंकि जो सर्वथा असत् है, (जैसे आकाशका पुष्प) उसकी प्रतीति ही नहीं होती

English

Afraid of company as of a snake, of luxury as of hell, of women as of a corpse: the gods know him as a brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथैतदुपपन्नार्थ वर्णयन्ति महर्षय:

English

He who is neither angry nor glad, honoured or dishonoured, giver of fearlessness to all beings: the gods know him as a brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्णन करते हैं, उनका वह वर्णन युक्तिसंगत भी है मनसस्त्वप्रलीनत्वात् तत् तदाहुर्निदर्शनम्

English

He should neither welcome death nor life; he should wait for time alone, like a servant for orders.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यद्वन्मनोरथैश्वर्य स्वप्ने तद्धन्मनोगतम्

English

His mind should be unstruck and his speech unstruck; freed from all sins, what fear has he with no enemy?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनोराज्यकी ही विभूति हैं, उसी प्रकार स्वप्नके भाव भी मनसे ही सम्बन्ध रखते हैं मनस्यन्तर्तितं सर्व स वेदोत्तमपूरुष:

English

He from whom beings have no fear and through whom they have none, freed from the body, has no fear from any quarter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वश्रेष्ठ अन्तर्यामी पुरुष परमात्मा जानता है

English

As the footprints of other walkers are all covered in the elephant's footprint, so, in non-violence, all footprints of dharma and wealth are covered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् तत् शंसन्ति भूतानि मनो यद्धावितं यथा है, उस समय सूक्ष्मभूत स्वप्नमें वैसे ही आकार प्रकट कर देते हैं

English

He who adopts non-violence ever dwells as immortal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रजस्तमोगतैभविस्तदप्याहुर्दुरत्ययम् हुए बिना उस स्वप्नदर्शनको लाँघना अत्यन्त कठिन बताया गया है

English

The non-violent, equal, truthful, steady, with restrained senses, a refuge of all beings, gains the unsurpassed goal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मप्रभावात् तं विद्यात् सर्वा ह्यात्मनि देवता:

English

Thus for the wise one satisfied with wisdom, fearless, there is no state beyond death; he goes beyond death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्थं तमध्यात्मगुणं विदुः त्रैलोक्यप्रकृतिर्देही तमसोन्‍्ते महेश्वर:

English

Freed from all attachments, a sage standing like space, without possessions, wandering alone, calm: the gods know him as a brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह अज्ञान निवृत्तिके पश्चात् महेश्वर (विशुद्ध परमात्मा) रूपसे प्रतिष्ठित होता है

English

He whose life is for dharma, whose dharma is for wealth, and whose days and nights are for merit: the gods know him as a brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् देवासुरैर्गुप्तं तदाहुरज्ञनलक्षणम् सत्त्वं देवगुणं विद्यादितरावासुरौ गुणौ

English

Without hope, without undertaking, without salutation or praise, with deeds spent and unspent: the gods know him as a brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इनमें सत्त्व तो देवताओंका गुण और शेष दोनों असुरोंके गुण हैं

English

All beings delight in happiness; all are greatly afraid of pain; so, having been distressed at causing them fear, one with faith would not do actions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये विदुर्भावितात्मानस्ते यान्ति परमां गतिम् अन्त:करणवाले महात्मा उसे जानते हैं, वे परमगतिको प्राप्त हो जाते हैं

English

The gift of fearlessness is the fee: all gifts rest on it here; he who first gives up the sharp body gains the endless fearlessness from creatures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यक्ताव्यक्त च यत् तत्त्वं सम्प्रोक्ते परमर्षिणा

English

He who offers oblation into the upturned mouth, the navel of the world, the support of the universe: his limbs, what is done and undone, Vaishvanara has entered all.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवृत्तिलक्षणं धर्ममृषि्नारायणोब्रवीत् निवृत्तिलक्षणं धर्ममव्यक्त ब्रह्म शाश्वतम्

English

In the heart, a span in size, that which is lodged: in it the self-sacrificer offers the breaths; his fire-offering, offered and set in the self, is in all those worlds always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवृत्ति: पुनरावृत्तिर्निवृत्ति: परमा गति:

English

Those who know the divine threefold winged one, the foremost and the supreme truth, honoured in all worlds, become gods, able, and go to merit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अव्यक्तपुरुषाभ्यां तु यत् स्थादन्यन्महत्तरम्

English

The Vedas and the knowable, the whole rule, and the etymology and the supreme truth: him who knows all in the body-self the gods always desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सामान्यमेतदुभयोरेवं हान्यद्विशेषणम् विपरीतमतो विद्यात् क्षेत्रज्ञस्य स्वलक्षणम्

English

Unattached on earth, immeasurable in heaven, golden, born of the egg, the winged bird in the sky in the middle of the egg: he who knows it, shining with rays in the enjoyable self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कीर्त्यते शब्दसंज्ञाभि: को5हमेषो5प्यसाविति

English

The turning, ageless, revolving, twelve-spoked, well-jointed felly: into whose mouth the universe goes; that wheel of Time is set in the cave.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथासंज्ञो हायं सम्यगन्तकाले न मुह्यृति लेनेपर मनुष्य मृत्युके समय मोहमें नहीं पड़ता है

English

He who is the grace of the world and its body gains all worlds here; what is offered in him satisfies the gods here, and they, satisfied, satisfy his mouth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शारीरैनियमैशग्रैक्षरेन्नरिष्कल्मषं तप:

English

Made of energy, with an eternal body, ancient, he goes to endless fearless worlds; from whom beings are never afraid, he is never afraid of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्दोष तपका अनुष्ठान करना चाहिए सूर्यश्च चन्द्रमाश्नैव भासतस्तपसा दिवि

English

Not to be blamed, and not blaming others, that brahmana should see the Supreme Self, with delusion removed, sin removed, and gaining nothing here or hereafter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं। आकाशमें सूर्य और चन्द्रमा भी तपसे ही प्रकाशित हो रहे हैं

English

Free of anger and delusion, equal toward clod and gold, grief gone, peace and war gone, free of blame and praise, of the pleasant and unpleasant, roaming as one indifferent: this is the mendicant."

हिन्दी अर्थ

हेतुयुक्त: सदा सर्गो भूतानां प्रलयस्तथा भावान्तप्रभवप्रज्ञा आसते ये विपर्ययम्

English

resemble the Thousand-eyed (Indra) in every respect. That, O bull among men, should be regarded as righteousness which is regarded as such by him. Thou shouldst, without being heedless, cultivate forgiveness, intelligence, patience, and the, love of all creatures. Thou shouldst also ascertain the strength and weakness of all men and learn to distinguish between right and wrong. Thou shouldst conduct thyself with propriety towards all creatures, make gifts, and utter agreeable and sweet words. Thou shouldst maintain the residents of thy city and the provinces in happiness. A king who is not clever, never succeeds in protecting his subjects. Sovereignty, O sire, is a very happy burthen to bear. Only that king who is possessed of wisdom and courage, and who is conversant with the science of chastisement, can protect a kingdom. He, on the other hand, who is without energy and intelligence, and who is not versed in the great science, is incompetent to bear the burthen of sovereignty. Aided by ministers of handsome features and good birth, clever in business, devoted to their master, and possessed of great learning, thou shouldst examine the hearts and acts of all men including the very ascetics in the forests. Conducting thyself thus, thou wilt be able to learn the duties of all orders of men. That will aid thee in observing thy own duties, whether when thou art in thy country or when thou repairest to other realms. Amongst these three objects, viz., Virtue, Profit, and Pleasure, Virtue is the foremost. He that is of virtuous soul obtains great happiness both here and hereafter. If men be treated with honour, they can abandon (for the sake of the honour thou mayst give them) their very wives and sons. By attaching good men to himself (by doing good offices unto them), by gifts, sweet words, heedfulness and purity of behaviour, a king may win great prosperity. Do not, therefore, O Mandhatri, be heedless to these qualities and acts. The king should never be heedless in looking after his own laches, as also after those of his foes. He should act in such a way that his foes may not be able to detect his laches, and he should himself assail them when theirs are visible. This is the way in which Vasava, and Yama, and Varuna, and all the great royal sages have acted. Do thou observe the same conduct. Do thou, O great king, adopt this behaviour which was followed by those royal sages. Do thou soon, O bull of Bharata's race, adept this heavenly road. The gods, the Rishis, the Pitris, and the Gandharvas, possessed of great energy, sing the praises, both here and hereafter, of that king whose conduct is righteous.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तृष्णातन्तुरनाद्यन्तस्तथा देहगत: सदा

English

[Vyasa said:] "With these senses stationed in the mind he does his work here, like a charioteer with well-trained, firm best horses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतानामनुकम्पार्थ जगाद जगतो गति:

English

Beyond the senses are the objects; beyond the objects, the mind; beyond the mind, intellect; beyond intellect, the great self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये ही इस अमृतमय ज्ञानको प्रकाशित किया सप्तदशाधिकद्विशततमोध्याय:

English

Beyond the great is the unmanifest; beyond the unmanifest, the immortal; beyond the immortal there is nothing; that is the limit, that is the highest goal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगाम मोक्ष मोक्षज्ञो भोगानुत्सृज्य मानुषान्

English

So the self hidden in all beings does not shine; it is seen by the supreme, subtle intellect of those who see the truth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

येन वृत्तेन धर्मज्ञ: स जगाम महत्सुखम् दर्शयन्तः पृथग्धर्मान् नानाश्रमनिवासिन:

English

With the senses, their objects and the many things to be thought merged in the inner self through understanding, thinking nothing,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्हें भिन्न-भिन्न धर्मोंका उपदेश देते रहते थे

English

having ceased from meditation, the mind accomplished by knowledge, without a master, calm of self, he then reaches the immortal state.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगमस्थ: स भूयिष्ठमात्मतत्त्वे न तुष्यति जनदेवको विशेष संतोष नहीं होता था

English

Subject to all the senses, with memory unsteady, a mortal meets death by giving himself away.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिथिलामें जा पहुँचे

English

Having given up all intentions, he should settle the mind in sattva; having settled the mind in sattva, he would be beyond time.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थानेभ्यो ध्वंसमानाश्र सूक्ष्मत्वात् तदुपासते

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Thus addressed by Utathya, O Bharata, Mandhatri, unhesitatingly did as he was directed, and became the sole lord of the wide earth. Do thou also, O king, act righteously like Mandhatri. Thou wilt then, after ruling the earth, obtain an abode in heaven.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

देहान्तं कश्चिदन्वास्ते भावितात्मा निराश्रयम् अभ्यस्यन्ति परं देवं विद्युत्संशब्दिताक्षरम्

English

who is listening. The sense of the verse is that it is the king who causes the age, for if he acts righteously, the age that sets in is Krita; if, on the other hand, he acts sinfully, he causes the Kali age to

हिन्दी अर्थ

अविनाशी कहा गया है

English

is a great thing. Its power, so to say, is such that it can lead to heaven and hell everyone with whom it

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व एते महात्मानो गच्छन्ति परमां गतिम् अन्तरिक्षादन्यतरं धारणासक्तमानसम्

English

The secret of all the Vedas, without tradition, without scripture, a treatise convincing to the self, this is the teaching to a son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिसमें योगधारणाद्वारा मनको स्थापित किया जाता है

English

Among all accounts of dharma and accounts of truth, the wealth is this: ten thousand verses churned, the nectar drawn out.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्म भूता विरजसस्ततो यान्ति परां गतिम् यथाज्ञानमुपासन्त: सर्वे यान्ति परां गतिम्

English

As butter from curds and fire from wood, so the knowledge of the wise is drawn out for the sake of a son; this teaching is for graduates, to be told to a son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यान्ति ते5पि परॉल्लोकान् विमुच्यन्ते यथाबलम्

English

It should not be told to the unquiet, the not self-controlled, the one without austerity, the one ignorant of the Veda, nor to one who does not follow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भावेन यान्ति शुद्धा ये ज्ञानतृप्ता निराशिष: कामनारहित हो जाते हैं

English

Not to the envious, the crooked, one who does not do as told, one scorched by the science of reasoning, nor to a backbiter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्प तत् परमं स्थान मोदन्तेक्षरमव्ययम्

English

It is to be told to a praiseworthy, calm ascetic, to a dear son and a following disciple; the secret dharma is not to be told to anyone else in any way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तृष्णाबद्धं जगत् सर्व चक्रवत् परिवर्तते जगत् तृष्णामें बँधकर चक्रके समान घूम रहा है

English

Even if a man were to give him this whole earth full of jewels, the knower of truth would think this alone the better."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्वत् संसारसूत्र हि तृष्णासूच्या निबद्धयते यो यथावद् विजानाति स वितृष्णो विमुच्यते

English

Beyond this is the more secret matter, the supreme self-knowledge above the human, which was seen by the great sages and is sung in the Vedanta; that I shall tell you, which you ask me."